Download or read book The Application of High resolution Mesoscale Model Fields with the CALPUFF Dispersion Modelling System in Prince George B C written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution dispersion models that have been accepted by governments and used in regulatory decision-making normally require meteorological data to function. In many situations, the required data are not available and must be collected for a year or more before air quality modelling can begin. An alternative is to use a prognostic mesoscale model to construct meteorological fields in areas where little or no observations exist. This report describes a study to test the effectiveness of using one such model, the Regional Atmospheric Mesoscale Model (RAMS), in conjunction with the CALPUFF dispersion model to model dispersion in complex terrain where little or no meteorological data are available. Three five-day periods of moderate to high sulphur dioxide concentrations in a small area surrounding Prince George, British Columbia, in 1999 are used to test the performance of the model. CALPUFF dispersion estimates using the RAMS fields are compared to estimates determined using data from three surface and one upper-air meteorological stations within the test domain.
Download or read book Application of High resolution Mesoscale Model Fields with the CALPUFF Dispersion Modelling System in Prince George British Columbia written by Bryan Andrew McEwen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hind casting of High Resolution Atmospheric Fields Over Complex Terrain Model Initialization Issues written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: British Columbia has expressed interest in the development of a five-year database of atmospheric conditions at high spatial & temporal resolution to support regulatory dispersion modelling activities & characterization of airsheds outside the Lower Fraser Valley. The focus of this study is to determine if there is a significant improvement in mesoscale model performance when the model is run in hindcast mode using analysis fields every six hours, rather than real-time mode using forecast fields every three hours. As a test, a series of high-resolution (one kilometre) simulations over the Thomson-Okanagan area was conducted with the Regional Atmospheric Modelling System. Simulated fields from both modelling strategies are compared to real observations of surface wind direction & velocity.
Download or read book Atmospheric and Dispersion Modeling in Areas of Highly Complex Terrain Employing a Four dimensional Data Assimilation Technique written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of this study indicate that the current data assimilation technique can have a positive impact on the mesoscale flow fields; however, care must be taken in its application to grids of relatively fine horizontal resolution. Continuous FDDA is a useful tool in producing high-resolution mesoscale analysis fields that can be used to (1) create a better initial conditions for mesoscale atmospheric models and (2) drive transport models for dispersion studies. While RAMS is capable of predicting the qualitative flow during this evening, additional experiments need to be performed to improve the prognostic forecasts made by RAMS and refine the FDDA procedure so that the overall errors are reduced even further. Despite the fact that a great deal of computational time is necessary in executing RAMS and LPDM in the configuration employed in this study, recent advances in workstations is making applications such as this more practical. As the speed of these machines increase in the next few years, it will become feasible to employ prognostic, three-dimensional mesoscale/transport models to routinely predict atmospheric dispersion of pollutants, even to highly complex terrain. For example, the version of RAMS in this study could be run in a ''nowcasting'' model that would continually assimilate local and regional observations as soon as they become available. The atmospheric physics in the model would be used to determine the wind field where no observations are available. The three-dimensional flow fields could be used as dynamic initial conditions for a model forecast. The output from this type of modeling system will have to be compared to existing diagnostic, mass-consistent models to determine whether the wind field and dispersion forecasts are significantly improved.
