Download or read book The Biogeography of Oregon White Oak Quercus Garryana in Central Oregon written by Robert Allen Voeks and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Oregon Oak written by United States. Forest Service and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Bibliography for Quercus Garryana and Other Geographically Associated and Botanically Related Oaks written by Constance A. Harrington and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stand Structures of Oregon White Oak Quercus Garryana Woodlands and Their Relationships to the Environment in Southwestern Oregon written by Laurie A. Gilligan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large areas of non-coniferous communities in southwestern Oregon are thinned to reduce fire hazard and accomplish ecosystem restoration, under the assumption that current fuel loads are unnaturally high. Although Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) woodlands are a characteristic landscape component in this region, little is known about their current or historical stand structures. Managers lack information on which to base restoration-focused fuel reduction prescriptions. I inventoried 40 Oregon white oak dominated woodlands across 2 study areas in southwestern Oregon, and describe here their stand characteristics and age structures. I assessed whether these varied systematically with site conditions or recorded fire history. Stands included various proportions of single- and multiple-stemmed trees and a range of tree densities and diameter- and age-class distributions. Variables that may indicate site moisture status were weakly associated with multivariate gradients in stand structure, and fire history also appeared related to several stand structures. Peak establishment of living Oregon white oaks generally occurred during 1850-1890, sometimes occurred in the early 1900's, and recruitment rates were low post-fire suppression. Recruitment of sapling-sized oak trees (

Download or read book Silvical Characteristics of Oregon White Oak written by Roy R. Silen and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Shade and Planting Date on Oregon White Oak Quercus Garryana Seedlings written by Susan Papanikolas and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Synecology of the White oak written by John Fredrick Thilenius and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quercus garryana dominated plant communities are found in the interior coastal valleys and on foothills from southeastern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, south to San Francisco, California. They occur as savannas, intermixed with a variety of conifers, and in almost pure stands. The diversity of habitats occupied by the species and the variety of vegetation associated with it provide an opportunity for a basic synecological investigation of plant communities having a common, important member. The study was designed to describe the floristic composition and structure of the Quercus garryana communities, to determine their ecological relation to the physical environment, and clarify successional status. It provides a framework for future autecological investigations of the component species and is directed at furnishing a fuller understanding of the synecology of an important segment of the vegetation of western Oregon. Two levels of sampling were used during the study. The first was a rapidly applied, qualitative method. This reconnaissance technique was designed to provide an assessment of dominance, size-class distribution, and composition of the species comprising the vegetation. Information on influential habitat factors was also obtained. Sampling at this level enabled the examination of many stands, provided a record of each stand, and served as the basis for the selection of stands for more quantitative sampling. One hundred forty stands were examined during the reconnaissance phase of the study. Subjective evaluation of these stands supported by an analysis using marginal punch cards determined that only a few species were dominating the tall shrub and low shrub-herbaceous layers of the understory and that certain combinations of these dominant species were being repeated geographically through the study area. The second sampling phase was based on the reconnaissance information and was designed to provide a quantitative record of the species complexes or plant communities delineated during reconnaissance. This method was applicable by a single investigator and measured the dominance, frequency, size distribution, and density of tree species; and the percent coverage and percent frequency of shrubs, herbs, and grasses. Soil profile descriptions were made in each stand where the vegetation was quantitatively sampled. Salient features of the physical environment were also recorded as were indications of past and present land uses. Forty seven stands were sampled. Quercus garryana was the cverstory tree dominant in all of these stands. The understory pecies were found to fall into four major communities. From mesic to xeric these were: the Corylus cornuta/Polystichum munitum community, the Prunus avium/Symphoricarpos albus community, the Amelanchier alnifolia/Symphoricarpos albus community, and the Rhus diversiloba community. These communities were named for the species usually dominating the tall shrub and low shrub layers. Seven soil series served as the substrate of these communities; Steiwer, Carlton, Peavine, Dixonville, Nekia, Olympic, and Amity. The understory plant communities of the Quercus forest show considerable variation and intergradation. Changes are a matter of shifts in species dominance rather than alterations in species composition. The absence of environmental extremes in the Willamette Valley and heavy present and historical land use have increased this intergradation. The presence of large, open-form Quercus garryana trees surrounded by smaller forest-form trees indicates that the present Quercus forests have developed from a savanna. The cause of this change in gross physiognomy is probably the control of the repeated ground fires which swept the pre-settlement savanna. Mature Quercus trees are not harmed by ground fires, but such fires would tend to keep dense reproduction from occurring. The present abundance of Rhus diversiloba in the under story may be directly related to heavy livestock grazing. The interconnected root system of ground cover and liana-form Rhus provides the species with a grazing resistance mechanism. The liana Rhus is out of reach of grazing animals. Photosynthate transferred from the liana to the ground cover plants would aid the latter in retaining vigor even under heavy grazing pressure. Thus it would have an advantage over other plants that were also being grazed, eventually becoming the ground layer dominant. Both Pseudotsuga menziesii and Acer macrophyllum appear to be successional to Quercus garryana. Acer is better adapted to mesic sites than Quercus. Pseudotsuga will succeed Quercus on less mesic sites. The successional trends are promoted by livestock grazing which opens up the ground layer and facilitates seedling establishment especially for Pseudotsuga. On some sites Prunus avium, an introduced species, is becoming part of the overstory canopy. It reproduces vigorously in its own shade and will become an important member of the Quercus forest in the future. Quercus garryana reproduction was more abundant on drier, exposed sites and the species seems to be able to perpetuate itself on these locations.

