Download or read book The Campaigns of Hannibal and Scipio written by Michael R. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Campaigns Of Hannibal And Scipio Searching For Congruency written by Major Michael R. Johnson and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the Second Punic War using the Contextual and Operational Elements found in the Campaign Planning Model to determine how Rome and Carthage conducted the war, and whether they maintained congruency as each respective country pursued their national objective. It examines how they selected their grand strategy, and how that strategy was interpreted and executed at the operational and tactical levels. The model highlights flaws in Carthage’s formulation and application of its grand strategy which, combined with the lack of strategic insight at the operational level, kept them from satisfying their objectives. This paper also shows that Rome’s formulation and execution of its grand strategy, even with several interim changes in operational strategy, flawlessly applied the tenets of the Campaign Planning Model and enabled Rome to always keep its strategic perspective firmly in view to secure eventual victory. This paper also recommends further study of Rome’s operational strategy, in particular the campaign of its commanding general, Publius Cornelius Scipio. Scipio’s campaign provides excellent examples of the principles of surprise and concentration, and demonstrates how innovation and mobility can produce an indirect strategy that can not only defeat a larger enemy, but also maintain flawless congruency with strategic objectives. Scipio provides an outstanding study in military genius, indirect strategy application, innovation, and statesmanship. He most closely embodies the soldier-statesman needed in modern coalition warfare.
Download or read book The Campaigns of Hannibal and Scipio written by Michael R. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Campaigns of Hannibal and Scipio written by Air Command and Staff College and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-08-04 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work analyzes the Second Punic War using the Contextual and Operational Elements found in the Campaign Planning Model to determine how Rome and Carthage conducted the war, and whether they maintained congruency as each respective country pursued their national objective. It examines how they selected their grand strategy, and how that strategy was interpreted and executed at the operational and tactical levels. The model highlights flaws in Carthages formulation and application of its grand strategy which, combined with the lack of strategic insight at the operational level, kept them from satisfying their objectives. This work also shows that Romes formulation and execution of its grand strategy, even with several interim changes in operational strategy, flawlessly applied the tenets of the Campaign Planning Model and enabled Rome to always keep its strategic perspective firmly in view to secure eventual victory. This work also recommends further study of Romes operational strategy, in particular the campaign of its commanding general, Publius Cornelius Scipio. Scipio's campaign provides excellent examples of the principles of surprise and concentration, and demonstrates how innovation and mobility can produce an indirect strategy that can not only defeat a larger enemy, but also maintain flawless congruency with strategic objectives. Scipio provides an outstanding study in military genius, indirect strategy application, innovation, and statesmanship. He most closely embodies the soldier-statesman needed in modern coalition warfare.
Download or read book Hannibal Scipio and the Emergence of Rome written by Adolf af Jochnick and published by Page Publishing, Inc. This book was released on 2020-11-11 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book relates Hannibal’s campaign against the Roman Republic beginning in 218 BC in which he crossed the Alps with a big force including elephants. The book also covers Scipio Africanus’s campaigns in Spain and North Africa and the ultimate confrontation between Carthage and Rome at Zama in 201 BC. There are also descriptions of the history and characteristics of Carthage and Rome and the reasons that Rome emerged as the dominant power in the Mediterranean.
Download or read book Hannibal s Last Battle written by Brian Todd Carey and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2007-10-18 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A “crisply written, well researched . . . superb piece of scholarship about one of the most dramatic and decisive battles in the ancient world” (Journal of Military History). At Zama (in what is now Tunisia) in 202 BC, the armies of two great empires clashed: the Romans under Scipio Africanus and Carthaginians, led by Hannibal. Scipio’s forces would win a decisive, bloody victory that forever shifted the balance of power in the ancient world. Thereafter, Rome became the dominant civilization of the Mediterranean. Here, Brian Todd Carey recounts that battle and the grueling war that led up to it. He offers fascinating insight into the Carthaginian and Roman methods of waging war, their military organizations, equipment, and the tactics the armies employed. He also delivers an in-depth critical assessment of the contrasting qualities and leadership styles of Hannibal and Scipio, the two most celebrated commanders of their age. With vivid prose and detailed maps of the terrains of the time, Hannibal’s Last Battle is an essential text for fans of military history and students of the classical period.
