Download or read book The BRCA1 Tumor Suppressor Gene in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BRCA1 is a tumor-suppressor locus on chromosome 17q21. Familial inheritance of a defective copy places a lifetime risk of breast cancer at 80%. Most of these tumors arise before the age of 50. In addition, there is an elevated risk of ovarian and testicular tumors. The mechanism of transformation is not known. In an effort to better understand the actions of this gene, I have cloned the mouse Brca1 gene. The present proposal aims to characterize the effect of over-expression and deletion of Brca1 in mice, and by understanding the nature of the interactions between Brca1 and other oncogenes. The completion of these aims will provide: (1) a mouse model of Brca1 deficiency, (2) an enhanced understanding of Brca1 function in the regulation of mammary epithelial cell growth and differentiation, and (3) reveal important interactions between Brca1 and other potent transforming agents in the breast, in particular with c-myc, and loss of p53.
Download or read book The Brcal Tumor Suppressor Gene in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BRCAl is a tumor-suppressor locus on chromosome 17q2l. Familial inheritance of a defective copy places a lifetime risk of breast cancer at 80%. Most of these tumors arise before the age of 50. In addition, there is an elevated risk of ovarian and testicular tumors. The mechanism of transformation is not known. In an effort to better understand the actions of this gene, I have cloned the mouse Brca1 gene. The present proposal aims to characterize the effect of over-expression and deletion of Brcal in mice, and by understanding the nature of the interactions between Brcal and other oncogenes. The completion of these aims will provide: (1) a mouse model of Brcal deficiency, (2) an enhanced understanding of Brca1 function in the regulation of mammary epithelial cell growth and differentiation, and (3) reveal important interactions between Brcal and other potent transforming agents in the breast, in particular with c-m9yc, and loss of p53.
Download or read book Genetically Engineered Mice for Cancer Research written by Jeffrey E. Green and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-09 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetically-engineered mouse models for cancer research have become invaluable tools for studying cancer biology and evaluating novel therapeutic approaches. This volume focuses on state-of-the-art methods for generating, analyzing and validating such models for studying aspects of human cancer biology. Additionally, these models are emerging as important pre-clinical systems in which to test cancer prevention and therapeutic strategies in order to select compounds for testing in clinical trials.
Download or read book A Mouse Model for the Cloning of a Tumor Suppressor Gene Mutated in Sporadic Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth factors transmit their signal by binding a receptor and activating a cascade of downstream events that eventually leads to cellular proliferation; normal or abberant. With regard to the Wnt I wingless family of growth factors / oncogenes, little is known about the receptor(s) or reception mechanism(s) involved. The present study may shed light on a key piece of this puzzle and unravel how Wnts cause cellular growth, often leading to tumorigenesis.
Download or read book Mouse Models of Human Cancer written by Eric C. Holland and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-08-27 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mice have become the species of choice for modeling the complex interactions between tumor cells and the host environment. Mouse genetics are easily manipulated, and a growing array of technology exists for this purpose. Mouse models allow investigators to better understand causal relationships between specific genetic alterations and tumors, utilize new imaging techniques, and test novel therapies. Recent developments along these lines show great promise for the development of new anti-cancer treatments. Mouse Models of Human Cancer provides researchers and students with a complete resource on the subject, systematically presenting the principles, methodologies, applications, and challenges associated with this exciting field. Offering a survey of the latest research and a description of future areas of interest, this text: Presents real experimental data Describes organ site-specific mouse models Clearly identifies suitable models for further drug testing Critically analyzes current methodologies and their limitations Features numerous recognizable expert contributors Lists key Web sites, reagents, and companies From mouse handling and genetic engineering to preclinical trials, Mouse Models of Human Cancer is a comprehensive guide to using these models and relating them to human disease. Its uniform presentation describes organ-specific models in clinical, imaging, and molecular terms, and lays out the relevant genetics, experimental approaches, histological comparisons with human disease, and conclusions. Combining stellar chapter authors, rich illustrations, and clear, up-to-date coverage, Mouse Models of Human Cancer is an invaluable resource for advanced students and cutting-edge researchers.
Download or read book Functional Interactions of Tumor Suppressors Brca1 and Mus81 written by Lianne Mary Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomic instability is a prominent feature of malignantly transformed cancer cells. Tumor suppressor genes play an important role in maintaining the genomic integrity of the cell. BRCA1 is a known tumor suppressor and individuals with mutations in this gene have a heightened risk of breast cancer. This work investigates the functional interactions between Brca1 and tumor suppressor gene Mus81, hypothesized to cooperate in the repair of stalled replication forks. Preliminary findings presented in this study suggest a physical interaction exists between Mus81 and Brca1. To investigate the in vivo functional interplay between Brca1 and Mus81, a T cell conditional mouse model was created. Mus81 deletion did not exacerbate the T cell development defect seen in Brca1 deficient T cell conditional mice. This study is important as it attempts to contribute to current concepts of DNA damage repair pathways functioning within mammalian cells and provides valuable results to guide future research.