Download or read book General Technical Report PNW GTR written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Implications of Urbanization and Climate Change for Oregon White Oak Quercus Garryana Regeneration Planning and Management in the Pacific Northwest written by Julia Michalak and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land-cover and climate change pose significant challenges to ecological planning and management. Ecological responses to these changes are mediated by the interactions between landscape structure, biodiversity, and ecosystem function. I use a case study of Oregon white oak in the rapidly urbanizing coastal Pacific Northwest to explore these interactions and their implications for planning. Biodiversity changes dramatically as urban development intensifies. Yet the subsequent impacts on ecological functions remain relatively unexplored. I hypothesize that urbanization alters the community composition of acorn-dispersing animal species, and that this, in conjunction with fine-scaled habitat and foraging interactions, will generate unique dispersal and regeneration patterns in urban oak woodlands. I tracked the dispersal of individual acorns directly to test whether dispersal differs in urban and non-urban landscapes and used experimental acorn plantings and observations of seedling and sapling abundance to test whether urbanization influences later stages of oak regeneration. I found that more acorns were consumed and dispersal distances were shorter in urban oak woodlands making acorn dispersal services inferior to those in non-urban landscapes. Seedling production and abundance did not differ between urban and non-urban sites, although young saplings were less abundant in urban oak woodlands. Understanding the effects of landscape patterns on regeneration processes is essential for learning how to manage urban oak ecosystems. Due to their complexity, understanding how ecological systems will respond to climate change is highly uncertain. I evaluate potential climate impacts on Oregon white oak in the Willamette Valley using a range of information sources to identify consensus, uncertainty, and knowledge gaps in our understanding of oak vulnerability. Based on this assessment, I develop resource response scenarios to incorporate irreducible uncertainty directly into the planning process and identify flexible and robust adaptation strategies for oak management. As land-cover and climate changes intensify, ecological planning practice must expand to include human-dominated landscapes, such as urbanizing regions, productively. In addition, management plans must be flexible and robust to future uncertainties. Understanding the ecological implications of these changes, and developing appropriate management and adaptation strategies, are essential tasks for ecological planners in the next century.

Download or read book Planting Native Oak in the Pacific Northwest written by Warren D. Devine and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extent of oak woodland and savanna habitat in the Pacific Northwest has been dramatically reduced since settlement in the mid-1800s. This report presents a practical guide for landowners and managers who are interested in reestablishing native oak by planting seedlings. Keys to successful establishment are (1) planting quality seedlings, (2) controlling competing vegetation to increase soil water availability, and (3) protecting seedings from animal damage. A variety of effective cultural treatments, including mulch and tree shelters, are described in detail. Although early growth rates of planted oak seedlings are quite variable, even within the same site, this variation decreases over time after the seedlings become established.

Download or read book Oregon White Oak Utilization Study written by Bob J. Platz and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Landscape Alternatives for Managing Oak at Tenalquot Prairie Washington written by United States Department of Agriculture and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-06-26 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, interest has increased in restoring Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.) and prairie landscapes in the Pacific Northwest, especially where elements of historical plant communities are intact. We evaluated the effect of alternative management scenarios on the extent and condition of Oregon white oak, the extent of prairie, and the harvest and standing volumes of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) within a 2934-ha portion of Fort Lewis, Washington (named the Tenalquot Planning Area for the purpose of the project). A landscape-level analysis of the scenarios was completed using a geographic information system, a forest growth model (ORGANON), and landscape visualization software (EnVision). The scenarios ranged from no active management to restoration of the historical extent of oak and prairies within the planning area. The results indicate that the window of opportunity for restoring oak and prairie landscapes in the Puget Sound lowlands and other regions is small, and aggressive management is needed to maintain or enhance these landscapes. The project demonstrates the value of landscape-level analyses and the use of new technologies for conveying the results of alternative management scenarios.

