Download or read book The Assessment and Treatment of Individuals with History of Traumatic Brain Injury and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder a Systematic Review of the Evidence written by U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been defined as trauma to the head that results in a decreased level of consciousness, amnesia, other neurologic or neuropsychologic abnormalities, skull fractures, intracranial lesions, or death. TBI can be caused by penetrating trauma or by blunt force, including acceleration/deceleration forces that cause the brain to collide with the skull. Blunt force TBI is typically classified by level of severity, most commonly differentiated as mild, moderate, or severe. The vast majority of civilian patients that are hospitalized for TBI are diagnosed with mild TBI (mTBI). While a similar ratio specific to soldiers or veterans is not readily available, mTBI is also prevalent in this population. Personnel engaged in the current military operations, Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF), are sustaining mTBI at unprecedented rates. One commonly referenced report estimated that nearly 20%, or 300,000, OEF/OIF veterans had sustained a TBI during deployment, many of these being mTBI. There has been much political and media interest in the rates of mTBI associated with the current conflicts. While most of those who sustain mTBI do not experience ongoing symptoms, a minority of individuals will experience some psychosocial, mental, and/or physical health problems. Thus, there is major concern across veteran healthcare providers, particularly the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD), regarding the identification and care of mTBI. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent and pernicious mental health problem with significant costs to the individual and society. It is an anxiety disorder characterized by avoidance behaviors, physiological hyperarousal, and re-experiencing symptoms following exposure to a traumatic event. VA and DoD healthcare providers are now facing a large population of OEF/OIF veterans who have sustained TBI, particularly mTBI, and also suffer from PTSD. However, the long-term health outcomes of individuals who have received diagnoses of both TBI and PTSD (TBI/ PTSD), especially mTBI and PTSD (mTBI/PTSD), are poorly understood. There is concern that current evidence-based practices to define, identify, and treat mTBI and PTSD may be less accurate and/or effective when the conditions co-occur. Thus, there is a need to develop an evidence base and identify best practices for patients with this co-diagnosis. The objective of this evidence synthesis report was to systematically review and summarize the published literature that addresses the epidemiology, assessment, and treatment of adults with mTBI/PTSD. While the epidemiologic review compares prevalence estimates of PTSD across all TBI severity levels, so as to examine any potential differences in prevalence by TBI severity, the assessment and treatment sections of this report were focused on mTBI because of the growing concerns related to this injury in the U.S. military population. We emphasized results most relevant to U.S. military personnel and veterans. We conducted a systematic literature review to address the following key questions: 1) What is the prevalence of comorbid TBI and PTSD? Does the reported prevalence vary by study population, trauma etiology, TBI severity (mild versus moderate and severe), or methods of case ascertainment? 2a) What is the relative accuracy of diagnostic tests used for assessing mTBI when mTBI is comorbid with PTSD? 2b) What is the relative accuracy of diagnostic tests used for assessing PTSD when PTSD is comorbid with mTBI? 3a) Are there psychosocial or pharmacological therapies used for treatment of mTBI and PTSD simultaneously? 3b) Are therapies for treatment of mTBI effective when mTBI is comorbid with PTSD? Is there evidence of harms? 3c) Are therapies for treatment of PTSD effective when PTSD is comorbid with mTBI? Is there evidence of harms?

Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has been disappointingly slow. Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury attempts to integrate expertise from across specialties to address knowledge gaps in the field of TBI. Its chapters cover a wide scope of TBI research in five broad areas: Epidemiology Pathophysiology Diagnosis Current treatment strategies and sequelae Future therapies Specific topics discussed include the societal impact of TBI in both the civilian and military populations, neurobiology and molecular mechanisms of axonal and neuronal injury, biomarkers of traumatic brain injury and their relationship to pathology, neuroplasticity after TBI, neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapy, advanced neuroimaging of mild TBI, neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms following mild TBI, sports-related TBI, epilepsy and PTSD following TBI, and more. The book integrates the perspectives of experts across disciplines to assist in the translation of new ideas to clinical practice and ultimately to improve the care of the brain injured patient.

Download or read book Evaluation of the Disability Determination Process for Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) provides disability compensation to veterans with a service-connected injury, and to receive disability compensation from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), a veteran must submit a claim or have a claim submitted on his or her behalf. Evaluation of the Disability Determination Process for Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans reviews the process by which the VA assesses impairments resulting from traumatic brain injury for purposes of awarding disability compensation. This report also provides recommendations for legislative or administrative action for improving the adjudication of veterans' claims seeking entitlement to compensation for all impairments arising from a traumatic brain injury.