Download or read book Genome Stability written by James Haber and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome Stability: DNA Repair and Recombination describes the various mechanisms of repairing DNA damage by recombination, most notably the repair of chromosomal breaks. The text presents a definitive history of the evolution of molecular models of DNA repair, emphasizing current research. The book introduces the central players in recombination. An overview of the four major pathways of homologous recombinational repair is followed by a description of the several mechanisms of nonhomologous end-joining. Designed as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a molecular biology and genetics background, researchers and practitioners, especially in cancer biology, will also appreciate the book as a reference.
Download or read book Genome Stability written by Igor Kovalchuk and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-07-17 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome Stability: From Virus to Human Application, Second Edition, a volume in the Translational Epigenetics series, explores how various species maintain genome stability and genome diversification in response to environmental factors. Here, across thirty-eight chapters, leading researchers provide a deep analysis of genome stability in DNA/RNA viruses, prokaryotes, single cell eukaryotes, lower multicellular eukaryotes, and mammals, examining how epigenetic factors contribute to genome stability and how these species pass memories of encounters to progeny. Topics also include major DNA repair mechanisms, the role of chromatin in genome stability, human diseases associated with genome instability, and genome stability in response to aging. This second edition has been fully revised to address evolving research trends, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing; conventional versus transgenic genome instability; breeding and genetic diseases associated with abnormal DNA repair; RNA and extrachromosomal DNA; cloning, stem cells, and embryo development; programmed genome instability; and conserved and divergent features of repair. This volume is an essential resource for geneticists, epigeneticists, and molecular biologists who are looking to gain a deeper understanding of this rapidly expanding field, and can also be of great use to advanced students who are looking to gain additional expertise in genome stability. A deep analysis of genome stability research from various kingdoms, including epigenetics and transgenerational effects Provides comprehensive coverage of mechanisms utilized by different organisms to maintain genomic stability Contains applications of genome instability research and outcomes for human disease Features all-new chapters on evolving areas of genome stability research, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing, RNA and extrachromosomal DNA, programmed genome instability, and conserved and divergent features of repair
Download or read book Tumor Suppressor Genes written by Wafik S. El-Deiry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-03 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become clear that tumors arise from excessive cell proliferation and a c- responding reduction in cell death. Tumors result from the successive accumulation of mutations in key regulatory target genes over time. During the 1980s, a number of oncogenes were characterized, whereas from the 1990s to the present, the emphasis shifted to tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). It has become clear that oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes function in the same pathways, providing positive and ne- tive growth regulatory activities. The signaling pathways controlled by these genes involve virtually every process in cell biology, including nuclear events, cell cycle, cell death, cytoskeletal, cell membrane, angiogenesis, and cell adhesion effects. Tumor suppressor genes are mutated in hereditary cancer syndromes, as well as somatically in nonhereditary cancers. In their normal state, TSGs control cancer development and p- gression, as well as contribute to the sensitivity of cancers to a variety of therapeutics. Understanding the classes of TSGs, the biochemical pathways they function in, and how they are regulated provides an essential lesson in cancer biology. We cannot hope to advance our current knowledge and to develop new and more effective therapies without understanding the relevant pathways and how they influence the present approaches to therapy. Moreover, it is important to be able to access the powerful tools now available to discover these genes, as well as their links to cell biology and growth control.
Download or read book Tumor Suppressor Dysregulation in Mouse Models of Tumorigenesis written by Timothy James Bowen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Breast Cancer in the Post Genomic Era written by Antonio Giordano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-22 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast Cancer is the most common tumor in women and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Due to breakthroughs in gene profiling, the knowledge of the pathophysiology of the mammary gland had greatly increased over the last decade. In Breast Cancer in the Post Genomic Era, Antonio Giordano, Nicola Normanno, and a panel of international authorities in their field provide a comprehensive approach to the biology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of human breast carcinoma. The book provides a comprehensive approach to breast cancer, describing the use of gene profiling techniques to distinguish specific features of individual carcinomas, as well as emerging novel therapeutic approaches to treatment. Additional chapters cover the use of transgenic mice to model human breast cancer and the role of the EGF-CFC family in mammary gland development and neoplasia. Breast Cancer in the Post Genomic-Era succeeds in looking at breast cancer pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment under a more comprehensive light, and is a valuable resource for any Radiation or Surgical Oncologist, Cancer Biologist or Pathologist.
