Download or read book The Analysis of High Frequency Oscillations and Suppression in Epileptic Seizure Data written by Chia-Hung Kuo and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, several techniques for the variability analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) have been developed with application to the detection of high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and suppressed EEG classification. EEG refers to the electrical activities in the subdural or cerebral cortex of the brain and can be recorded by several neurophysiological methods, including noninvasive and invasive recordings. EEG in the range of 40-500 Hz, referred to as HFOs, can be recorded in human brains using depth microelectrodes. Various studies in human or animal models supported that HFOs were related to epileptogensis, and evidence was also provided to suggest that neocortical seizures might begin with low-amplitude HFOs. We apply several HFO detection and FFT-based algorithms to 19 IEEG recordings from the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit at University Hospitals Case Medical Center to further verify the connection between HFO activities and clinical seizure onset. Based on the confirmed onset channel from the recordings, the performance of these HFOs detection algorithms has been evaluated in both the time domain and the frequency domain including full band analysis. The frequency band from 35 to 80 Hz with no overlapping of analysis epochs has been selected for further investigations on the full 100/102 channel recordings. Results from various algorithms including Line-Length, Curve-Length, Benchmark and the algorithm proposed in this work indicated quantifiable changes in HFO energy before and after seizure onset. This suggests that HFOs may play an important role in the development of methods for the detection and prediction of epileptic seizures. Post-ictal generalized EEG suppression (PGES) is an Electroencephalographic (EEG) biomarker for risk of Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). Breathing, movement and muscle artifact can render quantification of PGES difficult. An automated EEG suppression detection algorithm using a genetic algorithm (GA) and adaptive neuro–fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is proposed for detecting EEG suppression after epileptic seizures. The EEG features for separating the normal and suppressed EEG include short-time energy measurement methods and approximate entropy (ApEn). The ANFIS classifier used the GA to select an optimal feature set as the input for classification. Two types of classifiers, patient specific and patient independent, are developed and tested and the results support that the proposed scheme is a robust approach for the detection of EEG suppression. Two-channel and six-channel classifiers using the short-time energy measurement methods obtained from subdividing the 1-9 Hz EEG frequency band have also been developed and tested.

Download or read book Jasper s Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies written by Jeffrey Noebels and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.

Download or read book Methods for Detecting High Frequency Oscillations in Ongoing Brain Signals Application to the Determination of Epileptic Seizure Onset Zones written by Chiran Dilip Doshi and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder with varied expression. Patients with focal onset seizures that are resistant to medications can benefit from ablative surgery. However, localization of the seizure onset zone (SOZ) and characterization of propagation to secondary areas can be challenging. The present study aimed at developing the appropriate signal processing methodology to detect bursts of interictal high-frequency oscillations (HFOs), as a possible signature of the SOZ, in patients with drug-resistant partial epilepsy. Additionally, invasive interictal and ictal intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) data and non-invasive electromagnetic source imaging with magnetoencephalography (MEG) data from three subjects were analyzed. We developed a novel algorithm that extracts HFO bursts from the envelope of iEEG and MEG traces in the [80-300] Hz range. Clusters of HFO events across multichannel iEEG traces were subsequently analyzed to investigate their relative time delays and to infer possible propagation patterns during the interictal period and episodes of ictal onset (iEEG only). The location of iEEG electrodes sustaining the HFO bursts were labeled with respect to the chronometry of the local HFOs. The recording site bearing the smallest rank was labeled as the lead generator of HFO discharges. The aim of using MEG traces was essentially to determine probable SOZ locations non-invasively by extending the results obtained with iEEG. We proposed a new metric referred to as s̀piking index' that was computed at each cortical site in the vicinity of iEEG electrode locations (iEEG and MEG data were obtained for the same patients: iEEG was considered as the standard of reference for MEG results). The sensitivity and specificity of the HFO detector operating from ongoing brain traces were evaluated. Our results indicate that higher values of spiking index and higher rates of HFOs corresponded to brain regions that were identified independently as the SOZ by an expert clinician and as determined by the location and extent of the cortical resection that freed the patients from the seizures. Interictal and ictal iEEG HFO localization showed good concordance with the location of resected areas. The use of interictal data only, if used for surgical planning, would reduce the time required for making decisions regarding the resection of cortex and improve the chances of success of surgery in making patients become seizure-free. Obtaining iEEG data is invasive, with possible risks to the patients, and requires an expensive procedure. Another fundamental disadvantage of iEEG is that the implanted electrode grids and strips needed to cover the supposed abnormal cortical areas for proper determination of the SOZ. Our results indicate that the spiking index and rate map obtained from MEG source maps may provide a non-invasive alternative for determination of the SOZ and may provide greater accuracy to the placement of the implantable electrodes, and eventually avoid an invasive exploratory procedure before surgery.

