Download or read book The Application of Pericyclic Photolytic Chemoenzymatic and Cross coupling Techniques to the Synthesis of Biologically Active Natural Products and Related Structures written by Qiao Yan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The body of this thesis is comprised of four scientific articles and is preceded by an overview that contextualises all of this submitted/published work. The first major part of this thesis is comprised of Publication 1. This details work concerned with establishing the true structure of the sorbicillinoid-derived isolate rezishanone C by total synthesis. Specifically, the enantiomer of what proved to be the true structure of the sorbicillinoid rezishanone C (sorbivinetone) was synthesized from the homochiral cis-1,2-dihydrocatechol that is itself generated through the whole-cell biotransformation of toluene. These studies and dispersion-corrected DFT calculations support the proposal that rezishanone C is an artefact of the isolation process and arises through a Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction between ethyl vinyl ether and sorbicillinol. The second major part of the thesis is comprised of Publication 2. This is concerned with the synthesis and photochemical rearrangements of enantiomerically pure, polysubstituted and, in some cases, variously annulated bicyclo[2.2.2]octenones. Specifically, then, a series of bicyclo[2.2.2]octenones has been prepared by engaging the enzymatically-derived and enantiomerically pure cis-1,2-dihydrocatechol in either inter- or intra-molecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition reactions with various dienophiles. These polycyclic adducts or simple derivatives thereof were shown to readily participate in both photochemically promoted 1,3-acyl migration and oxa-di-pi-methane rearrangement processes to give corresponding products. The third major part of the thesis is comprised of Publication 3. This details the establishment of a palladium-catalyzed Ullmann cross-coupling/reductive cyclization route to the carbazole natural products 3-methyl-9H-carbazole, glycoborine, glycozoline, clausazoline K, mukonine and karapinchamine A. These were prepared by reductive cyclisation of the relevant 2-arylcyclohex-2-en-1-one to the corresponding tetrahydrocarbazole and dehydrogenation of this to give the target carbazole. Compounds of 2-arylcyclohex-2-en-1-one were themselves prepared using a palladium-catalyzed Ullmann cross-coupling reaction that served to link the appropriate 2-iodocyclohex-2-en-1-one and o-halonitrobenzene. The fourth and final part of the thesis is comprised of Publication 4. This details a unified approach to the isomeric alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-carbolines via their 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro counterparts. Specifically, then, a cross-coupling/reductive cyclisation protocol has been employed in preparing all four carbolines. So, for example, the 2-nitropyridine derivative, which is readily generated through an efficient palladium-catalyzed Ullmann cross-coupling reaction, is reductively cyclized under conventional conditions to give 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-alpha-carboline that is itself readily aromatized to give alpha-carboline.
Download or read book Studies on the Total Synthesis of Some Biologically Active Natural Products written by Yiwen Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The body of this thesis is comprised of four scientific journal articles and a patent. It is preceded by an overview that contextualizes all of this submitted/published work. The first major part of this thesis is comprised of Publication 1. This is a review concerned with the chemical syntheses of the cochliomycins, including congener A, and certain related resorcylic acid lactones (RALs). pecifically, Publication 1 reviews the recently published literature on the cochliomycins and related, co-occurring RALs and is accompanied by a brief commentary on the source organisms and certain of their biological properties. It serves to contextualize some of the author's other published research incorporated in the thesis. The second major part of this thesis is comprised of Publication 2. This details work concerned with establishing the true structure of the marine-derived RAL neocosmosin A. Specifically, the structure, A, originally assigned to neocosmosin A was synthesized with the key steps involving olefin-cross metathesis, ring-closing metathesis, palladium- catalyzed Meinwald rearrangement and Mitsunobu esterification reactions. A late-stage and simple modification to the reaction sequence also provided the enantiomer B that, in fact, represents the true structure of the natural product. The third major part of this thesis is comprised of Publication 3. This details the development of modular total syntheses of the marine-derived alkaloids discoipyrroles A and B. Specifically, the intermediates C and D (see below) were prepared from (parent) pyrrole using Ullmann-Goldberg and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, Vilsmeier-Haack formylation, electrophilic bromination, and Wittig olefination reactions as key steps. A late stage MoOPH-mediated oxidative cyclization reaction was then employed to assemble the novel heterobicyclic core of the target discoipyrroles. The fourth major part of this thesis is comprised of Publication 4. This details the first total synthesis of the most structurally complex member of the small family of marine- derived discoipyrroles, namely congener D. This synthesis, which used methodology developed during the course of the aforementioned syntheses of the discoipyrroles A and B, involved, as key steps, the MoOPH-mediated oxidative cyclization of precursor E and this was followed by conjugate addition and redox processes. The fifth and final part of this thesis is comprised of Publication 5. This patent details inventions related to methods for preparing a variety of discoipyrrole-like compounds and novel analogues, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and their possible use in therapeutic settings. For example, compound F, which incorporates a discoipyrrole-like core structure, was synthesized in four steps from indole and involving the aforementioned MoOPH-mediated oxidative cyclization as one of the key processes. The Appendices to the thesis are comprised of a series of reports arising from single-crystal X-ray analyses of certain key compounds synthesized by the author. Drs Jas Ward, Paul Carr or Anthony Willis, members of the Research School of Chemistry's Crystallographic Analysis Unit, conducted these analyses.
