Download or read book The Application of Valid and Feasible Dietary Assessment Methods to Evaluate the Impact of Policy and Behavioral Interventions on Children s Fruit and Vegetable Consumption written by Sarah Anne Amin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of U.S. children do not meet recommendations for fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption. FV confer numerous health benefits including intake of critical shortfall nutrients, reduced risk of chronic diseases, and maintenance of healthy weights. Identifying both policy and behavioral approaches to increase children's consumption of a variety of FVs has become a public health priority. When evaluating policy and interventions it is integral to apply validated dietary assessment methods to measure FV selection, consumption, and waste. The three aims of this dissertation addressed the feasibility of dietary assessment methods and their application to evaluate policy change and behavioral interventions. Aim 1: Apply validated dietary assessment methods to evaluate the effect of national school lunch policy change on elementary school children's FV consumption. As of the 2012 school year, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) requires school children to select either a fruit or a vegetable with a reimbursable meal. The objective of the first study was to compare children's FV choices in two school cafeteria environments a year before these new USDA regulations took effect. Elementary school (grades 3-5) children's FV choices were measured during Spring 2011 at two northeast elementary schools (NES-A and NES-B). NES-A had a self-serve salad bar, whereas NES-B served pre-portioned FV and pizza daily. Of 555 trays assessed (n=284 NES-A, n=271 NES-B), 15.3% (n=85) had no FV selected. A higher percentage of trays from NES-A had no FV (23.6%, n=67) in comparison to NES-B (6.6%, n=18) (P

Download or read book Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease written by Ann M. Coulston and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 1075 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease, Fourth Edition, is a compilation of current knowledge in clinical nutrition and an overview of the rationale and science base of its application to practice in the prevention and treatment of disease. In its fourth edition, this text continues the tradition of incorporating new discoveries and methods related to this important area of research Generating and analyzing data that summarize dietary intake and its association with disease are valuable tasks in treating disease and developing disease prevention strategies. Well-founded medical nutrition therapies can minimize disease development and related complications. Providing scientifically sound, creative, and effective nutrition interventions is both challenging and rewarding. Two new chapters on metabolomics and translational research, which have come to be used in nutrition research in recent years. The new areas of study are discussed with the perspective that the application of the scientific method is by definition an evolutionary process. A new chapter on Genetics and Diabetes which reviews the latest research on causal genetic variants and biological mechanisms responsible for the disease, and explores potential interactions with environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle. Includes all major "omics" – the exposome, metabolomics, genomics, and the gut microbiome. Expands the microbiota portions to reflect complexity of diet on gut microbial ecology, metabolism and health

Download or read book The Feasibility and Validity of Novel Dietary Assessment Methods in a Pre School Setting written by Harley Eriksen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To properly evaluate initiatives targeting children’s fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption, we need feasible and valid dietary assessment methods that are time, cost, and resource effective. The objectives of this study were to test the feasibility and validity of two methods, digital imaging (DI) and aggregate plate waste (APW), for assessing children’s FV consumption. UVM dietary assessment team graduate students prepared and distributed FV snacks in two pre-school classrooms over 30 consecutive school days. Feasibility of APW was tested by recording the frequency and weight of waste sorting errors by pre-school children and performing paired t-tests comparing uncorrected and corrected FV waste. Feasibility was tested for DI by determining the total number of individual FV snacks from which FV consumption could be estimated using the digital images. Validity was tested for DI using paired t-tests to compare FV consumption as assessed by DI against actual consumption as assessed by weighed plate waste (WPW). A total of 159 cluster APW weights were recorded during the 20 days of APW collection, with an overall mean difference of 0.57 grams (p=0.440) between uncorrected and corrected FV waste. Researchers were able to capture 100-percent usable digital images, effectively displaying 214 individual FV snack servings over the 10-day DI study period. Percent agreement between the two digital image coders was 99.1-percent. DI estimations for individual FV item and cumulative consumption were strongly correlated with WPW (all above r=0.97). Overall FV consumption as estimated by DI differed from WPW by less than one gram, and DI estimations for individual FV items differed from WPW by no more than two grams. Paired t-tests revealed no significant difference between DI estimations of clementine (p=0.954) and peapod (p=0.806) consumption and WPW measurements. However, paired t-tests indicated statistically significant differences between DI and WPW measurements for overall (p=0.001), grape (p=0.031), carrot (p=0.008), and pepper (p=0.027) consumption. Both methods were feasible for assessing mean FV consumption. DI estimations for individual FV items and cumulative consumption were strongly correlated with WPW, suggesting that despite statistical significance between DI and WPW measurements in some cases, the DI method is still precise for mean FV consumption evaluation. APW may be especially advantageous for rapid and efficient evaluation of behavior change in response to interventions targeting children’s FV consumption. Due to ease of administration and instantaneous results, the APW method reduces the need for trained research staff to be present, drastically increasing accessibility to group-level dietary assessment.

