Download or read book The 1975 Lebanese Civil War s written by Racha Ghanem and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thesis explores how the beginning of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990), a ravaging and recent conflict, is interpreted and studied in scholarly works. The lengthy Lebanese historiography on the conflict is riddled with various contradictions on all matters regarding the cause and origin of the Civil War. In this essay, four carefully selected narratives will be introduced and dissected to ultimately reveal the fealties and boundaries in scholarly works. The essay is divided into several chapters in which both the specific type of narrative and its framing devices are demonstrated. The authors’ point of emphasis – domestic dimension, international affairs, or regional actors – determines the differences in the stories they tell. The study is primarily concerned with the effects that the War has had on historical writing and secondly with how this writing has affected the memory of the conflict"--

Download or read book Civil War in Bosnia 1992 94 written by Edgar O'Ballance and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Muslim President of Bosnia battled for almost two years in a 'war the West could not stop', against Serb and Croat separatism, to preserve its entity, saving its sovereignty, but losing half his territory. Western rivalries and changes of policy, endless negotiations, broken promises and cease-fires, and ethnic cleansing on a barbaric scale, with the appearance of concentration camps and atrocities, were the hallmarks of the conflict, of seige, bombardment and starvation, with semi-independent war-loards confiscating a proportion of UN and other food aid for themselves. Rival American and Russian initiatives in March 1994, brought about a cease-fire in Sarajevo, which had been constantly under the television spotlight while being bombarded for almost two years, which it was hoped would spread to other parts of Bosnia in media darkness. Ethnic forward battle lines may become new frontiers.

Download or read book The Lebanese Civil War 1975 1990 Its Causes and Actors written by Andrea Becker and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2002-05-17 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2001 in the subject Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: very good, University of Wyoming (Department of Political Science), course: Politics and Government of the Middle East, language: English, abstract: “The war in Lebanon was the result of several highly connected internal and external conditions that have been in the making for a long time. ... Causal ... forces rooted in the existing social and political structures of the country, while [contributing forces] aggravated the internal conflicts and set the process of confrontation into motion, triggered a set of events already in the making that awaited only the proper time and place.” Regarding this quoted statement, the purpose of our paper is to show the reasons that led to the Civil War in Lebanon from 1975 till 1990. Usually, four causes can be found throughout the literature we used for this paper: the social context within Lebanon itself, namely the unbalanced sectarian or confessional system and socioeconomic problems, namely the United States, Israel and Syria. This paper mainly deals with the causes expressed above. We do not want to describe the war itself in all its details or provide a historical chronology, instead discussion of the war will be restricted to the description of landmark events. However, the named causes worked together in waging the Civil War. One cannot separate them from one another. Mutual interactions took place between them leading to bloodshed and hatred. The Lebanese people needed almost five decades to settle down these causes from which almost all were already present since the independence in 1943. The first attempt to resolve some of the problems with the National Pact of 1943 did not last long, before the second Civil War broke out in 1958. The latest peace agreement, the Taif Accord from 1990, reviewed most of the causes, trying to adopt political measures to prevent another outbreak of violence. Still, the accord did not get rid of the sectarian problem so far. This paper will not deal with these events in great details. References will be made according to their importance for the topic. In this regard, we try to answer not only the questions of the causes but also how they interrelated and how they contributed to the escalation of the situation in Lebanon. Our paper describes first the social context starting with the unbalanced confessional system, followed by the socioeconomic problems. Afterwards we want to write down how the Palestine issue contributed to the Civil war and how the external actors USA, Syria, and Israel caused more and more troubles, which led to the extent of the conflict.

Download or read book Civil War in Lebanon 1975 92 written by E. O'Ballance and published by Springer. This book was released on 1998-10-21 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sixteen-year long civil war in Lebanon was caused by dissatisfaction over the distribution of political power. The system favoured Christians who fought to eject Palestinian armed forces, which sought to use the country as a spring board for attacks into adjacent Israel. Western intervention was repelled by suicide-bombing attacks. Lebanese Christians and Muslims sub-divided to fight each other. Dominated by competing war lords, this civil war was notable for massacres, treachery, atrocities, kidnapping, assassination, changing alliances of convenience, and invasions.