Download or read book Chemoenzymatic Formation of Hydroxypiperidines written by Maria Antonia Wijdeven and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemistry of Plant Natural Products written by Sunil Kumar Talapatra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 1197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at advanced undergraduate and graduate students and researchers working with natural products, Professors Sunil and Bani Talapatra provide a highly accessible compilation describing all aspects of plant natural products. Beginning with a general introduction to set the context, the authors then go on to carefully detail nomenclature, occurrence, isolation, detection, structure elucidation (by both degradation and spectroscopic techniques) stereochemistry, conformation, synthesis, biosynthesis, biological activity and commercial applications of the most important natural products of plant origin. Each chapter also includes detailed references (with titles) and a list of recommended books for additional study making this outstanding treatise a useful resource for teachers of chemistry and researchers working in universities, research institutes and industry.
Download or read book Principles and Applications of Asymmetric Synthesis written by Guo-Qiang Lin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-05-29 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asymmetric synthesis remains a challenge to practicing scientistsas the need for enantiomerically pure or enriched compoundscontinues to increase. Over the last decade, a large amount ofliterature has been published in this field. Principles andApplications of Asymmetric Synthesis consolidates and evaluates themost useful methodologies into a one-volume resource for theconvenience of practicing scientists and students. Authored by internationally renowned scientists in the field, thisreliable reference covers more than 450 reactions and includesimportant stoichiometric as well as catalytic asymmetric reactions.The first chapter reviews the basic principles, commonnomenclature, and analytical methods, and the remainder of the bookis organized according to reaction type. The text examines suchtopics as: Carbon-carbon bond formations involving carbonyls, enamines,imines, and enolates Asymmetric C-O bond formations including epoxidation,dihydroxylation, and aminohydroxylation Asymmetric synthesis using the Diels-Alder reaction and othercyclizations Applications to the total synthesis of natural products Use of enzymes in asymmetric synthesis Practicing chemists in the pharmaceutical, fine chemical, andagricultural professions as well as graduate students will findthat Principles and Applications of Asymmetric Synthesis affordscomprehensive and current coverage.
Download or read book Natural Product Biosynthesis written by Christopher T. Walsh and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook describes the types of natural products, the biosynthetic pathways that enable the production of these molecules, and an update on the discovery of novel products in the post-genomic era.
Download or read book Hydrogen Transfer Reactions written by Gabriela Guillena and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-27 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.
Download or read book Homogeneous Photocatalysis written by M. Chanon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1997-03-06 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photocatalysis and related processes occupy a strategic position for the future of photochemistry. This volume provides an introduction to basic concepts and explains how applications work at the molecular level.
Download or read book Handbook of Synthetic Photochemistry written by Angelo Albini and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-12-09 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unique in its focus on preparative impact rather than mechanistic details, this handbook provides an overview of photochemical reactions classed according to the structural feature that is built in the photochemical step, so as to facilitate use by synthetic chemists unfamiliar with this topic. An introductory section covers practical questions on how to run a photochemical reaction, while all classes of the most important photocatalytic reactions are also included. Perfect for organic synthetic chemists in academia and industry.
