Download or read book Biology and Regulation of Blood Tissue Barriers written by C. Yan Cheng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-25 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was written by many outstanding investigators who have spent decades to study different aspects of blood‐tissue barrier function. They have summarized some of the latest and fascinating development in their fields of research including the blood‐brain barrier, the blood‐retinal barrier, the gut barrier, the blood‐biliary barrier, the blood‐follicle barrier, the blood‐epididymis barrier, the blood‐testis barrier, the tight junction barrier in general as well as barriers in the female reproductive tract. Included are also chapters that focus on topics that are physiologically applicable to all blood‐tissue barriers. Many of these chapters also include information on specific human diseases, such as pathological changes of the gut barrier that cause bowel disorders resulting from inflammation of the epithelial lining in the intestine, and infertility in men as a result of disruption of the blood‐epididymal and/or blood‐testis barriers; and on new therapeutic approaches (e.g., drug delivery across the blood‐brain and the blood‐retinal barriers).

Download or read book Biology and Regulation of Blood Tissue Barriers written by C Yan Cheng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-09-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was written by many outstanding investigators who have spent decades to study different aspects of blood‐tissue barrier function. They have summarized some of the latest and fascinating development in their fields of research including the blood‐brain barrier, the blood‐retinal barrier, the gut barrier, the blood‐biliary barrier, the blood‐follicle barrier, the blood‐epididymis barrier, the blood‐testis barrier, the tight junction barrier in general as well as barriers in the female reproductive tract. Included are also chapters that focus on topics that are physiologically applicable to all blood‐tissue barriers. Many of these chapters also include information on specific human diseases, such as pathological changes of the gut barrier that cause bowel disorders resulting from inflammation of the epithelial lining in the intestine, and infertility in men as a result of disruption of the blood‐epididymal and/or blood‐testis barriers; and on new therapeutic approaches (e.g., drug delivery across the blood‐brain and the blood‐retinal barriers).

Download or read book Tissue Barriers in Disease Injury and Regeneration written by Nikolai V. Gorbunov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-19 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue Barriers in Disease, Injury and Regeneration focuses on the molecular and cellular fundamentals of homeostatic and defense responses of tissue barriers, covering the damaging impacts and exposure to pathogens and engineered nanomaterials. Sections emphasize the role of mesenchymal stoma, vascular, epithelial, telocyte, myofibroblast, lymphoid and reticuloendothelial cells, along with reactions that bridge the effects of ambient factors, medical treatments, drag delivery systems with alterations in barrier integrity, tissue/organ functions, and metabolic status. Other sections cover the role of progenitor cells of different origins in the remodeling and regeneration of tissue stroma, vasculature of blood-tissue barriers, and more. - Includes special emphasis on the role of mesenchymal stoma, vascular, epithelial, telocyte, myofibroblast, lymphoid and reticuloendothelial cells in the development of reactions that bridge the effects of ambient factors, medical treatments, drag delivery systems with alterations in barrier integrity, tissue/organ functions, and in metabolic status - Examines the role of progenitor cells of different origins in the remodeling and regeneration of tissue stroma, the vasculature of blood-tissue barriers, and mucosa and external epithelium

Download or read book The Blood Brain and Other Neural Barriers written by Sukriti Nag and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2010-11-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evolving technologies starting with tracer studies, and more recently with genomics and proteomics, have provided novel information about the molecular properties of cerebral endothelium and astrocytes; however, further studies must be done in animal models of neurological diseases and in humans to get a clearer understanding of the pathogenesis of blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in nervous system diseases. In The Blood-Brain and Other Neural Barriers: Reviews and Protocols, experts in the field present a series of cutting-edge protocols which can be used to study the barriers. Opening with detailed information on components of the neurovascular unit as well as the blood-cerebrospinal, blood-retinal, and blood-nerve barriers, the book continues with meticulous techniques to image the barriers in humans and experimental animals, followed by cutting-edge molecular techniques to study the BBB and novel models to study the barriers, and it concludes with techniques for the delivery of therapeutic agents across the BBB. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, protocol chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and up-to-date, The Blood-Brain and Other Neural Barriers: Reviews and Protocols will aid the research efforts of not only graduate students but also more experienced investigators and support future studies of these vital systems.

Download or read book The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.

Download or read book Blood Brain Barrier written by Tatiana Barichello and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2019-02-04 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on experimental research with applicable models to study physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This book is organized into six parts: Part One is an overview of the physiology of BBB; Part Two explores in vitro cell models to study the BBB; Part Three discusses techniques in vivo and ex vivo models to evaluate BBB in Drosophila melanogaster, Zebrafish, and rodents; Part Four looks at permeability, influx, efflux transportation, and drug delivery through the BBB; Part Five talks about various invasive and non-invasive imaging techniques to study BBB; and Part Six describes how molecular biomarkers are used to look at the integrity or dysfunction of the BBB. In Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your laboratory. Cutting-edge and thorough, Blood-Brain Barrier is a valuable resource to aid both novice and experienced investigators with performing experiments using new and classic translational approaches.