Download or read book Post Conflict Transition in Lebanon written by Lyna Comaty and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing one of the most pressing issues of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) that is still unresolved almost 30 years later, this book adopts a political, sociological, and anthropological approach to look at periods of transition from conflict to peace in Lebanon. Inducing a set of questions about the social and political system, the post-conflict state has been pushing for a politics of amnesty and amnesia. The case study delves into the notion of transition from conflict to peace in Lebanon by looking in the case of the estimated 17,000 people who disappeared during the Civil War. Using the concept of liminality to understand the evolution of the issue over the years, the book follows the trajectory of the relatives of the missing, who have formed a communitas – a group sharing strong feelings of comradeship and brother/sisterhood by virtue of finding themselves in the same situation. Offering a novel way of looking at transitions, the book is a significant contribution to peace studies, and it will be an interest of students and academics working in human rights, political science, and the Middle East disciplines.

Download or read book Friend or Foe written by Nils Hägerdal and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2021-07-06 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When civil conflicts break out in plural societies, violence often occurs along group divides—running the risk of spiraling into ethnic cleansing. Yet for militants who do not seek ethnic separation as a political goal, indiscriminate attacks are detrimental to their cause. Under what circumstances are such combatants more or less likely to commit ethnic violence? Nils Hägerdal examines the Lebanese civil war to offer a new theory that highlights the interplay of ethnicity and intelligence gathering. He shows that when militias can obtain reliable intelligence—particularly in demographically intermixed areas where information can cross ethnic boundaries—they are likely to refrain from indiscriminate tactics. Access to local intelligence helps armed groups distinguish between neutral and hostile non-coethnics to target individual opponents while leaving civilians in peace. Conversely, when militias struggle to access local information, they often fall back on ethnicity as a proxy for political allegiance, with bloody consequences. As intelligence capabilities shape the course of sectarian strife, the role of ethnicity can vary even within a particular conflict. Hägerdal conducted sixteen months of fieldwork in Lebanon, interviewing former militia fighters and commanders and collecting novel statistical evidence. He combines documentation by government agencies, NGOs, local news media, and the United Nations with firsthand narratives by participants to provide an unparalleled account of the processes that generate violence or coexistence when a diverse society descends into armed conflict. Theoretically innovative and descriptively rich, Friend or Foe sheds new light on the logic and dynamics of ethnic violence in civil wars.

Download or read book War s Other Voices written by miriam cooke and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 1996-08-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book challenges the assumption that men write of war, women of the hearth. The Lebanese war has seen the publication of many more works of fiction by women than by men. Miriam Cooke has termed these women the Beirut Decentrists, as they are decentered or excluded from both literary canon and social discourse. Although they may not share religious or political affiliation, they do share a perspective which holds them together. Cooke traces the transformation in consciousness that has taken place among women who observed and recorded the progress towards chaos in Lebanon. During the so-called "two year" war of 1975-76 little comment was made about those (usually men in search of economic security) who left the saturnalia of violence, but with time attitudes changed. Women became aware that they had remained out of a sense of responsibility for others and that they had survived. Consciousness of survival was catalytic: the Beirut Decentrists began to describe a society that had gone beyond the masculinization normal in most wars and achieved an almost unprecedented feminization. Emigration, the expected behavior for men before 1975, became the sin qua non for Lebanese citizenship. The writings of the Beirut Decentists offer hope of an escape from the anarchy. If men and women could espouse the Lebanese women's sense of responsibility, the energy that had fueled the unrelenting savagery could be turned to reconstruction. But that was before the invasion of 1982.

Download or read book Lebanese Civil War written by Tom Cooper and published by Middle East@War. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Largely based on new research and containing previously unpublished material, the highly successful Lebanese Civil War mini-series provides an in-depth insight into a complex, multi-facetted conflict, and an inclusive and balanced, blow-by-blow account of all the known actions in the air, on the ground, and at sea.