Download or read book Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD written by Patricia A. Resick and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2016-12-26 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The culmination of more than 25 years of clinical work and research, this is the authoritative presentation of cognitive processing therapy (CPT) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Written by the treatment's developers, the book includes session-by-session guidelines for implementation, complete with extensive sample dialogues and 40 reproducible client handouts. It explains the theoretical and empirical underpinnings of CPT and discusses how to adapt the approach for specific populations, such as combat veterans, sexual assault survivors, and culturally diverse clients. The large-size format facilitates photocopying and day-to-day use. Purchasers also get access to a Web page where they can download and print the reproducible materials. CPT is endorsed by the U.S. Departments of Veterans Affairs and Defense, the International Society of Traumatic Stress Studies, and the U.K. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) as a best practice for the treatment of PTSD.

Download or read book Textbook of Traumatic Brain Injury Third Edition written by Jonathan M. Silver, M.D. and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 2018-12-05 with total page 996 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Invisible Wounds of War written by Terri L. Tanielian and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2008 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since October 2001, approximately 1.64 million U.S. troops have been deployed for Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) in Afghanistan and Iraq. Early evidence suggests that the psychological toll of these deployments -- many involving prolonged exposure to combat-related stress over multiple rotations -- may be disproportionately high compared with the physical injuries of combat. In the face of mounting public concern over post-deployment health care issues confronting OEF/OIF veterans, several task forces, independent review groups, and a Presidential Commission have been convened to examine the care of the war wounded and make recommendations. Concerns have been most recently centered on two combat-related injuries in particular: post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury. With the increasing incidence of suicide and suicide attempts among returning veterans, concern about depression is also on the rise. The study discussed in this monograph focuses on post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, and traumatic brain injury, not only because of current high-level policy interest but also because, unlike the physical wounds of war, these conditions are often invisible to the eye, remaining invisible to other servicemembers, family members, and society in general. All three conditions affect mood, thoughts, and behavior; yet these wounds often go unrecognized and unacknowledged. The effect of traumatic brain injury is still poorly understood, leaving a large gap in knowledge related to how extensive the problem is or how to address it. RAND conducted a comprehensive study of the post-deployment health-related needs associated with these three conditions among OEF/OIF veterans, the health care system in place to meet those needs, gaps in the care system, and the costs associated with these conditions and with providing quality health care to all those in need. This monograph presents the results of our study, which should be of interest to mental health treatment providers; health policymakers, particularly those charged with caring for our nation's veterans; and U.S. service men and women, their families, and the concerned public. All the research products from this study are available at http://veterans.rand.org. Data collection for this study began in April 2007and concluded in January 2008. Specific activities included a critical reviewof the extant literature on the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, and traumatic brain injury and their short- and long-term consequences; a population-based survey of service members and veterans who served in Afghanistan or Iraq to assess health status and symptoms, as well asutilization of and barriers to care; a review of existing programs to treat service members and veterans with the three conditions; focus groups withmilitary service members and their spouses; and the development of a microsimulation model to forecast the economic costs of these conditions overtime. Among our recommendations is that effective treatments documented in the scientific literature -- evidence-based care -- are available for PTSD and major depression. Delivery of such care to all veterans with PTSD or majordepression would pay for itself within two years, or even save money, by improving productivity and reducing medical and mortality costs. Such care may also be a cost-effective way to retain a ready and healthy military force for the future. However, to ensure that this care is delivered requires system-level changes across the Department of Defense, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and the U.S. health care system.

Download or read book Brain Neurotrauma written by Firas H. Kobeissy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, an estimated 1.7 million Americans sustain brain injury. Long-term disabilities impact nearly half of moderate brain injury survivors and nearly 50,000 of these cases result in death. Over the last decade, the field of neurotrauma has witnessed significant advances, especially at the molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels. This progress is largely due to the introduction of novel techniques, as well as the development of new animal models of central nervous system (CNS) injury. Brain Neurotrauma: Molecular, Neuropsychological, and Rehabilitation Aspects provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of neurotrauma, including brain injury pathophysiology, biomarker research, experimental models of CNS injury, diagnostic methods, and neurotherapeutic interventions as well as neurorehabilitation strategies in the field of neurotraum research. The book includes several sections on neurotrauma mechanisms, biomarker discovery, neurocognitive/neurobehavioral deficits, and neurorehabilitation and treatment approaches. In addition, a section is devoted to models of mild CNS injury, including blast and sport-related injuries. This book, with its diverse coherent content, is a valuable and comprehensive reference for individuals interested in the diverse and heterogeneous aspects of CNS pathology and/or rehabilitation needs.

