Download or read book Laser induced Fluorescence for Medical Diagnostics written by Stefan Andersson-Engels and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Glow Discharge Spectroscopies written by R. Kenneth Marcus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to the demands of contemporary solid material analysis-greater powers of detection, speed, depth, and precision-glow devices are receiving increased attention by specialists. This volume covers fundamental plasma processes, laser-based methods, thin film analysis, and many other processes to provide the researcher with an extensive technical reference of these devices.
Download or read book Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Jagdish P. Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-06-02 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Second Edition, covers the basic principles and latest developments in instrumentation and applications of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). Written by active experts in the field, it serves as a useful resource for analytical chemists and spectroscopists, as well as graduate students and researchers engaged in the fields of combustion, environmental science, and planetary and space exploration. This fully revised second edition includes several new chapters on new LIBS techniques as well as several new applications, including flame and off-gas measurement, pharmaceutical samples, defense applications, carbon sequestration and site monitoring, handheld instruments, and more. LIBS has rapidly developed into a major analytical technology with the capability of detecting all chemical elements in a sample, of real- time response, and of close-contact or stand-off analysis of targets. It does not require any sample preparation, unlike conventional spectroscopic analytical techniques. Samples in the form of solids, liquids, gels, gases, plasmas, and biological materials (like teeth, leaves, or blood) can be studied with almost equal ease. This comprehensive reference introduces the topic to readers in a simple, direct, and accessible manner for easy comprehension and maximum utility. - Covers even more applications of LIBS beyond the first edition, including combustion, soil physics, environment, and life sciences - Includes new chapters on LIBS techniques that have emerged in the last several years, including Femtosecond LIBS and Molecular LIBS - Provides inspiration for future developments in this rapidly growing field in the concluding chapter
Download or read book Laser induced Breakdown Spectroscopy LIBS written by Andrzej W. Miziolek and published by . This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive reference explaining the fundamentals of the LIBS phenomenon, its history and its fascinating applications across eighteen chapters written by recognized leaders in the field. This book will be of significant interest to researchers in chemical and materials analysis within academia and industry.
Download or read book Plasma Diagnostics written by W. Lochte-Holtgreven and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 1995 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Market: Plasma physicists and students. Upon publication in 1968, Plasma Diagnostics represented the most up- to-date survey of the experimental methods used in plasma analysis, including the necessary theoretical background. This work emphasizes spectroscopic techniques along with in-depth sections on laser techniques and electric and magnetic probe methods. The evaluation of collision and transport cross sections, heat and electrical conductivity, and viscosity are some of the many applications of plasma diagnostics reviewed as well. This long-awaited reprint volume is of interest to both physicists and students of theoretical physics as it deals with plasma theory from a fundamental point of view, stressing a careful derivation and discussion of the equations.
Download or read book Plasma Surface Interactions and Processing of Materials written by O. Auciello and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the processes involved in the basic and applied physics and chemistry of the interaction of plasmas with materials is vital to the evolution of technologies such as those relevant to microelectronics, fusion and space. The subjects dealt with in the book include: the physics and chemistry of plasmas, plasma diagnostics, physical sputtering and chemical etching, plasma assisted deposition of thin films, ion and electron bombardment, and plasma processing of inorganic and polymeric materials. The book represents a concentration of a substantial amount of knowledge acquired in this area - knowledge which was hitherto widely scattered throughout the literature - and thus establishes a baseline reference work for both established and tyro research workers.
Download or read book Optical Diagnostics for Thin Film Processing written by Irving P. Herman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-10-23 with total page 815 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the increasing role of in situ optical diagnostics in thin film processing for applications ranging from fundamental science studies to process development to control during manufacturing. The key advantage of optical diagnostics in these applications is that they are usually noninvasive and nonintrusive. Optical probes of the surface, film, wafer, and gas above the wafer are described for many processes, including plasma etching, MBE, MOCVD, and rapid thermal processing. For each optical technique, the underlying principles are presented, modes of experimental implementation are described, and applications of the diagnostic in thin film processing are analyzed, with examples drawn from microelectronics and optoelectronics. Special attention is paid to real-time probing of the surface, to the noninvasive measurement of temperature, and to the use of optical probes for process control. Optical Diagnostics for Thin Film Processing is unique. No other volume explores the real-time application of optical techniques in all modes of thin film processing. The text can be used by students and those new to the topic as an introduction and review of the subject. It also serves as a comprehensive resource for engineers, technicians, researchers, and scientists already working in the field. - The only volume that comprehensively explores in situ, real-time, optical probes for all types of thin film processing - Useful as an introduction to the subject or as a resource handbook - Covers a wide range of thin film processes including plasma etching, MBE, MOCVD, and rapid thermal processing - Examples emphasize applications in microelectronics and optoelectronics - Introductory chapter serves as a guide to all optical diagnostics and their applications - Each chapter presents the underlying principles, experimental implementation, and applications for a specific optical diagnostic
Download or read book Plasma Spectroscopy written by Takashi Fujimoto and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2004-06-17 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the characteristics of optical radiation, or a spectrum, emitted by various plasmas. In plasma, the same atomic species can produce quite different spectra, or colours, depending on the nature of the plasma. This book gives a theoretical framework by which a particular spectrum can be interpreted correctly and coherently. The uniqueness of the book lies in its comprehensive treatment of the intensity distribution of spectral lines and the population density distribution among the atomic levels in plasmas. It is intended to provide beginners with a good perspective of the field, laying out the physics in an extremely clear manner and starting from an elementary level. A useful feature of the book is the asterisked sections and chapters which can be skipped by readers who only wish to gain a quick and basic introduction to plasma spectroscopy. It will also be useful to researchers working actively in the field, acting as a guide for carrying out experiments and interpreting experimental observations.
