Download or read book The Army in Support of Political Objectives The 1965 Dominican Republic Intervention written by Lawrence M. Greenberg and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taken from a Center of Military History manuscript entitled United States Army Unilateral and Coalition Operations in the 1965 Dominican Republic Intervention (CMH Pub 93-5, 1987), this paper was presented by the author at the 1987 Missouri Valley History Conference. The paper deals with the American intervention into the Dominican Republic Civil War of 1965. Specifically, it addresses the role played by the 82d Airborne Division in stopping the Dominican Civil War, restoring peace in Santo Domingo, and supporting diplomatic efforts by the US State Department and the Organization of American States. This was the first and only time that the OAS formed a coalition military force (the LAPE) to act within a neighbor nation and, American military forces composed the vast majority of this force. The paper addresses the importance of military flexibility and restraint in dealing with revolution or insurgency in another sovereign nation.
Download or read book The Army in Support of Political Initiatives written by Lawrence M. Greenberg and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book United States Army Unilateral and Coalition Operations in the 1965 Dominican Republic Intervention written by Lawrence M. Greenberg and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is an examination of 1965 intervention into the Dominican Republic by US forces, primarily from the 82d Airborne Division. Although this study covers the actual armed intervention and subsequent fighting between Dominican rebels and American soldiers, it also delves into the political and strategic reasons behind President Johnson's ordering the military action. As part of this political overview, the report addresses the role of the Organization of American States, the Inter-American Peace Force, and of several Latin nations who participated in the 18 month long intervention. As a part of his presentation, the author highlights the importance of many non-military roles and functions performed by key players to speed the Dominican Civil War to a negotiated close and bring the nation back on the road toward democratic government.
Download or read book Intervention in the Caribbean written by General Bruce PalmerJr. and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1965 U.S. intervention in the Dominican Republic remains a unique event: the only time the Organization of American States has intervened with force on a member state's territory. It is also a classic example of a U.S. military operation that drew in America's hemispheric allies. Finally, its outcome was that rare feat in the annals of diplomacy—a peaceful political settlement of a civil war. Here for the first time is the full story of that action, as told by one of its leading participants. General Palmer was the U.S. Army's operations chief in Washington in April 1965 when the Dominican crisis broke, and was placed in command of U.S. forces deployed to the Republic. His perspective thus reflects both the perceptions of Washington officials and those of the U.S. commander on the scene. Palmer's instructions from President Johnson were to prevent another Cuba. Although the intervention remains controversial today, especially with Latin Americans, it was successful both politically and militarily, bringing unprecedented stability to the long-troubled Dominican Republic. The lesson Palmer draws is that success in such a venture comes only when political and military actions are orchestrated toward a common political goal. Palmer concludes with an assessment of the current situation in the broader Caribbean area, including a comparison of the 1965 Dominican and 1983 Grenadian interventions, and an analysis of the situation in Panama with its implications for the Canal Treaty. His book is a timely contribution to the history of the Caribbean that enlarges our understanding of this region's vital importance to the United States.
Download or read book Power Pack written by Lawrence A. Yates and published by Militarybookshop.CompanyUK. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1988, this study describes a military operation characterized by multiple - service participation. The author's contribution provides an important analysis of the interplay between state craft and military operational planning and execution. The study addresses not only questions of planning and deployment but the course of the intervention from the landing of marines to evacuate American citizens, through the commitment of the 82d Airborne Division to separate the combatants in the Dominican civil war, to the establishment of the ad hoc Inter- American Peace Force, the First hemispheric military organization of its kind. The United States intervention in the Dominican Republic was successful. It accomplished the mission of preventing a Communist takeover and providing the military presence to make a political settlement possible. Nevertheless, Power Pack experienced its share of problems associated with outdated operations plans, poor communications and coordination, hasty planning, and inadequate staff and facilities. This study's true value lies in the identification of these problems in an effort to understand why they occurred and to prevent their recurrence.