Download or read book Conserving Avian Diversity in Agricultural Systems written by Craig A. DeMars and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over one third of the earth's land surface has been modified to some extent for agricultural purposes. The large global footprint of agriculture, combined with the knowledge that existing reserve networks are likely insufficient for long-term conservation of native biodiversity, has necessitated that agricultural systems contribute to conservation of native biota. Current research paradigms have taken a landscape-level view of conservation in agricultural systems, assessing the relative contribution that various habitat elements make in conserving biodiversity in the agricultural matrix. Within this context, I investigated the potential role that individual Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) trees play in conserving avian diversity in the agricultural systems of the Willamette Valley, Oregon, U.S.A. Retained by landowners primarily for cultural reasons, many of these trees pre-date Euro-American settlement of the Willamette Valley and thus are biological legacies from historic white oak habitats. I compared avian use of isolated white oak trees in three different site contexts - croplands, pastures, and oak savanna reserves - and used an information-theoretic model selection approach to determine the relative importance of site-specific and landscape-level factors thought to influence avian use of these individual trees. Specifically, I tested whether avian species presence on Oregon white oak legacy trees could best be explained by: (i) tree architecture; (ii) the distance of the tree to the nearest tree or patch; (iii) the density of trees in the surrounding landscape; or (iv) the matrix in which the tree was embedded. I evaluated species-specific responses as well as four community-level responses: (i) total bird species richness; (ii) species richness of native birds associated with oak savanna; (iii) species richness of tree foraging birds; and (iv) the combined species richness of aerial- and ground-foraging birds. I sampled 35 individual white oak trees and recorded 47 avian species using these individual trees, including a high number of oak savanna-associated species such White-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta carolinensis) and Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina). For the majority of these species, the frequency of use of individual oak trees was similar among crop, pasture and reserve sites. The most important factors for predicting avian use were tree size and tree density in the surrounding landscape. In general, avian use increased with increasing tree size and decreasing tree density. My findings suggest that individual white oak legacy trees have the potential to positively contribute to landscape-level conservation of a wide range of avian species within the Willamette Valley. Due to the declining abundance of white oak legacy trees on the landscape, the conservation of existing legacy trees and the recruitment of younger replacement trees should be a management priority.

Download or read book Complex Mutualism in an Oregon White Oak Woodland written by Jonathan L. Frank and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stand and Tree Growth Characteristics of Quercus Garryana and Quercus Kelloggi Woodlands in Northwestern California written by Madelinn R. Schriver and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) and California black oak (Q. kelloggii) woodlands are unique ecosystems in the Pacific West that support high levels of biodiversity, yet little is known about their current and historic stand establishment patterns, nor the variability of stand structure and its effect on oak-tree growth. With concerns of local extirpation due to native Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) encroachment, my research objectives were to characterize the variability of age and stand structure, current tree regeneration, and oak growth in 10 mixed oak-conifer woodlands from xeric to mesic site conditions in the North Coast region of California. Each site varied from open canopy oak-dominant woodland to closed canopy conifer-dominant forest. Most white and black oak trees established from 1850 to 1910 with minimal (

Download or read book Rediscovering the Golden State written by William A. Selby and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its fourth edition, Rediscovering the Golden State: California Geography examines this unique state’s incredibly diverse landscapes, and how geography and geographic change influences everything from the state’s natural systems and cycles, to its agriculture and more advanced industries, to human migration, cultures, and urban planning. Exploring California through a geographic lens reveals how the field has evolved to cross traditional boundaries, connect local and global issues, and provide the insights that lead to practical solutions to problems new and old. Challenging the reader to look beyond stereotypes and assumptions, this book encourages active participation in planning the state’s dynamic future. And this project makes teaching and learning about the geography of California more convenient, exciting, and rewarding for instructors and students. Going beyond a scientific analysis of natural features and environmental processes, this book illustrates how social, political, and economic divides can be bridged through the study of geography and the connections it brings to light. From geology, weather and climate, biogeography, and hydrology, we cover the state’s physical geography. And from demography and migration, to cultures and economies, to rural and urban geography, we monitor the state’s human geography pulse and then make the vital connections. California continues to lead the nation in population, economics (5th largest in the world), agriculture, natural and cultural diversity, and a host of other categories. This powerful state has earned this powerful publication. This timely and versatile book will prove useful to Californians in business, education, government, and to concerned citizens and curious readers seeking to learn more about the Golden State.

Download or read book A Landowner s Guide for Restoring and Managing Oregon White Oak Habitats written by David Vesely and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The primary purpose of this Guide is to encourage private landowners to conserve, and when appropriate, actively manage Oregon white oaks that already exist on their property, and consider planting additional oaks. In the early chapters of the Guide, we describe some of the uses and benefits of this remarkable tree in hopes of motivating landowners to take action. An introduction to the ecology of the Oregon white oak is included so the reader can better understand how management practices are founded on aspects of the tree's biology. Later chapters are designed to help landowners develop land management goals and understand the process of natural resource planning."--Page 2.