Download or read book The Biogeography and Age of Salticid Spider Radiations with the Introduction of a New African Group Araneae Salticidae written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally dispersed, jumping spiders (Salticidae) are species-rich and morphologically diverse. I use both penalized likelihood (PL) and Bayesian methods to create the first dated phylogeny for Salticidae generated with a broad geographic sampling and including fauna from the Afrotropics. The most notable result of the phylogeny concerns the placement of many Central and West African forest species into a single clade, which I informally name the thiratoscirtines. I identify a large Afro-Eurasian clade that includes the Aelurilloida, Plexippoida, the Philaeus group, the Hasarieae/Heliophaninae clade and the Leptorchesteae (APPHHL clade). The APPHHL clade may also include the Euophryinae. The region specific nature of the thiratoscirtine clade supports past studies, which show major salticid groups are confined or mostly confined to Afro-Eurasia, Australasia or the New World. The regional isolation of major salticid clades is concordant with my dating analysis, which shows the family evolved in the Eocene, a time when these three regions were isolated from each other. I date the age of Salticidae to be between 55.2 Ma (PL) and 50.1 Ma (Bayesian). At this time the earth was warmer with expanded megathermal forests and diverse with insect herbivores. The two oldest region-specific clades are the South American Amycoida (41.1 Ma PL and 33.4 Ma Bayesian) and the Afro-Eurasian APPHHL clade (44.5 Ma PL and 33.8 Ma Bayesian), while the Australasian "core" astioids are younger (36.9 Ma PL and 27.3 Ma Bayesian). Mixing of fauna from isolated regions has been limited as large clades are geographically restricted, yet some more recent long-range dispersal events, such as the arrival of the genus Habronattus to the New World, have occurred.
Download or read book A New Genus of Ant mimicking Salticid Spider from Africa Araneae Salticidae Leptorchestinae written by Helena Wanda Wesołowska and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biology of Spiders written by Rainer Foelix and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-05-05 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the only books to treat the whole spider, from its behavior and physiology to its neurobiology and reproductive characteristics, Biology of Spiders is considered a classic in spider literature. First published in German in 1979, the book is now in its third edition, and has established itself as the supreme authority on these fascinating creatures. Containing five hundred new references, this book incorporates the latest research while dispelling many oft-heard myths and misconceptions that surround spiders. Of special interest are chapters on the structure and function of spider webs and silk, as well as those on spider venom. A new subchapter on tarantulas will appeal especially to tarantula keepers and breeders. The highly accessible text is supplemented by exceptional, high-quality photographs, many of them originals, and detailed diagrams. It will be of interest to arachnologists, entomologists, and zoologists, as well as to academics, students of biology, and the general reader curious about spiders.
Download or read book Spider Research in the 21st Century written by David Penney and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result is a great increase in multi-disciplinary research and novel avenues incorporating spiders as model organisms.
Download or read book A Revision of the Spider Genus Cyrba Araneae Salticidae with the Description of a New Presumptive Pheromone Dispersing Organ written by F. R. Wanless and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behaviour and Ecology of Spiders written by Carmen Viera and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-02 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the last few decades, arachnology in the Neotropical region has experienced a great development filling the knowledge gap in one of the most diverse regions of the world. Nevertheless, large geographical areas remain poorly sampled, especially within the Amazon, and new genera and species have been continuously discovered, even in urban areas. In congruence with the recent improvements in research, several aspects of the ecology, behaviour and natural history of spiders, such as interactions with other predators and parasitoids, social interactions, dispersal patterns, habitat requirements, mating behaviors, among others, are being carefully investigated. These recent contributions incorporate substantial information on the preexisting knowledge on these subjects every year. Our main objective with this book is to present a summary on these new researches and on the currently knowledge on the main subjects involved in the general theme, emphasizing the contribution of the rich fauna of the Neotropical region to the research of behaviour and ecology of the spiders.
Download or read book Advances in Arachnology and Developmental Biology written by Slobodan E. Makarov and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fossil Spiders written by David Penney and published by Siri Scientific Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compared to insects, fossil spiders have received only scant attention in the literature. Previously, the only works available were numerous scientific papers, many published in foreign languages. Most of these are basic descriptive taxonomic works, with very few considering broader biological concepts. Despite a significant increase in the discovery and description of fossil spiders within the last quarter Century this void remained unfilled. Thus, this short monograph aims to achieve several objectives. Firstly, to provide general and up to date background information on the overall importance and diversity of fossils spiders, including an indication of those groups for which the taxonomy is spurious and in need of reassessment. Secondly, to discuss the techniques available for working with fossil spiders and some of the problems encountered by palaeoarachnologists, including bias and limitations of the spider fossil record. Thirdly, the overall evolutionary history of spiders is summarized in the form of an evolutionary tree, which is subsequently used to address key issues of broad interest, such as origins, diversifications and extinctions, including the effects of mass extinctions and predator-prey co-radiations. Finally, the contribution that fossil data can make to understanding the past and present biogeography of the order is considered. This book should be of interest to both amateur and professional arachnologists and palaeontologists and will also serve as a general palaeontological reference work for neonologists studying extant spiders.