Download or read book Power Pack written by Lawrence A. Yates and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2015-12-31 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1960s, President John F. Kennedy expressed concern that Communist sponsored unconventional warfare was one of the most pervasive threats to American security and that the U.S. military establishment was inadequately prepared to counter the threat. To correct this deficiency, the White House put pressure on the services, especially the U.S. Army, to develop the doctrine and forces necessary to conduct what was variously called counterinsurgency, counterguerrilla warfare, special warfare, special operations, or stability operations. As the military's capability to engage in unconventional warfare grew, so, too, did the opportunities to translate this capability into action. One such opportunity was the crisis in the Dominican Republic in 1965. In "Power Pack: U.S. Intervention in the Dominican Republic, 1965-1966," Dr. Lawrence A. Yates vividly describes the role of the military in what today would be termed peacetime contingency and peacekeeping operations. After tracing the origins of the Dominican crisis, Dr. Yates analyzes the concerns that led to U.S. intervention; the joint planning, command and control arrangements, and intelligence gathering efforts that preceded and followed the introduction of U.S. marines and paratroopers into the country; the missions of those forces and the difficulties they encountered; the formation of an inter-American peace force that transformed unilateral intervention into a multilateral undertaking; and the way in which military forces provided the foundation upon which a political settlement was negotiated. In virtually every phase of the Dominican intervention, political considerations far outweighed military requirements. In this sense, "Power Pack" illustrates the kind of political military operations U.S. armed forces are most likely to engage in today under conditions short of all-out war. Many of the problems the military experienced in playing a supporting role to the diplomats and civil authorities instead of occupying stage center would later be reprised in Vietnam. In some respects, the U.S. intervention in the Dominican Republic was a dress rehearsal for Vietnam. In other respects, the dissimilarities are equally striking. In the Dominican Republic, the United States deployed, in the course of one week, a force large enough to end a civil war, suppress a potential insurgency, assist in restoring order and democracy, prevent a Communist takeover, and, having accomplished all this, leave the country one year later with its objectives achieved. The intervention in the Dominican Republic represents a successful application of U.S. power and diplomacy and an instructive case study for professional officers today.
Download or read book United States Army Unilateral and Coalition Operations in the 1965 Dominican Republic Intervention written by Lawrence M. Greenberg and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is an examination of 1965 intervention into the Dominican Republic by US forces, primarily from the 82d Airborne Division. Although this study covers the actual armed intervention and subsequent fighting between Dominican rebels and American soldiers, it also delves into the political and strategic reasons behind President Johnson's ordering the military action. As part of this political overview, the report addresses the role of the Organization of American States, the Inter-American Peace Force, and of several Latin nations who participated in the 18 month long intervention. As a part of his presentation, the author highlights the importance of many non-military roles and functions performed by key players to speed the Dominican Civil War to a negotiated close and bring the nation back on the road toward democratic government.
Download or read book Military Crisis Management written by Herbert G. Schoonmaker and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1990-02-15 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This account of the 1965 Dominican intervention is a case study in U.S. crisis management. Herbert Schoonmaker analyzes the role and management of U.S. military forces in the Dominican crisis. Like other Cold War interventions, the Dominican intervention demonstrated the use of rapidly reacting, joint military forces to achieve limited political objectives. It also represents a good vehicle for analyzing U.S. civilian-military relationships during this kind of military operation. At the same time the civil strife continued in Santo Domingo, U.S. military forces engaged in a variety of duties, both combat and peacekeeping, and did so while the Organization of American States, the United Nations, and U.S. government teams attempted to negotiate a peaceful settlement. Such a complex environment, Schoonmaker argues, necessitated tight civilian control of the engaged armed forces and required restraint in carrying out their combat duties. In addition to the political-military factors, Schoonmaker also focuses on the joint army-navy-air aspects of the operation. He concentrates on the uniqueness of the intervention which makes the lessons learned from it applicable in some circumstances, but not in others. A study of the Dominican intervention is important because of its implications for defense needs and structure in a time of tight military budgets. The author also outlines the problems associated with quick-reacting forces and indicates the necessity for efficient intelligence, communications, logistics, and command and control. This book is must reading for military theoreticians and strategists, historians, and political scientists.