Download or read book Women and the Lebanese Civil War written by Jennifer Philippa Eggert and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2022-11-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the reasons for women’s participation in the various Lebanese and Palestinian militias involved in the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990). Whilst most existing accounts of the Civil War in Lebanon either overlook the roles and experiences of women entirely or focus on women as victims or peacemakers only, ‘Women and the Lebanese Civil War’ highlights that women were involved as militants (and often also as fighters) in all of the militias partaking in the war. Analysing individual motivations, organisational characteristics, security-related aspects and societal factors, the book explains why women were included as fighters in some of the militias but not in others. Based on extensive fieldwork in Lebanon, the book is the first comprehensive study of female perpetrators and supporters of political violence during the Lebanese Civil War. Beyond the case of Lebanon, it questions widespread assumptions about the roles of women at times of violent conflict and war.

Download or read book Lebanese Civil War written by Tom Cooper and published by Middle East@War. This book was released on 2019-11-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on military-related developments 'Lebanese Civil War' dissects military forces, their equipment, intention and capabilities, and their combat operations.

Download or read book The War for Lebanon 1970 1985 written by Itamar Rabinovich and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The war for Lebanon -- a conflict of domestic and external forces seeking to shape and control the Lebanese entity -- began long before 1970 and unfortunately did not end in 1983. But these years, the focus of this book, form a particularly significant phase in the history of both Lebanon and its immediate environment. The events of this period unfolded through 4 distinct stages: the collapse of the Lebanese political system between 1970 and 1975; the civil war of 1975-76; the lingering crisis of the years 1976-82; and the war of 1982. This book primarily explores the interplay between Lebanon's domestic politics and developments in the larger Middle East.

Download or read book Off the Wall written by Zeina Maasri and published by I.B. Tauris. This book was released on 2008-12-15 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this illustrated work, Zeina Maasri tells the tumultuous story of the struggle for Lebanon through the poster wars which raged on its streets. From 1975 to 1990, different factions in Lebanon's civil conflict flooded the streets with posters to mobilize their constituencies, undermine their enemies, and create public sympathy for their cause. Showcased here for the first time, the posters display a dramatic clash of cultures, ideologies and meanings. Maasri shows how the iconography of the posters changed over time, and links this to changing political identities and communities as the war progressed. She looks at the aesthetic influences of different groups, from modern Arab visual culture to as far afield as Latin America and revolutionary Iran. She urges a radical rethink of the idea and function of political posters in civil war contexts, too often dismissed as mere 'propaganda', arguing instead that they should be seen as symbolic sites of struggle, every bit as fiercely --

Download or read book Syrian Intervention in Lebanon written by Naomi Joy Weinberger and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1986 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating area study of a major Middle East country in turmoil examines Syria's unusual interventionist role in the Lebanese Civil War as Syria shifted allegiance from the rebels to the Lebanese incumbents.

Download or read book War and Memory in Lebanon written by Sune Haugbolle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sune Haugbolle's often poignant book chronicles the battle over ideas that emerged from the wreckage of the Lebanese civil war.

Download or read book Quagmire in Civil War written by Jonah Schulhofer-Wohl and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rebuts the pervasive 'folk' notion that quagmire is intrinsic to a country or civil war. Shows that quagmire is made, not found.

Download or read book Beirut a child s memory of the Civil war written by Charles Nehme and published by Charles Nehme. This book was released on 2021-01-22 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lebanese Civil War was a multifaceted civil war in Lebanon, lasting from 1975 to 1990 and resulting in an estimated 120,000 fatalities. As of 2012, approximately 76,000 people remain displaced within Lebanon. There was also an exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon as a result of the war. This is my story as a Kid hope you learn more about the ugly sides of wars, is nothing to do with netflix war movies. keywords: war book, civil war book, beirut, Lebanon, middle east conflict, Lebanon civil war, memoir, child experience

Download or read book Civil War in Lebanon 1975 92 written by E. O'Ballance and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 1999-01-11 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sixteen-year long civil war in Lebanon was caused by dissatisfaction over the distribution of political power. The system favoured Christians who fought to eject Palestinian armed forces, which sought to use the country as a spring board for attacks into adjacent Israel. Western intervention was repelled by suicide-bombing attacks. Lebanese Christians and Muslims sub-divided to fight each other. Dominated by competing war lords, this civil war was notable for massacres, treachery, atrocities, kidnapping, assassination, changing alliances of convenience, and invasions.