Download or read book Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age written by ENGINEERING NATIONAL ACADEMIES OF SCIENCES (AND MEDICINE. HEALTH AND MEDICINE DIVISION. FOOD AND.) and published by . This book was released on 2022-02-12 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A virtual workshop series titled Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age was convened in May, 2021 by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The four-day workshop series explored the evidence on methodological approaches to assessing intake of food and dietary supplements in pregnant women and children 2 to 11 years of age. Obtaining reliable and valid dietary intake information for these population groups is particularly difficult - in pregnancy, rapid changes in nutrient needs and dietary intakes occur, and in young children, much of dietary intake is consumed outside the home and is often misreported by the children or their proxy reporters. To advance the quality of the science in these areas, the workshop had four goals: identify the suite of current methods used in dietary assessments, including food and dietary supplements, in pregnant women and children 2 to 11 years of age; identify the methodological challenges and opportunities in improving current methods; explore methodologies in other disciplines and their application in dietary assessments in those populations; and discuss factors to consider when implementing dietary assessment tools in those populations. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshop series.

Download or read book Dietary assessment written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-06-11 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FAO provides countries with technical support to conduct nutrition assessments, in particular to build the evidence base required for countries to achieve commitments made at the Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2) and under the 2016-2025 UN Decade of Action on Nutrition. Such concrete evidence can only derive from precise and valid measures of what people eat and drink. There is a wide range of dietary assessment methods available to measure food and nutrient intakes (expressed as energy insufficiency, diet quality and food patterns etc.) in diet and nutrition surveys, in impact surveys, and in monitoring and evaluation. Differenct indicators can be selected according to a study's objectives, sample population, costs and required precision. In low capacity settings, a number of other issues should be considered (e.g. availability of food composition tables, cultural and community specific issues, such as intra-household distribution of foods and eating from shared plates, etc.). This manual aims to signpost for the users the best way to measure food and nutrient intakes and to enhance their understanding of the key features, strengths and limitations of various methods. It also highlights a number of common methodological considerations involved in the selection process. Target audience comprises of individuals (policy-makers, programme managers, educators, health professionals including dietitians and nutritionists, field workers and researchers) involved in national surveys, programme planning and monitoring and evaluation in low capacity settings, as well as those in charge of knowledge brokering for policy-making.

Download or read book The Handbook of Health Behavior Change written by Marisa E. Hilliard, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2018-04-28 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated fifth edition of the highly acclaimed “gold standard” textbook continues to provide a foundational review of health behavior change theories, research methodologies, and intervention strategies across a range of populations, age groups, and health conditions. It examines numerous, complex, and often co-occurring factors that can both positively and negatively influence people’s ability to change behaviors to enhance their health including intrapersonal, interpersonal, sociocultural, environmental, systems, and policy factors, in the context of leading theoretical frameworks. Beyond understanding predictors and barriers to achieving meaningful health behavior change, the Handbook provides an updated review of the evidence base for novel and well-supported behavioral interventions and offers recommendations for future research. New content includes chapters on Sun Protection, Interventions With the Family System, and the Role of Technology in Behavior Change. Throughout the textbook, updated reviews emphasize mobile health technologies and electronic health data capture and transmission and a focus on implementation science. And the fifth edition, like the previous edition, provides learning objectives to facilitate use by course instructors in health psychology, behavioral medicine, and public health. The Handbook of Health Behavior Change, Fifth Edition, is a valuable resource for students at the graduate and advanced undergraduate level in the fields of public or population health, medicine, behavioral science, health communications, medical sociology and anthropology, preventive medicine, and health psychology. It also is a great reference for clinical investigators, behavioral and social scientists, and healthcare practitioners who grapple with the challenges of supporting individuals, families, and systems when trying to make impactful health behavior change. NEW TO THE FIFTH EDITION: Revised and updated to encompass the most current research and empirical evidence in health behavior change Includes new chapters on Sun Protection, Interventions With the Family System, and the Role of Technology in Behavior Change Increased focus on innovations in technology in relation to health behavior change research and interventions KEY FEATURES: The most comprehensive review of behavior change interventions Provides practical, empirically based information and tools for behavior change Focuses on robust behavior theories, multiple contexts of health behaviors, and the role of technology in health behavior change Applicable to a wide variety of courses including public health, behavior change, preventive medicine, and health psychology Organized to facilitate curriculum development and includes tools to assist course instructors, including learning objectives for each chapter

