Download or read book The Broad sclerophyll Vegetation of California written by William Skinner Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Broad Sclerophyll Vegetation of California An Ecological Study of the Chaparral and Its Related Communities written by William Skinner Cooper and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book The Broad Sclerophyll Vegetation of California written by William S. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Broad-Sclerophyll Vegetation of California: An Ecological Study of the Chaparral and Its Related Communities The characteristic vegetation of California west of the high Sierra Nevada and the Colorado and Mojave Deserts is of the type aptly described by the term "broad-sclerophyll." The use of the prefix "broad," which expresses a very general group character, in distinction to the needle-leaf of the "narrow-sclerophyll" conifers, is not without its disadvantages, since the most important chaparral species, Adenostoma fasciculatum, possesses a needle-like leaf. This single though important exception seems not to be sufficient cause for discarding the very expressive appellation. Broad-sclerophyll vegetation is not confined to California, but recurs upon other portions of the earth's surface, notably the shores of the Mediterranean. The leaf character is the conspicuous and diagnostic feature, that organ being thick, stiff, and hard, ordinarily flat, and evergreen. Schimper (80) has shown that this vegetation type is everywhere correlated with a definite type of climate, namely, one with a long, dry summer and a rainy winter. Some of the broad-sclerophylls are trees, but most are scrubs. We therefore find broad-sclerophyll forest and broad-sclerophyll scrub, the latter being the more widespread and important. The present work is an ecological study of the broad-sclerophylls of California; of their relations to climate and soil and to each other. Being somewhat of a pioneer work, many phases of the problem are touched, and many lines of investigation have been opened up which could not be followed to the end. The field is a fascinating one, and a lifetime would not suffice to exhaust its possibilities. In the Mediterranean region broad-sclerophyll scrub is known as "macchie" and "garigue"; in California it is called "chaparral." It has already been noted that the scrub is more important than the forest, both scientifically and economically. In fact, the present research began as an investigation of the chaparral alone. Because of the close relations between them, it was a simple matter to extend the field of study to include the trees. The term "chaparral" is of Spanish origin, being derived from the word "chaparra," meaning scrub oak. It seems to have been applied by the early explorers of California to the low, shrubby, dominantly evergreen vegetation which they found to be so characteristic of the Coast Ranges and the foothills of the Sierras. Locally the term is sometimes restricted to a single species, often Ceanothus cuneatus. The term "chamisal" is frequently applied to a pure growth of Adenostoma fasciculatum or "chamise." About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book BROAD SCLEROPHYLL VEGETATION O written by William S. (William Skinner) 18 Cooper and published by Wentworth Press. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book The Broad Sclerophyll Vegetation of California written by William Skinner Cooper and published by Nabu Press. This book was released on 2014-02-22 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
Download or read book The Broad Sclerophyll Vegetation of California an Ecological Study of the Chaparral and Its Related Communities written by William S. 1884- Cooper and published by Sagwan Press. This book was released on 2015-08-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book The Broad Sclerophyll Vegetation of California written by William S. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Broad sclerophyll Vegetation of California written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Board sclerophyll Vegetation of California written by William Skinner Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Illustrated Manual of California Shrubs written by Howard McMinn and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1970 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The object of this volume is to present a systematic and descriptive account of the shrubs of California which will serve as a working manual for their identification by the forester, ranger, traveler, vacationist, teacher, landscape designer, gardener, and student of nature. While primarily planned for the use of the general public, the book has been written to serve also the professional botanist who is interested in the native shrubs of California"--Preface (page ix).
Download or read book World Vegetation Types written by S.R. Eyre and published by Springer. This book was released on 1971-06-03 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Terrestrial Vegetation of California 3rd Edition written by Michael Barbour and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2007-07-17 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This completely new edition of Terrestrial Vegetation of California clearly documents the extraordinary complexity and richness of the plant communities and of the state and the forces that shape them. This volume is a storehouse of information of value to anyone concerned with meeting the challenge of understanding, managing or conserving these unique plant communities under the growing threats of climate change, biological invasions and development."—Harold Mooney, Professor of Environmental Biology, Stanford University "The plants of California are under threat like never before. Traditional pressures of development and invasive species have been joined by a newly-recognized threat: human-caused climate change. It is essential that we thoroughly understand current plant community dynamics in order to have a hope of conserving them. This book represents an important, well-timed advance in knowledge of the vegetation of this diverse state and is an essential resource for professionals, students, and the general public alike."—Brent Mishler, Director of the University & Jepson Herbaria and Professor of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley
Download or read book A Geographic and Taxonomic Study of the California Species of the Genus Ceanothus written by Howard McMinn and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1930 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PSW written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Competing Vegetation in Ponderosa Pine Plantations written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planted ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. var. ponderosa) seedlings in young plantations in California are at a disadvantage compared with competing shrubs, forbs, and grasses. In many instances, roots of competing plants begin expanding and exploiting the soil earlier and in greater numbers, thereby capturing the majority of available resources and lowering pine survival and growth. Competition thresholds or "how much is too much?" are: for treatments where a cleared radius is prescribed, no weeds are acceptable within the space needed for maximum growth of pine seedlings during the establishment period; for treatments involving the entire area, crown cover values of 10 to 30 percent seem to be the level beyond which shrub competition significantly affects pine growth. Methods for preparing the site, which include mechanical and chemical methods, use of fire, and combinations of treatments, show the interaction of site and ensuing vegetation. Techniques for controlling competing vegetation from seed include preventing such plants from getting started by use of preemergent herbicides or mats (collars). To prevent sprouting, hardwood trees and large shrubs can be pushed over, thereby getting the root crown out of the ground, or if still in the soil, grinding it out with a machine. Once present, the effect of weeds from seed can be minimized by grubbing or spraying when young, by grazing plants with cattle or sheep, or by introducing plants of low competitive ability. Once sprouting weeds are present, their effect can be minimized by spraying with chemicals, or if palatable, by grazing with cattle or sheep. Costs range from as low as $10 per acre ($25/ha) for aerially applying herbicides to $711 per acre ($1757/ha) for grinding out tanoak stumps.
Download or read book Agriculture Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Set includes revised editions of some issues.
Download or read book Social Indicators written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