Download or read book Urban Morphological Analysis for Mesoscale Meteorological and Dispersion Modeling Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accurate predictions of air quality and atmospheric dispersion at high spatial resolution rely on high fidelity predictions of mesoscale meteorological fields that govern transport and turbulence in urban areas. However, mesoscale meteorological models do not have the spatial resolution to directly simulate the fluid dynamics and thermodynamics in and around buildings and other urban structures that have been shown to modify micro- and mesoscale flow fields (e.g., see review by Bornstein 1987). Mesoscale models therefore have been adapted using numerous approaches to incorporate urban effects into the simulations (e.g., see reviews by Brown 2000 and Bornstein and Craig 2002). One approach is to introduce urban canopy parameterizations to approximate the drag, turbulence production, heating, and radiation attenuation induced by sub-grid scale buildings and urban surface covers (Brown 2000). Preliminary results of mesoscale meteorological and air quality simulations for Houston (Dupont et al. 2004) demonstrated the importance of introducing urban canopy parameterizations to produce results with high spatial resolution that accentuates variability, highlights important differences, and identifies critical areas. Although urban canopy parameterizations may not be applicable to all meteorological and dispersion models, they have been successfully introduced and demonstrated in many of the current operational and research mode mesoscale models, e.g., COAMPS (Holt et al. 2002), HOTMAC (Brown and Williams 1998), MM5 (e.g., Otte and Lacser 2001; Lacser and Otte 2002; Dupont et al. 2004), and RAMS (Rozoff et al. 2003). The primary consequence of implementing an urban parameterization in a mesoscale meteorological model is the need to characterize the urban terrain in greater detail. In general, urban terrain characterization for mesoscale modeling may be described as the process of collecting datasets of urban surface cover physical properties (e.g., albedo, emissivity) and morphology (i.e., ground elevation, building and tree height and geometry characteristics) and then processing the data to compute physical cover and morphological parameters. Many of the surface cover and morphological parameters required for mesoscale meteorological models are also needed by atmospheric dispersion models. Thus, most of the discussion below is relevant to both types of modeling. In this paper, the term urban morphological analysis will be used to define the component of urban terrain characterization concerned with the morphological parameters. Furthermore, the focus will be building morphological parameters; therefore, the term urban morphological analysis will refer exclusively to the task of inventorying, computing or estimating building morphological parameters. Several approaches to perform urban morphological analysis exist; however, all have in common three types of practice issues related to the uncertainty of (1) data, (2) parameter definitions and calculation methods, and (3) extrapolation techniques. The objective of this paper is to describe the state-of-the-practice of urban morphological analysis by reviewing the primary approaches presented in the literature and outlining and commenting on key aspects of the three types of practice issues listed above.
Download or read book Air Dispersion Modeling written by Alex De Visscher and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-10-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A single reference to all aspects of contemporary air dispersion modeling The practice of air dispersion modeling has changed dramatically in recent years, in large part due to new EPA regulations. Current with the EPA's 40 CFR Part 51, this book serves as a complete reference to both the science and contemporary practice of air dispersion modeling. Throughout the book, author Alex De Visscher guides readers through complex calculations, equation by equation, helping them understand precisely how air dispersion models work, including such popular models as the EPA's AERMOD and CALPUFF. Air Dispersion Modeling begins with a primer that enables readers to quickly grasp basic principles by developing their own air dispersion model. Next, the book offers everything readers need to work with air dispersion models and accurately interpret their results, including: Full chapter dedicated to the meteorological basis of air dispersion Examples throughout the book illustrating how theory translates into practice Extensive discussions of Gaussian, Lagrangian, and Eulerian air dispersion modeling Detailed descriptions of the AERMOD and CALPUFF model formulations This book also includes access to a website with Microsoft Excel and MATLAB files that contain examples of air dispersion model calculations. Readers can work with these examples to perform their own calculations. With its comprehensive and up-to-date coverage, Air Dispersion Modeling is recommended for environmental engineers and meteorologists who need to perform and evaluate environmental impact assessments. The book's many examples and step-by-step instructions also make it ideal as a textbook for students in the fields of environmental engineering, meteorology, chemical engineering, and environmental sciences.
Download or read book Mesoscale Modeling of the Atmosphere written by Roger Pielke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of several components of mesoscale modeling: boundary conditions, subgrid-scale parameterization, moisture processes, and radiation. Also included are mesoscale model comparisons using data from the U.S. Army's Project WIND (Winds in Non-uniform Domains).
Download or read book Application of an Advanced Atmospheric Mesoscale Model to Dispersion in the Rocky Flats Colorado Vicinity written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric Studies in Complex Terrain (ASCOT) program sponsored a field experiment in the winter of 1991 near Rocky Flats, Colorado. Both meteorological and tracer dispersion measurements were taken. These two data sets provided an opportunity to investigate the influence of terrain-generated, radiatively-driven flows on the dispersion of the tracer. We use the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS), originally developed at Colorado State University, to simulate meteorological conditions and tracer dispersion on the case night of 4-5 February 1991. The simulations described herein reveal considerable information about the extent to which the Rocky Mountains influence the flow along the Front Range, the importance of diffusion when simulating drainage flows and the computing needs of simulations in complex terrain regions.