Download or read book United States Army Unilateral and Coalition Operations in the 1965 Dominican Republic Intervention written by Lawrence M. Greenberg and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication, the fifth in the Historical Analysis Series, addresses the role of the United States Army in the Dominican Republic intervention of 1965. Conducted by the 82d Airborne Division, the operation encompassed unilateral combat and peace-keeping duties as well as participation in a regional, multinational peace-keeping military force. The only coalition military force ever fielded by the Organization of American States, the Inter-American Peace Force signified a peak in regional cooperation in the Americas. For operation planners, Army leaders, and students of military or diplomatic history, this study provides an opportunity to examine the role of large-scale military intervention as an integral part of American foreign policy execution. President Lyndon B. Johnson used American military force to support the diplomatic settlement of the Dominican Civil War and the violence and threat of Communist expansion it possessed. As commander of American ground forces, Lt. Gen. Bruce Palmer, Jr., implemented procedures which stressed often changing definitions of American neutrality , restraint by the individual soldier, and cooperation and coordination with the U.S. Department of State, the Organization of American States, and the six-nation Latin American contingent to the Inter-American Peace Force . General Palmer's ability to deal with political organizations and his determination to support American diplomatic initiatives with the application of firm, but rest rained, military force is a model for future coalition operations. A pertinent section of this paper examines the perceptions, apprehensions, and debates within the Organization of American States that surrounded the formation of the Inter-American Peace Force. The organization's members faced a major dilemma -- did the violence and possible threat of Communist expansion in the Caribbean justify their perceived threat of an American return to unilateral military interventionism? The manner in which they dealt with this problem not only formed the basis for establishing the Inter-American Peace Force but greatly influenced both President Johnson's decision to intervene and the subsequent conduct of the entire operation.
Download or read book Power Pack written by Lawrence A. Yates and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the role of the military in what today would be termed peacetime contingency and peacekeeping operations. After tracing the origins of the Dominican crisis, it then analyzes the concerns that led to U.S. intervention; the joint planning, command and control arrangements, and intelligence gathering efforts that preceded and followed the introduction of U.S. marines and paratroopers into the country; the missions of those forces and the difficulties they encountered; the formation of an inter-American peace force that transformed unilateral intervention into a multilateral undertaking; and the way in which military forces provided the foundation upon which a political settlement was negotiated.
Download or read book The Dominican Intervention written by Abraham F. Lowenthal and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book United States Army Unilateral and Coalition Operations in the 1965 Dominican Republic Intervention written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is an examination of 1965 intervention into the Dominican Republic by US forces, primarily from the 82d Airborne Division. Although this study covers the actual armed intervention and subsequent fighting between Dominican rebels and American soldiers, it also delves into the political and strategic reasons behind President Johnson's ordering the military action. As part of this political overview, the report addresses the role of the Organization of American States, the Inter-American Peace Force, and of several Latin nations who participated in the 18 month long intervention. As a part of his presentation, the author highlights the importance of many non-military roles and functions performed by key players to speed the Dominican Civil War to a negotiated close and bring the nation back on the road toward democratic government.
Download or read book Arms and Politics in the Dominican Republic written by G. Pope Atkins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chronicle and interpretation of recent military and political events in the Dominican Republic analyzes the political behavior of the country's armed forces and scrutinizes policies put in action since the nation's civil war and the subsequent U.S. intervention of 1965.
Download or read book Military Intervention in Latin America Analysis of the 1965 Crisis in the Dominican Republic written by Frank E Galati (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 28 April 1965 the Sixth Marine expeditionary unit commenced operations in the Dominican Republic. For the first time since 1924 the United States Marines were back in that troubled nation. This action ended the Good Neighbor policy of non-intervention in Latin America for the United States and established a precedent for intervening in the affairs of any Latin American country that threatens to become a second Cuba . The purpose of this study is to show that, in spite of post-Vietnam trauma, a tightly controlled military intervention in Latin America can successfully end an armed insurrection with favorable political results. The essential conclusions drawn from this study are: (a) if the United States must intervene it must do so rapidly and massively with its Latin American allies in order to prevent any side in the conflict from gaining a quick military advantage; (b) Once in the country the U.S. must maintain as neutral a stance as possible; (c) Washington must absolutely keep its military means subordinated to a clearly stated, attainable, and negotiated political end; (d) rather than attempting to destroy the insurgent, intervening forces should isolate him on the ground and then include him in negotiations; (e) time must be allowed to work against the contending parties and in the favor of the intervening regional peacemakers. The U.S. response to the Dominican crisis clearly shows that the often violent forces of change in Latin America can be controlled by intervention with the relative certainty of gaining a political solution acceptable to everyone.