Download or read book Hannibal and Scipio Africanus written by and published by . This book was released on 2020-04-20 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes excerpts of ancient accounts *Includes a bibliography for further reading Carthage was one of the great ancient civilizations, and at its peak, the wealthy Carthaginian empire dominated the Mediterranean against the likes of Greece and Rome, with commercial enterprises and influence stretching from Spain to Turkey. In fact, at several points in history it had a very real chance of replacing the fledgling Roman empire or the failing Greek poleis (city-states) altogether as master of the Mediterranean. Although Carthage by far preferred to exert economic pressure and influence before resorting to direct military power (and even went so far as to rely primarily on mercenary armies paid with its vast wealth for much of its history, it nonetheless produced a number of outstanding generals, from the likes of Hanno Magnus to, of course, the great bogeyman of Roman nightmares himself: Hannibal. In the history of war, only a select few men always make the list of greatest generals. Napoleon. Caesar. Alexander. They are always joined by Hannibal, who has the distinction of being the only man who nearly brought Rome to its knees before its decline almost 700 years later. Rome never suffered a more horrifying defeat in its history than at Cannae, and indeed, Hannibal nearly rewrote the course of Western history during the Second Punic War. Even today there remains great debate on just how he accomplished his masterful invasion of Italy across the Alps. Since his army included war elephants, historians still argue over exactly where and how he crossed over 2,000 years after he managed that incredible feat. Hannibal will always be listed among history's greatest generals, and his military campaign in Italy during the Second Punic War will always be studied, but part of the aura and mystique surrounding the Carthaginian legend is that there is still a lot of mystery. Since Carthage was destroyed by Rome a generation after Hannibal, most of what is known about Hannibal came from the very people he tormented in the late 2nd century BCE, and thus much of his background is unknown. Moreover, even as military historians are still amazed that he was able to maintain his army in Italy near Rome for nearly 15 years, they are still puzzled over some of his decisions, including why he never attempted to march on Rome in the first place. While he remains far less known than Hannibal, Publius Cornelius Scipio, the man who has become known to history as Scipio Africanus, is widely regarded as one of the greatest military leaders of all time. In the space of less than 10 years, the genius of Scipio took Rome from being on the brink of utter destruction to becoming the dominant power in the Mediterranean. He displayed not just acute understanding of the tactical needs of the battlefield but also a strategic overview that consistently allowed him to confound his enemies. Scipio has been described as "the embodiment of grand strategy, as his campaigns are the supreme example in history of its meaning." However, like many other successful military leaders, Scipio proved much less able to deal with the envy and political machinations of the Roman Senate, and he ended his life not in glory but in bitter, self-imposed retirement, much the same way Hannibal did. Both men left legacies of military genius, catastrophic defeats, perseverance in the face of setbacks, astounding victories. Their stories also heavily involve ingratitude, envy, and enmity from within. Hannibal and Scipio Africanus: The Lives and Careers of the Second Punic War's Legendary Generals chronicles the two rivals, their campaigns, and their lasting legacies. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about Hannibal and Scipio Africanus like never before.
Download or read book Scipio Africanus in the Second Punic War written by Howard Hayes Scullard and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1930 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hannibal and Scipio pocket GIANTS written by Greg Fisher and published by The History Press. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 218, Hannibal Barca, desperate to avenge the defeat of Carthage in the First Punic War, launched an ambitious ground invasion of Italy. With just a small force, he crossed the Alps – a feat reckoned to be impossible – and pitted his polyglot army against Rome's elite citizen infantry. At Cannae, in 216, Hannibal destroyed an 80,000-strong Roman force in one afternoon, delivering a blow unequalled in Roman history for half a millennium to come. The Romans had no answer to Hannibal until the young Scipio volunteered to take over Rome's armies in Spain, which were close to defeat, and left leaderless by the death of Scipio's own father and uncle. In the decade which followed, Scipio turned Rome's desperate fortunes into a stunning victory over Carthage. The portrait of Hannibal and Scipio takes the reader through one of the greatest military campaigns in history, driven by two remarkable and fascinating men.
Download or read book The Campaigns of Hannibal written by P. L. Macdougall and published by . This book was released on 1858 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the military history of Hannibal's military campaigns.