Download or read book The Theory of Atomic Structure and Spectra written by Robert D. Cowan and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both the interpretation of atomic spectra and the application of atomic spectroscopy to current problems in astrophysics, laser physics, and thermonuclear plasmas require a thorough knowledge of the Slater-Condon theory of atomic structure and spectra. This book gathers together aspects of the theory that are widely scattered in the literature and augments them to produce a coherent set of closed-form equations suitable both for computer calculations on cases of arbitrary complexity and for hand calculations for very simple cases.
Download or read book Chemistry of the Natural Atmosphere written by Peter Warneck and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-10-29 with total page 947 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of thc chemical behavior of trace compounds in the atmosphere has grown steadily, and sometimes even spectacularly, in recent decades. These developments have led to the emergence of atmospheric chemistry as a new branch of science. This book covers all aspects of atmospheric chemistry on a global scale, integrating information from chemistry and geochemistry, physics, and biology to provide a unified account. For each atmospheric constituent of interest, the text summarizes the principal observations on global distribution, chemical reactions, natural and anthropogenic sources, and physical removal processes. Coverage includes processes in the gas phase, in aerosols and c1ouds, and in precipitation, as well as biogeochemical cycles and the evolution of the atmosphere. Chemistry of the Natural Atmosphere, Second Edition, will serve as a textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate courses, and as an essential reference for atmospheric chemists, meteorologists, and anyone studying the biogeochemical cycles of trace gases.* Updated extensively from the highly respected first edition * Treats the global-scale chemistry and distribution of atmospheric trace constituents * Emphasizes observations and their interpretation* Provides background on transport and reaction kinetics for interpretation of observational data* Includes chemistry in the gas phase and in aerosols and clouds* Details chemical reaction pathways for the most important trace constituents* Describes pertinent biogeochemical cycles* Written by an author with more than 40 years of research experience in atmospheric chemistry
Download or read book Unsteady Combustion written by F. Culick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains selected papers prepared for the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Unsteady Combustion", which was held in Praia da Granja, Portugal, 6-17 September 1993. Approximately 100 delegates from 14 countries attended. The Institute was the most recent in a series beginning with "Instrumentation for Combustion and Flow in Engines", held in Vimeiro, Portugal 1987 and followed by "Combusting Flow Diagnostics" conducted in Montechoro, Portugal in 1990. Together, these three Institutes have covered a wide range of experimental and theoretical topics arising in the research and development of combustion systems with particular emphasis on gas-turbine combustors and internal combustion engines. The emphasis has evolved roughly from instrumentation and experimental techniques to the mixture of experiment, theory and computational work covered in the present volume. As the title of this book implies, the chief aim of this Institute was to provide a broad sampling of problems arising with time-dependent behaviour in combustors. In fact, of course, that intention encompasses practically all possibilities, for "steady" combustion hardly exists if one looks sufficiently closely at the processes in a combustion chamber. The point really is that, apart from the excellent paper by Bahr (Chapter 10) discussing the technology of combustors for aircraft gas turbines, little attention is directed to matters of steady performance. The volume is divided into three parts devoted to the subjects of combustion-induced oscillations; combustion in internal combustion engines; and experimental techniques and modelling.