Download or read book The Great American Biotic Interchange written by Francis G. Stehli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two rather different elements combine to explain the origin of this volume: one scientific and one personal. The broader of the two is the scientific basis-the time for such a volume had arrived. Geology had made remarkable progress toward an understanding of the phys ical history of the Caribbean Basin for the last 100 million years or so. On the biological side, many new discoveries had elucidated the distributional history of terrestrial orga nisms in and between the two Americas. Geological and biological data had been combined to yield the timing of important events with unprecedented resolution. Clearly, when each of two broad disciplines is making notable advances and when each provides new insights for the other, the rewards of cross-disciplinary contacts increase exponentially. The present volume represents an attempt to bring together a group of geologists, paleontologists and biologists capable of exploiting this opportunity through presentation of an interdisciplinary synthesis of evidence and hypothesis concerning interamerican connections during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic. Advances in plate tectonics form the basis for a modern synthesis and, in the broadest terms, dictate the framework within which the past and present distributions of organisms must be interpreted. Any scientific dis cipline must seek tests of its conclusions from data outside of its own confines.
Download or read book Euophrys thorelli Kulcznski Araneae written by R. Snazell and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spiders and Their Kin written by Herbert W. Levi and published by Golden Guides from St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is best viewed on a color device. Enjoy and Learn! Expert Knowledge! Easy-to-Read! This introduction to the diverse yet little known world of spiders is packed with concise, accurate information. With full-color pictures and readable text, this guide identifies representative species and describes: Their characteristics and habits Growth, courtship and enemies Where they are found Includes information on poisonous species and how to collect, preserve, and raise spiders.
Download or read book New World Tarantulas written by Fernando Pérez-Miles and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Theraphosidae are the most famous and diverse mygalomorph spiders, and include some of the largest arachnids on earth. Their unique defense mechanisms, predatory tactics, reproductive strategies and ecological adaptations are displayed by a wide range of terrestrial, burrowing and arboreal species. These arachnids are familiar to the general public thanks to horror movies and a growing interest in tarantulas as pets; however, scientific information on the group is scattered throughout the literature and not easily available. This book reviews all major aspects of New World Theraphosid tarantulas and provides in-depth information on their evolution, taxonomy, behavior, physiology, ecology, reproduction, conservation and biogeography. As a comprehensive guide to the biology of tarantulas, it will appeal to researchers, students and terrarium hobbyists alike.
Download or read book Monograph of the Salticidae Araneae of the world written by Jerzy Prószyński and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pictorial indexes, keys and taxonomic revisions. Contains 5476 species, 11794 drawings, 1007 photos, 494 maps.
Download or read book Riceland Spiders of South and Southeast Asia written by A. T. Barrion and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1995 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work, which represents a major contribution to the literature for those interested in spiders or more generally in biological control and crop protection. Spiders are among the most omnipresent and numerous predators in both agricultural and natural ecosystems, and without them insect pest populations would go out of control. Their potential as biological control agents can only be appreciated though a greater understanding of their abundance and species composition in different ecological systems. There is a great need for literature providing guidance on spider identification. This volume provides a comprehensive illustrated guide to the spider fauna of rice in South and Southeast Asia. It is designed to be used by both specialists and novices.The majority of the species covered were collected from a diversity of habitats in the Philippines. The bulk of the book consists of keys to the identification of families, genera, and species of Philippine spiders, illustrated by more than 1,000 line drawings, and 92 color photographs. A total of 341 species belonging to 134 genera within 26 families are recognized. Of these, 257 species and 8 genera are new to science. Also provided are distribution maps for individual species and a classification scheme for Philippine riceland spiders.
Download or read book The Biology of Camel Spiders written by Fred Punzo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My initial interest in the Solifugae (camel-spiders) stems from an incident that occurred in the summer of 1986. I was studying the behavioral ecology of spider wasps of the genus Pepsis and their interactions with their large theraphosid (tarantula) spider hosts, in the Chihuahuan Desert near Big Bend National Park, Texas. I was monitoring a particular tarantula burrow one night when I noticed the resident female crawl up into the burrow entrance. Hoping to take some photographs of prey capture, I placed a cricket near the entrance and waited for the spider to pounce. Suddenly, out of the comer of my eye appeared a large, rapidly moving yellowish form which siezed the cricket and quickly ran off with it until it disappeared beneath a nearby mesquite bush. So suddenly and quickly had the sequence of events occurred, that I found myself momentarily startled. With the aid of a headlamp I soon located the intruder, a solifuge, who was already busy at work macerating the insect with its large chelicerae (jaws). When I attempted to nudge it with the edge of my forceps, it quickly moved to another location beneath the bush. When I repeated this maneuver, the solifuge dropped the cricket and lunged at the forceps, gripping them tightly in its jaws, refusing to release them until they were forcefully pulled away.
Download or read book Rapid Biological Assessments of the Nakanai Mountains and the Upper Strickland Basin written by Stephen J. Richards and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nakanai Mountains and Muller Range in Papua New Guinea are regions of spectacular natural beauty. They are best known for their karst environments, extensive cave systems that have long attracted enthusiastic explorers. These remote forest-covered mountains have been included on the World Heritage Tentative List since 2006 but until now information on their flora and fauna was incomplete, making conservation planning difficult. This book presents the results of three surveys conducted in 2008 and 2009 that collected data on birds, mammals, herpetofauna, and selected invertebrate species, and makes specific conservation recommendations for these unique karst environments.
Download or read book The Spiders of China written by Daxiang Song and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