Download or read book Synthetic Applications written by Rajender S. Varma and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-05-09 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic nanocatalysts are becoming an important tool for greener catalytic processes in chemical transformations in view of the ease of their removal from a reaction medium. This book explores assorted magnetic nanocatalysts, their deployment in synthesis, chemical transformation and their recovery and reuse. Various thematic topics embodied include magnetic nanocatalysts for S-S bond formation, N-heterocycle formation, C-heteroatom bond formation, silica-supported catalysts, multicomponent reactions, including their recyclability; another available volume emphasizes the utility of magnetic nanocatalysts in industrial appliances.
Download or read book Understanding Organometallic Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis written by Valentin P. Ananikov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-08-29 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring and highlighting the new horizons in the studies of reaction mechanisms that open joint application of experimental studies and theoretical calculations is the goal of this book. The latest insights and developments in the mechanistic studies of organometallic reactions and catalytic processes are presented and reviewed. The book adopts a unique approach, exemplifying how to use experiments, spectroscopy measurements, and computational methods to reveal reaction pathways and molecular structures of catalysts, rather than concentrating solely on one discipline. The result is a deeper understanding of the underlying reaction mechanism and correlation between molecular structure and reactivity. The contributions represent a wealth of first-hand information from renowned experts working in these disciplines, covering such topics as activation of small molecules, C-C and C-Heteroatom bonds formation, cross-coupling reactions, carbon dioxide converison, homogeneous and heterogeneous transition metal catalysis and metal-graphene systems. With the knowledge gained, the reader will be able to improve existing reaction protocols and rationally design more efficient catalysts or selective reactions. An indispensable source of information for synthetic, analytical, and theoretical chemists in academia and industry.
Download or read book Strategies and Solutions to Advanced Organic Reaction Mechanisms written by Andrei Hent and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-28 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategies and Solutions to Advanced Organic Reaction Mechanisms: A New Perspective on McKillop's Problems builds upon Alexander (Sandy) McKillop's popular text, Solutions to McKillop's Advanced Problems in Organic Reaction Mechanisms, providing a unified methodological approach to dealing with problems of organic reaction mechanism. This unique book outlines the logic, experimental insight and problem-solving strategy approaches available when dealing with problems of organic reaction mechanism. These valuable methods emphasize a structured and widely applicable approach relevant for both students and experts in the field. By using the methods described, advanced students and researchers alike will be able to tackle problems in organic reaction mechanism, from the simple and straight forward to the advanced. - Provides strategic methods for solving advanced mechanistic problems and applies those techniques to the 300 original problems in the first publication - Replaces reliance on memorization with the understanding brought by pattern recognition to new problems - Supplements worked examples with synthesis strategy, green metrics analysis and novel research, where available, to help advanced students and researchers in choosing their next research project
Download or read book Nontraditional Careers for Chemists written by Lisa M. Balbes and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Chemistry background prepares you for much more than just a laboratory career. The broad science education, analytical thinking, research methods, and other skills learned are of value to a wide variety of types of employers, and essential for a plethora of types of positions. Those who are interested in chemistry tend to have some similar personality traits and characteristics. By understanding your own personal values and interests, you can make informed decisions about what career paths to explore, and identify positions that match your needs. By expanding your options for not only what you will do, but also the environment in which you will do it, you can vastly increase the available employment opportunities, and increase the likelihood of finding enjoyable and lucrative employment. Each chapter in this book provides background information on a nontraditional field, including typical tasks, education or training requirements, and personal characteristics that make for a successful career in that field. Each chapter also contains detailed profiles of several chemists working in that field. The reader gets a true sense of what these people do on a daily basis, what in their background prepared them to move into this field, and what skills, personality, and knowledge are required to make a success of a career in this new field. Advice for people interested in moving into the field, and predictions for the future of that career, are also included from each person profiled. Career fields profiled include communication, chemical information, patents, sales and marketing, business development, regulatory affairs, public policy, safety, human resources, computers, and several others. Taken together, the career descriptions and real case histories provide a complete picture of each nontraditional career path, as well as valuable advice about how career transitions can be planned and successfully achieved by any chemist.