Download or read book Zama 202 BC written by Mir Bahmanyar and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-22 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The battle of Zama, fought across North Africa around 202 BC, was the final large-scale clash of arms between the world's two greatest western powers of the time – Carthage and Rome. The engagement ended the Second Punic War, waged from 218 until 201 BC. The armies were led by two of the most famous commanders of all time – the legendary Carthaginian general Hannibal, renowned for crossing the Alps with his army into Italy, and the Roman general Publius Cornelius Scipio, who along with his father was among the defeated at the battle of Cannae in 216 BC. Drawing upon years of research, author Mir Bahmanyar gives a detailed account of this closing battle, analysing the tactics employed by each general and the forces they had at their disposal. Stunning, specially commissioned artwork brings to life the epic clash that saw Hannibal defeated and Rome claim its spot as the principal Mediterranean power.
Download or read book Hannibal s Road written by Mike Roberts and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2017-03-30 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many books have been written on the Second Punic War and Hannibal in particular but few give much space to his campaigns in the years from 213 203 BC. Most studies concentrate on Hannibals series of stunning victories in the early stages of the war, culminating at Cannae in 216 BC, then refocus on the activities of his nemesis ,Scipio Africanus, in Spain until the two meet in the final showdown at Zama. But this has led to the neglect of some of the Carthaginian genius most remarkable campaigns. By 212 the wider war was definitely going against the Carthaginians. Yet Hannibal, despite being massively outnumbered and with little support from home, was able to sustain his polyglot army and campaign actively across southern Italy for another ten years. His skilful manoeuvring and victory in numerous engagements kept several veteran armies of the normally aggressive Romans tied up and on the defensive, until Scipios invasion of North Africa pulled him home to defend Carthage. Mike Roberts follows the course of these remarkable events in detail, analysing Hannibals strategy and aims in this phase of the war and revealing a genius that had lost none of its lustre in adversity.
Download or read book The campaigns of Hannibal arranged and critically considered written by sir Patrick Leonard MacDougall and published by . This book was released on 1858 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scipio Africanus written by Richard A. Gabriel and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2008-06-30 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world often misunderstands its greatest men while neglecting others entirely. Scipio Africanus, surely the greatest general that Rome produced, suffered both these fates. Today scholars celebrate the importance of Hannibal, even though Scipio defeated the legendary general in the Second Punic War and was the central military figure of his time. In this scholarly and heretofore unmatched military biography of the distinguished Roman soldier, Richard A. Gabriel establishes Scipio's rightful place in military history as the greater of the two generals. Before Scipio, few Romans would have dreamed of empire, and Scipio himself would have regarded such an ambition as a danger to his beloved republic. And yet, paradoxically, Scipio's victories in Spain and Africa enabled Rome to consolidate its hold over Italy and become the dominant power in the western Mediterranean, virtually ensuring a later confrontation with the Greco-Macedonian kingdoms to the east as well as the empire's expansion into North Africa and the Levant. The Roman imperium was being born, and it was Scipio who had sired it. Gabriel draws upon ancient texts, including those from Livy, Polybius, Diodorus, Silius Italicus, and others, as primary sources and examines all additional material available to the modern scholar in French, German, English, and Italian. His book offers a complete bibliography of all extant sources regarding Scipio's life. The result is a rich, detailed, and contextual treatment of the life and career of Scipio Africanus, one of Rome's greatest generals, if not the greatest of them all.
Download or read book Hannibal written by Theodore Ayrault Dodge and published by . This book was released on 1891 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scipio written by Ross Leckie and published by Canongate Books. This book was released on 2009-09-25 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yes, we have achieved much. Have we destroyed even more? In the name of Rome, Scipio Africanus systematically destroyed the hard-won empires of Hannibal and Alexander the Great. With breathtaking battle scenes and a tale of violent passions, Scipio is a stunning sequel to Hannibal, Ross Leckie's acclaimed bestselling historical novel. This inspired narrative reveals the aristocrat, general, politician, and aesthete behind the Roman triumph to bring us a novel of love and betrayal, about a genius who discovers he is only a man.
Download or read book Hannibal s Campaigns written by Tony Bath and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