Download or read book Plasma Diagnostics written by Orlando Auciello and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma Diagnostics, Volume 1: Discharge Parameters and Chemistry covers seven chapters on the important diagnostic techniques for plasmas and details their use in particular applications. The book discusses optical diagnostic techniques for low pressure plasmas and plasma processing; plasma diagnostics for electrical discharge light sources; as well as Langmuir probes. The text also describes the mass spectroscopy of plasmas, microwave diagnostics, paramagnetic resonance diagnostics, and diagnostics in thermal plasma processing. Electrical engineers, nuclear engineers, microwave engineers, chemists, and technical personnel in universities, industry, and national laboratories will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Lasers for Medical Applications written by Helena Jelínková and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 827 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lasers have a wide and growing range of applications in medicine. Lasers for Medical Applications summarises the wealth of recent research on the principles, technologies and application of lasers in diagnostics, therapy and surgery.Part one gives an overview of the use of lasers in medicine, key principles of lasers and radiation interactions with tissue. To understand the wide diversity and therefore the large possible choice of these devices for a specific diagnosis or treatment, the respective types of the laser (solid state, gas, dye, and semiconductor) are reviewed in part two. Part three describes diagnostic laser methods, for example optical coherence tomography, spectroscopy, optical biopsy, and time-resolved fluorescence polarization spectroscopy. Those methods help doctors to refine the scope of involvement of the particular body part or, for example, to specify the extent of a tumor. Part four concentrates on the therapeutic applications of laser radiation in particular branches of medicine, including ophthalmology, dermatology, cardiology, urology, gynecology, otorhinolaryngology (ORL), neurology, dentistry, orthopaedic surgery and cancer therapy, as well as laser coatings of implants. The final chapter includes the safety precautions with which the staff working with laser instruments must be familiar.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, this important book summarizes international achievements in the field of laser applications in medicine in the past 50 years. It provides a valuable contribution to laser medicine by outstanding experts in medicine and engineering. - Describes the interaction of laser light with tissue - Reviews every type of laser used in medicine: solid state, gas, dye and semiconductor - Describes the use of lasers for diagnostics
Download or read book Remote Compositional Analysis written by Janice L. Bishop and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive overview of the spectroscopic, mineralogical, and geochemical techniques used in planetary remote sensing.
Download or read book Biochemical Sensors In 2 Volumes written by Huangxian Ju and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 997 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the full scope of biochemical sensors and offers a survey of the principles, design and applications of the most popular types of biosensing devices. It is presented in 19 chapters, written by 20 distinguished scientists as well as their co-workers. The topics include the design of signal transducers, signal tags and signal amplification strategies, the structure of biosensing interfaces with new biorecognition elements such as aptamers and DNAzymes, and different newly emerging nanomaterials such as Au nanoclusters, carbon nitride, silicon, upconversion nanoparticles and two-dimensional materials, and the applications in wearable detections, biofuel cells, biomarker analyses, bioimaging, single cell analysis and in vivo sensing.By discussing recent advances, it is hoped this book will bridge the common gap between research literature and standard textbooks. Research into biochemical sensors and their biomedical applications is proceeding in a number of exciting directions, as reflected by the content. This book is published in honor of the 90th birthday of Professor Shaojun Dong, who performed many pioneering studies on modified electrodes and biochemical sensors.
Download or read book Operando Research in Heterogeneous Catalysis written by Joost Frenken and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-26 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the emerging field of techniques for visualizing atomic-scale properties of active catalysts under actual working conditions, i.e. high gas pressures and high temperatures. It explains how to understand these observations in terms of the surface structures and dynamics and their detailed interplay with the gas phase. This provides an important new link between fundamental surface physics and chemistry, and applied catalysis. The book explains the motivation and the necessity of operando studies, and positions these with respect to the more traditional low-pressure investigations on the one hand and the reality of industrial catalysis on the other. The last decade has witnessed a rapid development of new experimental and theoretical tools for operando studies of heterogeneous catalysis. The book has a strong emphasis on the new techniques and illustrates how the challenges introduced by the harsh, operando conditions are faced for each of these new tools. Therefore, one can also read this book as a collection of recipes for the development of operando instruments. At present, the number of scientific results obtained under operando conditions is still limited and mostly focused on a simple test reaction, the catalytic oxidation of CO. This reaction thus forms a natural binding element between the chapters, linking the demonstrations of new techniques, and also connecting the theoretical and experimental studies. Some first results on other reactions are also presented. If there is one thing that can be concluded already in this early stage, it is that the catalytic conditions themselves can have dramatic effects on the structure and composition of the surfaces of catalysts, which, in turn can greatly affect the mechanisms, the activity, and the selectivity of the chemical reactions that they catalyze.
Download or read book Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy written by Reinhard Noll and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-14 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive source of the fundamentals, process parameters, instrumental components and applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The effect of multiple pulses on material ablation, plasma dynamics and plasma emission is presented. A heuristic plasma modeling allows to simulate complex experimental plasma spectra. These methods and findings form the basis for a variety of applications to perform quantitative multi-element analysis with LIBS. These application potentials of LIBS have really boosted in the last years ranging from bulk analysis of metallic alloys and non-conducting materials, via spatially resolved analysis and depth profiling covering measuring objects in all physical states: gaseous, liquid and solid. Dedicated chapters present LIBS investigations for these tasks with special emphasis on the methodical and instrumental concepts as well as the optimization strategies for a quantitative analysis. Requirements, concepts, design and characteristic features of LIBS instruments are described covering laboratory systems, inspections systems for in-line process control, mobile systems and remote systems. State-of-the-art industrial applications of LIBS systems are presented demonstrating the benefits of inline process control for improved process guiding and quality assurance purposes.