Download or read book Niedermeyer s Electroencephalography written by Donald L. Schomer and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 1308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading reference on electroencephalography since 1982, Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography is now in its thoroughly updated Sixth Edition. An international group of experts provides comprehensive coverage of the neurophysiologic and technical aspects of EEG, evoked potentials, and magnetoencephalography, as well as the clinical applications of these studies in neonates, infants, children, adults, and older adults. This edition's new lead editor, Donald Schomer, MD, has updated the technical information and added a major new chapter on artifacts. Other highlights include complete coverage of EEG in the intensive care unit and new chapters on integrating other recording devices with EEG; transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation; EEG/TMS in evaluation of cognitive and mood disorders; and sleep in premature infants, children and adolescents, and the elderly. A companion website includes fully searchable text and image bank.

Download or read book Fast Oscillations in Cortical Circuits written by Roger D. Traub and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Fast Oscillations in Cortical Circuits, the authors use a combination of electrophysiological and computer modeling techniques to analyze how large networks of neurons can produce both epileptic seizures and functionally relevant synchronized oscillations.

Download or read book Seizures and Epilepsy written by Jerome Engel Jr and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of 'Seizures and Epilepsy' is completely revised, due to tremendous advances in the understanding of the fundamental neuronal mechanisms underlying epileptic phenomena, as well as current diagnosis and treatment, which have been heavily influenced over the past several decades by seminal neuroscientific developments, particularly the introduction of molecular neurobiology, genetics, and modern neuroimaging. This resource covers a broad range of both basic and clinical epileptology.

Download or read book Understanding Epilepsy written by Vibhangini S. Wasade and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, accessible synthesis of current information on epilepsy for medical trainees and physicians preparing for board certification.

Download or read book Sleep and Epilepsy written by M. B. Sterman and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Myoclonic Epilepsies written by Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2005 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first comprehensive text and clinical reference on idiopathic myoclonic epilepsies of infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. The world’s foremost experts describe the phenotypes and subtypes of myoclonic epilepsies and the underlying molecular defects and summarize cutting-edge advances in molecular genetics that shed new light on the etiologies of these syndromes. The book offers clinicians much-needed assistance in recognizing and diagnosing idiopathic myoclonic epilepsies and selecting appropriate treatment. Each chapter includes diagnostic and treatment algorithms to guide practitioners in clinical decision making.

Download or read book EEG Signal Analysis and Classification written by Siuly Siuly and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-03 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents advanced methodologies in two areas related to electroencephalogram (EEG) signals: detection of epileptic seizures and identification of mental states in brain computer interface (BCI) systems. The proposed methods enable the extraction of this vital information from EEG signals in order to accurately detect abnormalities revealed by the EEG. New methods will relieve the time-consuming and error-prone practices that are currently in use. Common signal processing methodologies include wavelet transformation and Fourier transformation, but these methods are not capable of managing the size of EEG data. Addressing the issue, this book examines new EEG signal analysis approaches with a combination of statistical techniques (e.g. random sampling, optimum allocation) and machine learning methods. The developed methods provide better results than the existing methods. The book also offers applications of the developed methodologies that have been tested on several real-time benchmark databases. This book concludes with thoughts on the future of the field and anticipated research challenges. It gives new direction to the field of analysis and classification of EEG signals through these more efficient methodologies. Researchers and experts will benefit from its suggested improvements to the current computer-aided based diagnostic systems for the precise analysis and management of EEG signals. /div

Download or read book Neuronal Oscillations of Wakefulness and Sleep written by Thien Thanh Dang-Vu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-05-30 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this work is to review recent findings highlighting the mechanisms and functions of the neuronal oscillations that structure brain activity across the sleep-wake cycle. An increasing number of studies conducted in humans and animals, and using a variety of techniques ranging from intracellular recording to functional neuroimaging, has provided important insight into the mechanisms and functional properties of these brain rhythms. Studies of these rhythms are fundamental not only for basic neuroscience, but also for clinical neuroscience. At the basic science level, neuronal oscillations shape the interactions between different areas of the brain and profoundly impact neural responses to the environment, thereby mediating the processing of information in the brain. At the clinical level, brain oscillations are affected in numerous neurological conditions and might provide useful biomarkers that inform about patients’ evolution and vulnerability. During sleep, these brain rhythms could provide functional support to internal states that govern the basic maintenance of local circuit and systemic interactions. During wake, the rhythmicity of cortical and subcortical circuits have been linked with sensory processing, cognitive operations, and preparation for action. This book will attempt to link together these sleep and wake functional roles at the level of neuroimaging and electroencephalographic measures, local field potentials, and even at the cellular level. ​