Download or read book The Blood Retinal Barriers written by José Cunha-Vaz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of a blood retinal barrier is still relatively new in the ophthalmic literature. fuereas work on the blood-brain barrier was initiated in the first decade of this century, the blood retinal barrier has only recently been defined. Information accu mulated during the last 10 years has shown that the function of the blood-ocular barriers may be better understood if two main barrier systems are considered to exist in the eye. The blood-aqueous barrier regulates the exchanges between the blood and the intraocu lar fluids, and the blood-retinal barrier separates the neural tissue from the blood. Recent studies have shown that the blood-retinal barrier plays a fundamental role in controlling the microenvironment of the retina. Similarly, the significance of the blood-retinal barrier in retinal disease has become increasingly clear. Fluorescein angiography has demonstrated an intricate series of relationships between altera tions of the blood-retinal barrier and diverse retinal diseases, particularly vascular retinopathies and pigment epitheliopathies. Finally, in the past few years, vitreous fluorophotometry has pro vided a new and accurate index of the alteration of the blood-retinal barrier."

Download or read book Physiology and Pharmacology of the Blood Brain Barrier written by Michael W.B. Bradbury and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The blood-brain barrier is still not completely understood and therefore the subject of fascinating study. How are endogenous substances transported through the blood-brain barrier? What are the known therapeutic and toxic agents? How are they transported across cerebral microvessels? The discussion of these and other questions with far-reaching consequences for all neuroscientists can be found in this volume. This authoritative and up-to-date review of the blood-brain barrier gives a proper understanding of the topic. The experimental principles, the results of very recent research, as well as the implications that experimental research has for clinical treatment are thoroughly covered. Information is given on: - new findings based on classical physiological and pharmacological techniques, - results obtained from brain capillaries in vitro and in culture, - results obtained from the new scanning techniques (PET and MRI), - the immunology of the blood-brain barrier, - trace metal transport, - the pathological breakdown of the barrier and - the modification of drugs to increase their entry into the brain. Here is a source of information that is invaluable to specialists concerned with basic research in the neurosciences, with the design of neuropharmacological agents, with the radiological diagnosis of cerebral pathology or with the treatment of cerebral lesions!

Download or read book Ocular Transporters and Receptors written by Ashim K Mitra and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocular transporters and receptors contains detailed descriptions of major transporters and receptors expressed in the eye, with special emphasis on their role in drug delivery. The complex anatomy and the existence of multiple barriers in the eye pose a considerable challenge to successful drug delivery to the eye. Hence ocular transporters and receptors are important targets for drug delivery. A significant advancement has been made in the field of ocular transport research and their role in drug delivery. In this book the cutting edge research being carried out in this field is compiled and summarized. The book focuses on key areas, including the anatomy and physiology of the eye, biology of ocular transporters and receptors, techniques in characterization of transporters and receptors, transporters and receptors in the anterior and posterior segment in the eye, the role of ocular transporters and receptors in drug delivery, and transporter-metabolism interplay in the eye. - Highly focused on ocular transporters - Most up-to-date research compilation - Detailed description of role of transporters and receptors in ocular drug discovery and delivery

Download or read book Pharmacology of Ocular Therapeutics written by Thirumurthy Velpandian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-29 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises an integrated review of ocular therapeutics across all relevant fields. It addresses the real-world requirements of ophthalmologists, pharmacists and optometrists, as observed through working alongside these practitioners for two decades. Knowledge surrounding agents used in ophthalmic practice has, historically, been scattered. The book facilitates understanding of ocular drug therapy by compiling all key aspects of the pharmacology, toxicology, pharmaceutical science, ocular biochemistry and cell biology of these agents. Chapters detail drug transfer across barriers, systemic toxicity of topically applied drugs, autonomic drugs used for diagnostics, as well as anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, glaucoma and antimicrobial therapies, and avenues for the development of new ocular drugs. Applications of extemporaneously prepared formulations are described to inform day-to-day clinical practice. The use of mucoadhesive polymers in tear substitutes, ocular drug delivery systems, stem cell therapy, pharmacogenomics and antiangiogenic ocular chemotherapy are also explored. The book also provides insights from drugs of herbal origin, and a historical perspective on drugs for ocular use. Practicing and resident ophthalmologists, optometrists, pharmacists, nursing professionals, scholars in ocular drug research and students will equally benefit from this comprehensive guide.

Download or read book Ocular Drug Delivery Systems written by Deepak Thassu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug discovery for ocular diseases has taken great strides in the last two decades. From cornea to choroid, new drugs have been formulated to address a great variety of ocular diseases. Yet without good drug delivery systems, these drugs are less effective than they might be or could even cause serious side effects. Ocular Drug Delivery Systems: Ba

Download or read book Retinal Angiography and Optical Coherence Tomography written by J. Fernando Arévalo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-02 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OCT is a relatively new imaging technique that is becoming increasingly popular among ophthalmologists in both private and academic settings. Imaging has been a slow moving area in ophthalmology for some time, but now OCT is providing another, more detailed source of demonstrable change in the eye, in diagnostic, therapeutic or post-surgical setting. OCT and ultrasound both measure advancing disease states and post surgical healing. The difference is that OCT shows more subtle changes, particularly post-surgically.