Download or read book Aftermath of the Dominican Revolution 1965 written by Gary Ned McClung and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sudden military intervention by the United States in the Dominican Republic on April 28, 1965, was a shock to many Americans— both North Americans and Latin Americans. It came as a particular shock to me. On the date of the intervention I was serving as a second lieutenant in the United States Army. I was in the last week of the Infantry Officer Basic Course at Fort Benning, Georgia. Only two days earlier I had received orders to complete three more months of additional training and then report to the 218th Military Intelligence Detachment (XVIII Abn Corps) at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. On the 29th of April, I discovered that this was one of the units scheduled to be dispatched to Santo Domingo. On August 22, 1965, I was on an Air Force C-130 en route to the Dominican Republic. I was being sent there to serve as an Intelligence Political Officer for the Assistant Chief of Staff (J-2) of United States Forces Dominican Republic (USFORDOMREP). Upon my arrival for duty, I was informed that one of my primary respon sibilities would be to act as Liaison Officer between J-2, USFORDOMREP, and the United States Embassy. By this time the Dominican situation had developed a nature which was primarily political rather than military, and very close coordination had been established between the military intelligence section of USFORDOMREP, the entire United States Embassy, and all other United States intelligence agencies in the Dominican Republic. Thus, a stroke of luck in assignment enabled me to observe firsthand many facets of the United States' role in the Dominican crisis. I remained in this position from August, 1965 to September, 1966. The experience of this assignment served as an excellent basis on which to build this thesis. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to all of those who took the time to be interviewed and to counsel with me in the preparation of this thesis. Of particular help was the staff of the United States Embassy. I grew to have the highest regard for all the personnel in the Santo Domingo Mission. They were extremely competent people. They were also patient, friendly and cooperative. It was satisfying to find such qualified speople serving our State Department and our other overseas agencies.
Download or read book The US Dominican Intervention Success Story written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just after 0200 on 30 April 1965, two battalions of paratroopers from the 3d Brigade, 82d Airborne Division, under the command of Major General Robert York, landed at San Isidro airfield in the Dominican Republic. Ten miles away, the beleaguered capital of Santo Domingo was in the grip of a violent civil war. Six days before, two Dominican army battalions, whose officers supported the return of deposed president Juan Bosch, had entered into open revolt against the government and were joined quickly by several well-organized communist and left-wing political parties. Within 24 hours, the two rebel groups consolidated their power and controlled most of the city. Bosch's supporters adopted the name Constitutionalists after the 1963 constitution that was supplanted by the post-Bosch government. The Dominican military and its supporters became known as Loyalists. After considerable delay, the Dominican military decided to fight the rebels under the command of General Elias Wessin y Wessin, a right-wing caudillo. Loyalists made two half-hearted attempts to reassert control, but managed to occupy only two small areas in the city. The American division's arrival in the Dominican Republic displayed President Lyndon Johnson's resolve to prevent another pro-left regime from taking power in the Caribbean. San Isidro airfield was transformed into the center of the third armed American intervention in the Dominican Republic in the 20th century, and the first such expedition undertaken there by the U.S. Army. Thus began what was to be the largest and most rapidly built-up surgical intervention ever undertaken by U.S. Army forces outside the United States. The 1965 intervention did more than test American deployment capabilities. The intervention confronted the commander of U.S. forces in the Dominican Republic, Lt. General Bruce Palmer, Jr., with new and delicate problems involving carefully orchestrated military support for diplomatic initiatives.
Download or read book The Dominican Crisis written by Piero Gleijeses and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