Download or read book Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-09-08 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to growing national concern about the number of veterans who might be at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a result of their military service, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to conduct a study on the diagnosis and assessment of, and treatment and compensation for PTSD. An existing IOM committee, the Committee on Gulf War and Health: Physiologic, Psychologic and Psychosocial Effects of Deployment-Related Stress, was asked to conduct the diagnosis, assessment, and treatment aspects of the study because its expertise was well-suited to the task. The committee was specifically tasked to review the scientific and medical literature related to the diagnosis and assessment of PTSD, and to review PTSD treatments (including psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy) and their efficacy. In addition, the committee was given a series of specific questions from VA regarding diagnosis, assessment, treatment, and compensation. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a brief elaboration of the committee's responses to VA's questions, not a detailed discussion of the procedures and tools that might be used in the diagnosis and assessment of PTSD. The committee decided to approach its task by separating diagnosis and assessment from treatment and preparing two reports. This first report focuses on diagnosis and assessment of PTSD. Given VA's request for the report to be completed within 6 months, the committee elected to rely primarily on reviews and other well-documented sources. A second report of this committee will focus on treatment for PTSD; it will be issued in December 2006. A separate committee, the Committee on Veterans' Compensation for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, has been established to conduct the compensation study; its report is expected to be issued in December 2006.

Download or read book Manual of Traumatic Brain Injury written by Felise S. Zollman, MD, FAAN, FAAMA and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-05-28 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Manual provides an excellent road map to the many topics relevant in the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of individuals with TBI. As such, the book can serve either as a fine introduction for the uninitiated or as a valued reference for seasoned clinicians. I highly recommend [it]... Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation This is a stellar quality book that will be beneficial for every member of the multidisciplinary team that is required to treat patients with TBI. It offers a concise but broad and informative view of the disorder, and can serve as an easy-to-read and access primary text. 4 Stars! Doody’s Reviews Now completely revised and updated, Manual of Traumatic Brain Injury:Assessment and Management, Second Edition is a comprehensive evidence-based guide to brain injury diagnosis, treatment, and recovery, delivered in a succinct format designed for targeted access to essential content. This concise text, featuring internationally known contributors drawn from leading TBI programs, is organized into five sections. Part 1 discusses fundamental concepts needed to provide a context for clinical decision-making. Part 2 covers mild TBI, from natural history to sports-related concussion, post-concussion syndrome, and more. Part 3 focuses on moderate to severe TBI and contains chapters on pre-hospital, emergency and ICU care, rehabilitation, community reintegration, management of associated impairments, and post-injury outcomes. Part 4 covers the complications and long-term sequelae that may arise in patients with TBI, including spasticity, movement disorders, posttraumatic seizures, hydrocephalus, behavioral and sleep disturbances, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Part 5 focuses on special considerations and resources, including issues specific to selected populations or injury environments (military, pediatric, workers compensation and older patients), as well as return to work and medico-legal issues in TBI. Comprehensively updated to reflect the current state of the art in this rapidly evolving field, this book is a must-have for neurologists, physiatrists, primary care physicians, mental health professionals, social workers, and other healthcare providers who treat TBI patients. New to the Second Edition: "Key Points" section in each chapter crystallizes important clinical pearls New chapters cover anoxia complicating TBI, screening for emotional distress in TBI patients, management of chronic behavioral disturbances, and assistive technology Every chapter has been updated to reflect current evidence-based practice

Download or read book The End of Trauma written by George A. Bonanno and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A top expert on human trauma argues that we vastly overestimate how common PTSD is and fail to recognize how resilient people really are After 9/11, mental health professionals flocked to New York to handle what everyone assumed would be a flood of trauma cases. Oddly, the flood never came. In The End of Trauma, pioneering psychologist George A. Bonanno argues that we failed to predict the psychological response to 9/11 because most of what we understand about trauma is wrong. For starters, it’s not nearly as common as we think. In fact, people are overwhelmingly resilient to adversity. What we often interpret as PTSD are signs of a natural process of learning how to deal with a specific situation. We can cope far more effectively if we understand how this process works. Drawing on four decades of research, Bonanno explains what makes us resilient, why we sometimes aren’t, and how we can better handle traumatic stress. Hopeful and humane, The End of Trauma overturns everything we thought we knew about how people respond to hardship.