Download or read book Environmental Influences on Dietary Intake of Children and Adolescents written by Jessica S. Gubbels and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood is a crucial period for establishing lifelong healthy nutritional habits. The environment has an important influence on children’s dietary intake. This book focuses on the influence of environmental factors on the dietary intake of children and adolescents (0–18 years of age) within various settings including home, early care and education, school, college, holiday clubs, neighborhoods, and supermarkets. The reported studies examine a variety of factors within these settings, including the influence of cooking and parenting, teacher style, resources and barriers within various settings, marketing, and many other factors. The dietary intake behaviors examined include snacking, fruit and vegetable intake, beverage intake, and also nutrition in general. In addition, several papers focus on problems caused by inadequate nutrition, such as hunger and obesity. This work underlines the importance of the environment in influencing children’s and adolescents’ dietary intake. In addition, the papers identified some crucial barriers and facilitators for the implementation of environmental changes to enable a healthy diet for young children. Therefore, it provides some important directions for both future research and practice.

Download or read book Development and Application of Digital Imaging Methods to Assess Lunchtime Dietary Behaviors Among School aged Youth written by Jennifer Constance Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most youth in the US do not meet national recommendations for nutrient-dense foods such as fruits and vegetables. School-based interventions can contribute to promotion of these foods from a young age, as youth spend a large proportion of their day and consume one or more meals while at school. Multicomponent, school-based interventions are recommended as a strategy for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption, but there is wide variation in program design and approaches to evaluation. This includes the use of a range of methods for measuring dietary outcomes, many of which have unknown or weak validity. Further development and application of objective, observation-based dietary assessment methods may strengthen this evidence base. To address this gap, this dissertation focused on the application and adaptation of an observation-based dietary assessment method, digital imaging, to enable more rigorous yet feasible measurement of diet in the context of school-based interventions. The objective of the first study within this dissertation was to examine the impact of a multicomponent, school-based intervention on lunchtime fruit and vegetable dietary behaviors, by applying digital imaging. Using a randomized, controlled design as part of a pilot study involving fourth-grade students from two elementary schools, this study examined changes in lunchtime dietary behaviors before and after the introduction of the Shaping Healthy Choices Program. This program was designed to integrate nutrition education, family and community partnerships, and improvements to school food availability. Changes in school lunch intake were compared between intervention and control students for fruit (n = 111) and vegetable (n = 112) outcomes using exact tests and t-tests. Findings from this pilot indicated that the intervention resulted in no changes for fruit selection, consumption, or waste, but did result in improvements in vegetable selection and consumption among intervention school students relative to control school students (Ps

Download or read book Dietary Risk Assessment in the WIC Program written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-05-10 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dietary Risk Assessment in the WIC Program reviews methods used to determine dietary risk based on failure to meet Dietary Guidelines for applicants to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Applicants to the WIC program must be at nutritional risk to be eligible for program benefits. Although "dietary risk" is only one of five nutrition risk categories, it is the category most commonly reported among WIC applicants. This book documents that nearly all low-income women in the childbearing years and children 2 years and over are at risk because their diets fail to meet the recommended numbers of servings of the food guide pyramid. The committee recommends that all women and children (ages 2-4 years) who meet the eligibility requirements based on income, categorical and residency status also be presumed to meet the requirement of nutrition risk. By presuming that all who meet the categorical and income eligibility requirements are at dietary risk, WIC retains its potential for preventing and correcting nutrition-related problems while avoiding serious misclassification errors that could lead to denial of services for eligible individuals.

Download or read book A Study to Examine the Effects of Nutrition Intervention on Fruit and Vegetable Knowledge Behaviors and Intake Among Fourth Grade Children written by Amy Elizabeth Knight and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood obesity is rising at a dramatic rate. Other research shows that nutrition education can have an impact of weight status, fruit and vegetable consumption, and nutrition knowledge. The purpose of this study is to determine how nutrition education affects children's fruit and vegetable knowledge, asking behaviors, intake, and awareness of healthy and unhealthy foods. Results of this study will be pertinent to teachers and schools in similar geographical locations. This study utilized pre- and post-test experimental design. Twenty-two children participated in the study with 17 in the experimental group and five in the control. Children in the experimental group received of nutrition education one time per week for four weeks, while the control did not receive any. Findings indicate that children receiving nutrition education significantly increased their fruit and vegetable knowledge. Other results from the study showed no significant changes in fruit and vegetable consumption, ability to correctly identify "Go", "Slow", and "Whoa" foods or asking behavior in children that received nutrition education. Although further research is needed, the results of this study show that though knowledge improved, consumption did not increase.