Download or read book Handbook of RAFT Polymerization written by Christopher Barner-Kowollik and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-08 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanning the entire field from fundamentals to applications in material science, this one-stop source is the first comprehensive reference for polymer, physical and surface chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and those chemists working in industry. From the contents: * Introduction: Living Free Radical Polymerization and the RAFT Process * Fundamental Structure-Reactivity Correlations Governing the RAFT Process * Mechanism and Kinetics * The RAFT Process as a Kinetic Tool * Theory and Practice in Technical Applications * RAFT Polymerization in Bulk and Organic Solvents, as well as Homogeneous Aqueous Systems * Emulsion and Mini-Emulsion Polymerization * Complex Architecture Design * Macromolecular Design via the Interchange of Xanthates * Surface Modification * Stability and Physical Properties of RAFT Polymers * Novel Materials: From Drug Delivery to Opto-Electronics * Outlook and Future Developments
Download or read book Immobilized Catalysts written by Andreas Kirschning and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-10-07 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade the environmental setup has changed for synthetic organ ic chemists to a considerable degree. So far synthetic organic chemistry had focussed on methodology development which mainly deals with the develop ment of new reactions as well as new reagents and catalysts. These ought to be able to perform preferentially highly selective (chemo-, regio-and stereose lective) synthetic transformations, often applied in the context of complex and highly functionalized molecules. Except for the synthesis of peptides and oligonucleic acids, little attention has been spent on the question of how synthesis can be carried out in an envi ronment of sophisticated technologies which includes improved hardware. While peptides and oligonucleotides are conveniently prepared by Merrifield's solid phase technique, solution phase synthesis of most other synthetic targets have not been substantially replaced by this solid phase approach. Without discussing this aspect in detail it is obvious that today a renaissance of sophis ticated solution phase synthesis can be noted. Immobilization of reagents and particularly catalysts, an old concept indeed, recently returned back onto the stage and this is addressed in this volume of Topics in Current Chemistry in a broader sense.
Download or read book Synthetic Metal Containing Polymers written by Ian Manners and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of the field of synthetic metal-containing polymers - where metal atoms form an integral part of the main chain or side group structure of a polymer - aims to create new materials which combine the processability of organic polymers with the physical or chemical characteristics associated with the metallic element or complex. This book covers the major developments in the synthesis, properties, and applications of synthetic metal-containing macromolecules, and includes chapters on the preparation and characterization of metal-containing polymers, metallocene-based polymers, rigid-rod organometallic polymers, coordination polymers, polymers containing main group metals, and also covers dendritic and supramolecular systems. The book describes both polymeric materials with metals in the main chain or side group structure and covers the literature up to the end of 2002.
Download or read book Modification of Polymers written by Charles E. Carraher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sheer volume of topics which could have been included under our general title prompted us to make some rather arbitrary decisions about content. Modification by irradiation is not included because the activity in this area is being treated elsewhere. We have chosen to emphasize chemical routes to modification and have striven to pre sent as balanced a representation of current activity as time and page count permit. Industrial applications, both real and potential, are included. Where appropriate, we have encouraged the contributors to include review material to help provide the reader with adequate context. The initial chapter is a review from a historical perspective of polymer modification and contains an extensive bibliography. The remainder of the book is divided into four general areas: Reactions and Preparation of Copolymers Reactions and Preparation of Block and Graft Copolymers Modification Through Condensation Reactions Applications The chemical modification of homopolymers such as polyvinylchlo ride, polyethylene, poly(chloroalkylene sulfides), polysulfones, poly chloromethylstyrene, polyisobutylene, polysodium acrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloroformate, sulfonated polystyrene; block and graft copolymers such as poly(styrene-block-ethylene-co-butylene block-styrene), poly(I,4-polybutadiene-block ethylene oxide), star chlorine-telechelic polyisobutylene, poly(isobutylene-co-2,3-dimethyl- 1,3-butadiene), poly(styrene-co-N-butylmethacrylate); cellulose, dex tran and inulin, is described.