Download or read book Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling Compliance Guide written by Karl B. Schnelle and published by McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CD-ROM includes: Practice problems that reinforces and deepen understanding of modeling principles.
Download or read book Evaluation and Improvement of High resolution Mesoscale Models on Boundary Layer Simulations Using Ground based Observations written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-term goal of the proposed work is to improve the physical parameterizations and wind forecast from high-resolution COAMPS. This is done through analyses of a large amount of data from the two dense measurement network located on the two Air Force bases and through testing and evaluation of COAMPS simulations.
Download or read book Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling written by Rod Barratt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2001 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2001. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Summary Report on the NCAQ Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling Panel written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Use of the Mesoscale Model RAMS to Provide Local Meteorlogical Input for Modelling Pollutant Transport and Dispersion Over Complex Terrain written by A. W. Vonk and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modelling of Mesoscale Atmospheric Dispersion and the Application of the MESOS Model to the 1957 Windscale Release written by H. M. ApSimon and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Range specific high resolution mesoscale model setup written by Leela Ramaswamy Watson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prognostic Atmospheric and Dispersion Modeling in the Vicinity of Rocky Flats Plant written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multiscale four-dimensional data assimilation technique is incorporated into a mesoscale model and evaluated using meteorological and tracer data collected during the Atmospheric Studies in Complex Terrain (ASCOT) field experiment in the winter of 1991. The mesoscale model is used to predict the interaction of synoptically-driven flows and small-scale circulations influenced by terrain along the Front Range in Colorado in the vicinity of the Rocky Flats Plant for four nocturnal periods during the ASCOT field experiment. Data assimilation is used to create dynamically consistent analysis fields based on the mesoscale forecasts and the special asynoptic data taken during this experiment. The wind and turbulence quantities produced by the mesoscale model are then used to determine the dispersion of a tracer released from the Rocky Flats Plant for each evening. The mesoscale model is able to qualitatively predict the mesobeta-scale drainage flows from the Front Range into the South Platte River basin; however, the largest forecast errors occurred in a region immediately adjacent to the foothills. As expected, the current data assimilation technique reduced the overall errors in the atmospheric and dispersion calculations while the model generated realistic small-scale circulations not resolved by the data. Still, the model did not capture the shallow surface drainage flows just east of the Rocky Flats Plant for two of the evenings during the field experiment.
Download or read book A Real Time Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling System written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes a new 3-D multi-scale atmospheric dispersion modeling system and its on-going evaluation. This system is being developed for both real-time operational applications and detailed assessments of events involving atmospheric releases of hazardous material. It is part of a new, modernized Department of Energy (DOE) National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center (NARAC) emergency response computer system at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. This system contains coupled meteorological data assimilation and dispersion models, initial versions of which were described by Sugiyama and Chan (1998) and Leone et al. (1997). Section 2 describes the current versions of these models, emphasizing new features. This modeling system supports cases involving both simple and complex terrain, and multiple space and time scales from the microscale to mesoscale. Therefore, several levels of verification and evaluation are required. The meteorological data assimilation and interpolation algorithms have been previously evaluated by comparison to observational data (Sugiyama and Chan, 1998). The non-divergence adjustment algorithm was tested against potential flow solutions and wind tunnel data (Chan and Sugiyama, 1997). Initial dispersion model results for a field experiment case study were shown by Leone et al. (1997). A study in which an early, prototype version of the new modeling system was evaluated and compared to the current NARAC operational models showed that the new system provides improved results (Foster et al., 1999). In Section 3, we show example results from the current versions of the models, including verification using analytic solutions to the advection-diffusion equation as well as on-going evaluation using microscale and mesoscale dispersion field experiments.
