Download or read book The Andean Strategy to Control Cocaine written by Melvyn Levitsky and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ANDEAN STRATEGY TO CONTROL COCAINE written by M. LEVITSKY and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Andean Cocaine Industry written by P. Clawson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is commonly known that the Andean nations of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia are the international centers of cocaine production. But until now, there has been no comprehensive view of this billion dollar industry. Using never-before unearthed information culled from their extensive field research, Patrick Clawson and Rensselaer Lee reveal the configuration of the drug industry, from the original cultivation of coca in the fields of South America to the sale of cocaine on the streets of the United States. The authors analyze the economic and political impact of the drug business on the Andean nations, including such problems as violence and the undermining of legitimate business. Through the ground-breaking work of Clawson and Lee, The Andean Cocaine Industry illuminates one of the most pervasive problems facing the world today.
Download or read book Cocaine Production in the Andes written by United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Andean Strategy written by United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The San Antonio Summit and the Andean Strategy written by United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Andean Strategy written by Judith A. Browning and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Andean Strategy was developed and implemented in 1989, as part of the President's National Drug Control Strategy. As the international arm of the President's strategy, the Andean plan was designed to reduce the amounts of illicit drugs entering the United States. It is aimed at supporting the principal cocaine source countries--Colombia, Peru and Bolivia--in their efforts to control and defeat the drug trade. In addition to reducing the cocaine flow into the United States, the key objectives are to strengthen the capability and effectiveness of these countries to disrupt and dismantle the trafficking organizations. This paper intends to assess the effectiveness and viability of the Andean Strategy to achieve its objectives.
Download or read book Cocaine Trafficking in Latin America written by Sayaka Fukumi and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2008 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Union and the United States have identified Latin American cocaine trafficking as a security threat, but their policy responses to it have differed. This book examines the ways in which the EU and the US have conceptualized this threat.
Download or read book Andean Drug Strategy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Andean Cocaine Industry written by Patrick Clawson and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 1998-06-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Andean nations of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia are the heartland of cocaine, as well as a growing heroin source. Using extensive field research, Clawson and Lee examine the configuration of the drug industry from field to arrival in the US, from the farmers to the processors, the traffickers, and the international criminals. They analyze the economic and political impact of the drug business on the Andean nations, including such problems as the undermining of legitimate business and the exacerbation of violence and corruption. The fight against narcotics in the Andean nations has included a wide range of strategies, implemented with varying degrees of enthusiasm - promotion of alternative crops, eradication of plants, destruction of labs, interdiction of flights, and negotiations with drug lords. Some of these policies have had counterproductive social, political, and economic effects, eg, generating popular sympathy for drug kingpins, driving rural populations to support guerrilla movements, attracting new migrant to coca-growing areas, or acting as a coca price support program by destroying excess leaves. The US government has financed much of the Andean counternarcotics effort. Clawson and Lee ask such questions as whether a different mix of policies, with the same dollars spent would have done more to reduce the coca flow, whether curbing narcotics production is an achievable objective (and if not what US overseas programs should attempt to accomplish), and whether the Andean countries would benefit economically and politically from the legalization of drugs.
Download or read book Snow Job written by Kevin Jack Riley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cocaine has had a long and prominent position in the history of American substance abuse. As far back as the late 1800s cocaine was commonly found hi patent medicines, elixirs, and, astonishingly, in the earliest versions of Coca-Cola. Eventually, the potency of cocaine was recognized and its purveyors came under gradual regulation. Events hi the early 1900s kept cocaine use down until World War II, but the extensive drug use of the 1960s once again sparked a national temperance movement. Created in 1989, the Office of National Drug Control Policy maintains responsibility for coordinating and monitoring the nation's countemarcotics policy. But responsibility for coordination and monitoring is not the same thing as control. In Snow Job? Kevin Jack Riley examines source country control policies—policies intended to control the production and export of cocaine from Latin America—and their limitations. Part I draws together drug use, drug production, and drug control policies hi an analytic framework. It goes on to examine the recent history of U.S. drug control policies, source country control policies, the ways hi which cocaine prices affect cocaine use, how cocaine is made, and the vulnerable points in its production. Part II examines the economic effects that production and controls exert on the sources of cocaine—Bolivia and Peru—and probes the Colombian drug lord connection. Part III prescribes an appropriate path for source country cocaine policies and examines their implications for two other widely smuggled drugs, heroin and marijuana. Riley disagrees with analysts who believe that source country control policies can lead to permanent victory hi the war against cocaine, because of the potentially high costs associated with implementing source country control policies on a large scale. He suggests a better strategy would be one that recognizes the severe limits facing interdiction, eradication, and other source country policies, and instead focuses on directing source country resources where they will be most useful. This necessitates defining a regional strategy that elevates political stability and institution building, and demotes traditional countemarcotics objectives. Snow Job? offers original thinking and practical approaches to a multidimensional world problem and will be of interest to policymakers, political scientists, sociologists, and law enforcement officials.
Download or read book The Andean Drug Initiative written by Raphael Perl and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Future of the Andean War on Drugs After the Escape of Pablo Escobar written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Politics of Cocaine written by William L. Marcy and published by Chicago Review Press. This book was released on 2010-02-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on declassified documents and extensive firsthand research, The Politics of Cocaine takes a hard look at the role the United States played in creating the drug industry that thrives in Central and South America. Author William L. Marcy contends that by conflating anti-Communist and counternarcotics policies, the United States helped establish and strengthen the drug trade as the area's economic base. Increased militarization, destabilization of governments, uncontrollable drug trafficking, more violence, and higher death tolls resulted. Marcy explores how the counternarcotics policies of the 1970s collapsed during the 1980s when economic calamity, Andean guerrilla insurgencies, and Reagan's anti-Communist struggle with Nicaragua and Cuba became conflated as part of the War on Drugs. The book then explores how the U.S. invasion of Panama and narcotics related violence throughout Andean region during the 1990s led to the militarization of the War on Drugs as a way to confront narcotics production, narco-traffickers, and narco-guerrillas alike. Marcy brings to the reader up to the end of the George W. Bush administration and explains why to this date the United States remains unable to control the flow of cocaine into the United States and why the War on Drugs appears to be spiraling out of control. The Politics of Cocaine fills in historical gaps and provides a new and controversial analysis of a complex and seemingly unsolvable problem.
Download or read book U S National Drug Control Strategy the Andean Initiative written by Jonathon Scott Davis and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines the reason for the failure of the U.S. National Drug Control Strategy, and the Andean Initiative. Its scope is limited to cocaine trafficking from the Andean nations of Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru, to the United States. It provides the background of those strategies, and analyses various explanations for failure. Based on this analysis, the thesis provides policy recommendations for antidrug efforts, which include increased emphasis on demand-related issues, judicial system consistency and harsher penalties, improvement in domestic and international coordination, and expanded restrictions on U.S. government agencies conducting covert operations. In conclusion, this thesis proposes that any real solution to the drug problem lies not with supply interdiction, and not with expanded foreign assistance, but with targeting user accountability in the United States.
Download or read book Review of the International Aspects of the President s 1990 Drug Control Strategy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coca and Cocaine written by Asociación Peruana de Estudios e Investigaciones para la Paz and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1993-03-24 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Political and economic aspects of cocaine in Peru, Colombia, and Bolivia from the perspective of individuals from those countries"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57