Download or read book Journal of the American Dietetic Association written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1012 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Examining the Association Between Children s Fruit and Vegetable Intake at and Away from School written by Velarie Yaa Ankrah Ansu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several school-based interventions aimed at increasing fruit and vegetables (FV) intake among children have demonstrated success in short-term interventions. The Fit Game is a school-based intervention aimed at encouraging children to consume increasing amounts of FV during a game, which is a narrative. Just as children are being encouraged to eat FV at school, so is it equally important for them to eat FV at home. Parents strongly influence the amount of FV children consume at home. The aim of this thesis is to examine associations between factors that influence consumption of fruits and vegetables at and away from school among children who are participating in a schoolbased intervention, which has been shown to increase fruit and vegetable consumption at school. Associations between factors of the home environment and FV intake of children at and away from school are also explored. The study population was 37 parent-child pairs who participated in the Fit Game intervention conducted at one elementary school in 2013 (n = 252). This study showed that there was an increase in FV intake of children at school during the period they played the Fit Game; however there was no change in fruit and vegetable intake away from school during that same period of time. In addition, though parents and children0́9s intake of FV were correlated, parents did not change their FV intake during the period of time their child participated in the Fit Game at school. There was no significance between children0́9s intake and the factors in the home environment including family meals, FV accessibility and availability as well as parental knowledge. This study used rigorous methods to assess dietary intake. It is, however, important that this study is replicated with a larger sample that is more diverse.

Download or read book Testing Methods to Increase Consumption of Healthy Foods written by Trang Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Schools are an attractive entry point to improve children's diets, as their eating habits can be shaped during childhood and the information disseminated from school can reach adults through children. We implemented a cluster-randomized trial in 12 schools in peri-urban Viet Nam to assess if two school-based interventions increased knowledge of healthy diets among children and their parents, as well as children's consumption of healthy foods. First, children were given lessons about food before school lunch and encouraged to share the lessons with their parents. Second, children were provided with healthy snacks for five weeks to reinforce messages about healthy eating. We found that in the short term, the nutrition lessons raised the knowledge index score of the children by 0.35 standard deviation. After six months, this intervention retained its effectiveness only for the children who also received free access to fruit, emphasizing the linkage between knowledge and practice. By itself, free access to fruit at school increased the children's daily fruit consumption by half a portion, but not at the expense of home fruit consumption. Access to healthy foods at school can therefore be an effective measure to raise children's healthy consumption. Child-parent communication was not a reliable channel for knowledge dissemination in our setting.

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Combating Micronutrient Deficiencies written by Brian Thompson and published by CABI. This book was released on 2011 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, inclusive of 19 chapters, provides discussions on the benefits and limitations of food-based approaches for the prevention and control of micronutrient malnutrition. Different chapters focus on specific relevant topics, including current developments in food-based approaches and their program applications, relevance of agricultural interventions to nutrition, impact of multi-sectoral programmes with food-based approaches components in alleviating undernutrition and micronutrient malnutrition, animal-source foods as a food-based approach to address nutrient deficiencies, aquaculture's role in improving food and nutrition security, benefits of vegetables and fruits in preventing and combating micronutrient malnutrition, benefits of food-based approaches for overcoming single specific micronutrient deficiencies, and food fortification. This book will be of great use to professionals interested in public health, human nutrition, micronutrient deficiency interventions, food and nutrition security policy interventions, and agricultural research.

Download or read book WHO Child Growth Standards written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2007 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of the uses and interpretation of anthropometric references undertaken by WHO in the early 1990s concluded that new growth curves were needed to replace the existing international reference. To develop new standards, a multi-country study was carried out to collect primary growth data and related information from 8440 healthy breastfed infants and young children from diverse ethnic backgrounds and cultural settings (Brazil, Ghana, India, Norway, Oman, and the USA). The first set of growth standards (length/height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age) was published in April 2006. This report presents the second set of growth standards (head circumference-for-age, arm circumference-for-age, triceps skinfold-for-age, and subscapular skinfold-for-age). The standards depict normal early childhood growth under optimal environmental conditions and can be used to assess children everywhere, regardless of ethnicity socioeconomic status and type of feeding. This report will be useful to pediatricians and other healthcare providers, nutritionists, policy makers, researchers, national institutes of health, schools of medicine, and professional associations. Companion volume: WHO Child Growth Standards: Length/Height-for-age Weight-for-age Weight-for-length Weight-for-height and Body Mass Index-for age. Methods and Development