Download or read book High Resolution Imaging in Microscopy and Ophthalmology written by Josef F. Bille and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides a comprehensive overview of the application of the newest laser and microscope/ophthalmoscope technology in the field of high resolution imaging in microscopy and ophthalmology. Starting by describing High-Resolution 3D Light Microscopy with STED and RESOLFT, the book goes on to cover retinal and anterior segment imaging and image-guided treatment and also discusses the development of adaptive optics in vision science and ophthalmology. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the reader will learn about the latest developments and most up to date technology in the field and how these translate to a medical setting. High Resolution Imaging in Microscopy and Ophthalmology – New Frontiers in Biomedical Optics has been written by leading experts in the field and offers insights on engineering, biology, and medicine, thus being a valuable addition for scientists, engineers, and clinicians with technical and medical interest who would like to understand the equipment, the applications and the medical/biological background. Lastly, this book is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Gerhard Zinser, co-founder of Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, a scientist, a husband, a brother, a colleague, and a friend.

Download or read book Handbook of Nutrition Diet and the Eye written by Victor R Preedy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and the Eye, Second Edition, thoroughly addresses common features and etiological factors on how dietary and nutritional factors affect the eye. The ocular system is perhaps one of the least studied organs in diet and nutrition, yet the consequences of vision loss are devastating. There are a range of ocular defects that have either their origin in nutritional deficiencies/excess or have been shown to respond favorably to nutritional components. Featuring a new section on animal model studies where both the ocular problem and dietary remedies can be varied, there are also new chapters on dietary supplements. - Serves as a foundational collection for neuroscience, neurology and nutrition researchers, illustrating the importance of nutrition and diet in eye health and function - Provides a common language for readers to discuss how nutritional factors and related diseases and syndromes affect the eye - Features new chapters on infectious diseases of the eye where nutrition is a factor - Discusses animal model studies, dietary supplements, natural dietary extracts from around the world, and age-related changes in ocular health

Download or read book Taurine 11 written by Jianmin Hu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-29 with total page 1050 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers a selection of original articles and critical reviews presented at the 21st International Taurine Meeting, held in Shenyang, China in May 2018, which discussed and disseminated the latest findings on taurine, especially in human life. The book is divided into eight parts, which respectively address: Taurine and Metabolism, Taurine and Nutrition, Taurine and Organ Dysfunction, Taurine and Heart Health, Taurine and Anti-cancer, Taurine and Anti-oxidation / Anti-microbial, Taurine and Neuroprotection, and Taurine and Anti-inflammatory. These latest discoveries concerning the functions and advantageous effects of taurine on the health of various human body systems will not only advance the treatment of human diseases and the quality of human life, but also promote further research into the applications of taurine in human health.

Download or read book Drug Transporters in Drug Disposition Effects and Toxicity written by Xiaodong Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-30 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides with a comprehensive overview of the role of drug transporters in drug disposition and efficacy/toxicity, as well as drug-drug interactions and recent advances in the field. Transporters are known determinants of drug disposition and efficacy/toxicity. In general, they are divided into solute carrier (SLC) and ATP binding cassette (ABC) families, and are located along cell membranes, where they mediate drug uptake into cells and export out of cells. Drug transporters are essential in maintaining cell homeostasis, and their gene mutations may cause or contribute to severe human genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, neurological disease, retinal degeneration, anemia, and cholesterol and bile transport defects. Conversely, some diseases may also alter transporter functions and expressions, in turn aggravating disease process. Further, since over-expression of some ABC transporters is a potential contributor to multidrug-resistance (MDR), the book presents a number of strategies to overcome MDR, including ABC transporter inhibitors and applying epigenetic methods to modulate transporter expressions and functions. This book is useful for graduate students and professionals who are looking to refresh or expand their knowledge of this exciting field.

Download or read book Blood Brain Barriers written by Rolf Dermietzel and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first handbook to integrate developmental and cellular aspects combining the different structural and functional features involved in the regulation of brain perfusion and neuronal function. It highlights pharmacological and biomedical applications with sections on drug delivery and disease-related states as well as explaining in detail the role of astrocytes, shown to be an essential link between neurons and cerebral blood vessels. In addition the book studies how the structural elements interact in response to the dynamics of neuronal activities, necessitating adaptive mechanism of the interface. A significant part of the book describes new approaches to how the barrier can be surmised for drug delivery and how it can be mimicked by artificial in vitro systems for drug testing. Finally, the involvement of the barrier in brain diseases is considered, focusing on inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders of the brain. Covering basic knowledge as well as specific information dealing with very recent progress in blood-brain interface research, this book is of interest to neurobiologists, neurologists, biochemists, and pharmacologists.