Download or read book Written Exposure Therapy for PTSD written by Denise M. Sloan and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2019 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This treatment manual provides mental health professionals with instructions for conducting written exposure therapy, a brief and accessible trauma intervention that is effective at reducing PTSD symptoms.

Download or read book Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may affect 10 million people worldwide. It is considered the "signature wound" of the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. These injuries result from a bump or blow to the head, or from external forces that cause the brain to move within the head, such as whiplash or exposure to blasts. TBI can cause an array of physical and mental health concerns and is a growing problem, particularly among soldiers and veterans because of repeated exposure to violent environments. One form of treatment for TBI is cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT), a patient-specific, goal-oriented approach to help patients increase their ability to process and interpret information. The Department of Defense asked the IOM to conduct a study to determine the effectiveness of CRT for treatment of TBI.

Download or read book Management of Adults with Traumatic Brain Injury written by David Brian Arciniegas and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 2013 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Management of Adults with Traumatic Brain Injury is an up-to-the-minute, comprehensive, and useful text designed to support busy physicians, nurses, and mental health professionals working with persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their families. Understanding and improving outcomes after TBI requires consideration of the effects of biomechanical forces on the brain and the interactions between the injury, the person experiencing it, and the psychosocial context in which TBI and its consequences occur. A multidisciplinary approach to the management of persons with TBI therefore is essential. Accordingly, this book presents and synthesizes the work of internationally recognized brain injury clinicians, scientists, and educators who were selected by a team of editors with backgrounds in psychiatry, neurology, psychology, and physiatry. This broad range of perspectives enhances understanding and provides nuanced yet practical information on the neuropsychiatric management of persons with TBI. Evidence-informed, concise, and clinically rich, Management of Adults with Traumatic Brain Injury will be of enormous value to health care providers grappling with the neurological and mental health consequences of this widespread public health problem.

Download or read book PTSD Research Quarterly written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book PTSD and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury written by Jennifer J. Vasterling and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-02-29 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Events that lead to traumatic brain injury are often also psychologically traumatic. Addressing a growing need among mental health practitioners, this authoritative book brings together experts in both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Chapters present empirically based best practices for conceptualization, assessment, and intervention. The book also addresses the biological and psychosocial mechanisms by which PTSD and mTBI complicate each other; management of commonly associated conditions, including chronic pain and substance abuse; special considerations in military contexts; and possible ways to improve the structure and cost-effectiveness of providing care in this challenging area.

Download or read book Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-01-18 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mental disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), constitute an important health care need of veterans, especially those recently separated from service. Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Assessment of the Evidence takes a systematic look the efficacy of pharmacologic and psychological treatment modalities for PTSD on behalf of the Department of Veterans Affairs. By reviewing existing studies in order to draw conclusions about the strength of evidence on several types of treatment, the Committee on the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder found that many of these studies were faulty in design and performance, and that relatively few of these studies have been conducted in populations of veterans, despite suggestions that civilian and veteran populations respond differently to various types of treatment. The committee also notes that the evidence is scarce on the acceptability, efficacy, or generalizability of treatment in ethnic and cultural minorities, as few studies stratified results by ethnic background. Despite challenges in the consistency, quality, and depth of research, the committee found the evidence sufficient to conclude the efficacy of exposure therapies in treating PTSD. The committee found the evidence inadequate to determine efficacy of different types of pharmacotherapies, of three different psychotherapy modalities, and of psychotherapy delivered in group formats. The committee also made eight critical recommendations, some in response to the VA's questions related to recovery and the length and timing of PTSD treatment, and others addressing research methodology, gaps in evidence and funding issues.

Download or read book Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation Toolkit written by Margaret M. Weightman and published by Department of the Army. This book was released on 2014 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NOTE: NO FURTHER DISSCOUNT ON THIS PRODUCT TITLE --OVERSTOCK SALE -- Significantly reduced list price Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex condition for which limited research exists. The recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have resulted in numerous service members returning home after sustaining TBI, and healthcare providers scrambling to find resources on how to treat them. This toolkit is a comprehensive source of inventories and therapy options for treating service members with mild TBI. All aspects of mild TBI are covered, including vestibular disorders, vision impairment, balance issues, posttraumatic headache, temporomandibular dysfunction, cognition, and fitness, among others. With easy-to-follow treatment options and evaluation instruments, this toolkit is a one-stop resource for clinicians and therapists working with patients with mild TBI.