Download or read book High Frequency Oscillations in the Hippocampus as Biomarkers of Pathology and Healthy Brain Function written by Johannes Sarnthein and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rhythms of the Brain written by G. Buzsáki and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of mechanisms in the brain that allow complicated things to happen in a coordinated fashion have produced some of the most spectacular discoveries in neuroscience. This book provides eloquent support for the idea that spontaneous neuron activity, far from being mere noise, is actually the source of our cognitive abilities. It takes a fresh look at the coevolution of structure and function in the mammalian brain, illustrating how self-emerged oscillatory timing is the brain's fundamental organizer of neuronal information. The small-world-like connectivity of the cerebral cortex allows for global computation on multiple spatial and temporal scales. The perpetual interactions among the multiple network oscillators keep cortical systems in a highly sensitive "metastable" state and provide energy-efficient synchronizing mechanisms via weak links. In a sequence of "cycles," György Buzsáki guides the reader from the physics of oscillations through neuronal assembly organization to complex cognitive processing and memory storage. His clear, fluid writing-accessible to any reader with some scientific knowledge-is supplemented by extensive footnotes and references that make it just as gratifying and instructive a read for the specialist. The coherent view of a single author who has been at the forefront of research in this exciting field, this volume is essential reading for anyone interested in our rapidly evolving understanding of the brain.

Download or read book Modern Concepts of Focal Epileptic Networks written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of International Review of Neurobiology concentrates on modern concepts of focal epileptic networks. The volume addresses specific topics such as seizures (including transition and termination), limbic networks, alteration of metabolism, and neocortical focus and malformation of cortical development, among others. Published since 1959, International Review of Neurobiology is a well-known series appealing to neuroscientists, clinicians, psychologists, physiologists, and pharmacologists. Led by an internationally renowned editorial board, this important serial publishes both eclectic volumes made up of timely reviews, and thematic volumes that focus on recent progress in a specific area of neurobiology research. Our knowledge about the mechanisms involved in pathophysiology of epilepsy has rapidly expanded during last decade This special volume brings overview about modern concepts of epileptic focus organization and about the altered neural network dynamics which results in propensity of the brain tissue to generate spontaneous and repeated seizures

Download or read book The Temporal Lobe and Limbic System written by Pierre Gloor and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the detailed anatomy, physiology, and clinical aspects of the temporal lobe and the limbic system, this monograph makes a timely appearance because of the widespread interest in this subject in relation to epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia. The structural and functional information serves as an important foundation for the detailed anatomical knowledge necessary for the interpretation of imaging. The components of the temporal lobe are characterized. The temporal isocortex is considered from the point of view of its principal cellular constituents, connectivity, columnar organization, and how the cortex embodies experience. The cortical association areas for vision, audition, degustation, visceral sensory function, and olfaction are treated in detail, and the cortical area of the temporal lobe relating to speech is discussed. The structure of the insula, the temporal cortex, and its connectivity to the thalamus, pulvinar, striatum, and claustrum are described thoroughly. A chapter reviews the structure, connections and functions of the olfactory system, as well as its social aspects and pathological conditions. The largest chapter deals with the hippocampus--its anatomy and connections, its cellular architectonics, its relation to memory, and its varied functions. The final chapter details the amygdala, its connections, and its significant role in temporal lobe seizures.

Download or read book The Causes of Epilepsy written by Simon Shorvon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-02 with total page 1013 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanded and revised, this unique book provides concise descriptions of the many causes of epilepsy, for use in clinical practice.

Download or read book Do Seizures Damage the Brain written by Thomas Sutula and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 2002 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the consequences, if any, of repeated brief seizures that are the defining feature of epilepsy? A firm answer to this question has been surprisingly elusive for a variety of reasons. Clearly there is a subset of patients who appear to tolerate seizures with relatively limited long-term consequences, and not all patients are destined to progress to intractability with frequent seizures and disability. This variability and individual susceptibility has made it difficult to make statements that fairly apply to the full range of people with epileptic disorders, whose disorders span a broad spectrum from mild with excellent control and few limitations, to severe with multiple daily seizures and pronounced disability that affects employment, educational performance, an personal life. This volume seeks to explore the spectrum of severe to more subtle damage that may be a consequence of seizures. The contributing authors have addressed these questions and related issues using a variety of methods in experimental models and in patients with epilepsy.