Download or read book Clinical Gynecology written by Eric J. Bieber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 1127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written with the busy practice in mind, this book delivers clinically focused, evidence-based gynecology guidance in a quick-reference format. It explores etiology, screening, tests, diagnosis, and treatment for a full range of gynecologic health issues. The coverage includes the full range of gynecologic malignancies, reproductive endocrinology and infertility, infectious diseases, urogynecologic problems, gynecologic concerns in children and adolescents, and surgical interventions including minimally invasive surgical procedures. Information is easy to find and absorb owing to the extensive use of full-color diagrams, algorithms, and illustrations. The new edition has been expanded to include aspects of gynecology important in international and resource-poor settings.
Download or read book The Development of BRCA2 Deficient Mice written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women who inherit a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation have an 80-90% chance of developing breast cancer. Gene targeting techniques were used to create a Brca2-deficient mouse. A portion of exon 10 was replaced with the Neo gene resulting in premature truncation of the protein product. Examination of normal mammary ductal development in 129(+/+) and 129(+/Brca2- ) mice revealed phenotypic differences between the two genotypic classes. 129(+/+) and 129(+/Brca2- ) mice and several inbred mouse strains were used to study the effect of genetic background on radiation induced mammary tumor induction. BALB/c and SWR mice are susceptible to radiation induced mammary tumorigenesis and C57BL/6, FVB/N and C3H mice are relatively resistant. While FVB/N mice do not develop tumors, radiation treatment has a dramatic effect on ductal morphogenesis. To date, no mammary tumors have been observed in the 129(+/+) and 129(+/Brca2- ) mice. Brca2-deficient mice were crossed to p53 mutant mice to generate four genotypic classes of offspring. A study is in progress to assess the consequences of harboring mutation in the two tumor suppressor genes with and without radiation exposure. The mammary tumor susceptible BALB/c and resistant C57BL/6 mouse strains being used to make mice congenic for the Brca2 mutation.
Download or read book Tumor Suppressor Mechanism in Breast Cancer Studies in Genetically Engineered Mice written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The p53 and pRb tumor suppressor pathways are frequently altered in human breast cancer. Although animal models have begun to explore mechanisms for these proteins, the roles can be different depending on the cancer type. Our previous studies in a mouse brain epithelial tumor model have demonstrated the importance of pRb in tumor initiation and of p53 in tumor progression, and have established p53-dependent apoptosis as a means of tumor suppression. In this model, brain cells are induced to proliferate aberrantly by tissue-specific expression of T121, a small T antigen oncoprotein that inactivates pRb. This causes slow growing, but highly apoptotic tumors. Further inactivation of p53 causes a dramatic decline in cell death and rapid acceleration of tumor growth. We propose similar studies to examine the pRb and p53 roles in breast cancer. The full T antigen oncoprotein (inactivates both pRb and p53) has been shown to induce mammary tumors in transgenic mice. Here, the T - oncoprotein will be tissue-specifically expressed in mammary epithelium by mammary-specific promoters to test the role of pRb.
Download or read book Tumor Models in Cancer Research written by Beverly A. Teicher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-11-07 with total page 745 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beverly A. Teicher and a panel of leading experts comprehensively describe for the first time in many years the state-of-the-art in animal tumor model research. The wide array of models detailed form the basis for the selection of compounds and treatments that go into clinical testing of patients, and include syngeneic models, human tumor xenograft models, orthotopic models, metastatic models, transgenic models, and gene knockout models. Synthesizing many years experience with all the major in vivo models currently available for the study of malignant disease, Tumor Models in Cancer Research provides preclinical and clinical cancer researchers alike with a comprehensive guide to the selection of these models, their effective use, and the optimal interpretation of their results.
Download or read book Comparative Pathobiology of Breast Cancer written by R. D. Cardiff and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of breast cancer has involved comparative pathology since the 1890s. The genes that are associated with breast cancer in humans cause cancer in genetically modified mice and rats. This publication opens the way for the examination of other mammalian species.
Download or read book Targeting Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents to Mammary Tumors written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer incidence and the leading cause of cancer mortality in women. Current chemotherapeutic treatments often have adverse effects primarily caused by the inefficient delivery and/or poor specificity of the compounds to breast tissues. Overall, we were interested in determining whether current therapeutic agents be redesigned to carry "tissue specific markers" to enhance their delivery and uptake in targeted tumor cells. Recently, researchers identified germlike mutations in the tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 that predisposes women to early onset breast cancer. To recapitulate this condition, our laboratory generated a Brca1 mouse model that selectively develops mammary tumors between 6-9 months of age. Using this Brca1 breast cancer model and cell lines derived from mammary tumors, phage display was used to isolate and identify peptide motifs that selectively bind to cultured Brca1 mammary tumor cell lines and were conjugated to a tracer. In vitro and in vivo efficiency and specificity of our candidate peptides toward mammary tumor cell lines and tissues was tested. The peptides were conjugated with TAT, which increased efficacy while decreasing specificity. Lastly, we identified the cellular localization of our candidate peptides.
