Download or read book Thallium 201 and Technetium 99m Pyrophospate Myocardial Imaging in the Coronary Care Unit written by F.J.T Wackers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noninvasive visualization of myocardial infarction using radionuclides dates back over eighteen years. Edward A. Carr and William H. Beierwaltes were first to report (1962) successful external imaging of myocardial infarcts in dogs and in man using an Anger scintillation camera. They demonstrated that after intravenous administration of 86Rb or l3ICS an infarct was visualized as a "cold spot", while 203Hg-labeled-chlormeridin resulted in a "hot-spot" image of the infarct. Since then, there have been major developmental improvements in avail able radionuclides, scintillation cameras and computer processing capabilities. In particular, the development of mobile gamma cameras opened the possi bility to obtain high quality images even at the bedside of critically ill patients. Since the development in 1974 of a new radiopharmaceutical, 20lTI and the application of 99mTc-pyrophosphate for myocardial imaging, these imaging agents are widely used for the detection of acute myocardial infarction. However, for practical application, frequently there appears to be uncertainty or even confusion concerning the relative merits of each method.
Download or read book Thallium 201 and Technetium 99m Pyrophospate Myocardial Imaging in the Coronary Care Unit written by F.J.T Wackers and published by Springer. This book was released on 1980-11-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noninvasive visualization of myocardial infarction using radionuclides dates back over eighteen years. Edward A. Carr and William H. Beierwaltes were first to report (1962) successful external imaging of myocardial infarcts in dogs and in man using an Anger scintillation camera. They demonstrated that after intravenous administration of 86Rb or l3ICS an infarct was visualized as a "cold spot", while 203Hg-labeled-chlormeridin resulted in a "hot-spot" image of the infarct. Since then, there have been major developmental improvements in avail able radionuclides, scintillation cameras and computer processing capabilities. In particular, the development of mobile gamma cameras opened the possi bility to obtain high quality images even at the bedside of critically ill patients. Since the development in 1974 of a new radiopharmaceutical, 20lTI and the application of 99mTc-pyrophosphate for myocardial imaging, these imaging agents are widely used for the detection of acute myocardial infarction. However, for practical application, frequently there appears to be uncertainty or even confusion concerning the relative merits of each method.
Download or read book Myocardial Imaging in the Coronary Care Unit written by Frans J. Th Wackers and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thallium 201 Myocardial Imaging written by James L. Ritchie and published by Raven Press (ID). This book was released on 1978 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Noninvasive Imaging of Cardiac Metabolism written by Ernst E. van der Wall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: F.J.Th. WACKERS Metabolic imaging: The future of cardiovascular nuclear imaging? Since cardiovascular nuclear imaging emerged as a new subspecialty in the mid-1970s, the field has gone through an explosive growth. Radionuclide techniques became readily recognized as important new diagnostic aids in the armamentarium of the clinical cardiologist. Initially, cardiovascular nuclear imaging focused on static myocardial imaging using either thallium-201 or technetium-99m-pyrophosphate for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction. Shortly thereafter, multigated equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography became the most widely used noninvasive method for assessing cardiac function. Furthermore, attention and clinical application shifted towards the use of radionuclide techniques in conjunction with exercise testing, either with thallium-20 1 myocardial perfusion imaging or technetium-99m left ventricular function studies. The future of cardiovascular nuclear imaging appeared exciting and promising. However, around 1980 pessimists predicted the premature demise of cardiovascular nuclear imaging with the introduction of digital subtraction angiography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. These doomsayers have been proven wrong: in 1985 cardiovascular nuclear imaging is thriving and, in many centers, even expanding. Although digital substraction angiography and magnetic resonance imaging provided exquisite anatomic detail, for practical evaluation of patients with ischemic heart disease - in the Coronary Care Unit or exercise laboratory - nuclear techniques appeared to be more practical.
Download or read book Thallium Myocardial Perfusion Tomography in Clinical Cardiology written by Dudley J. Pennell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specialists in cardiac imaging offer their extensive experience of performing and interpreting myocardial perfusion studies with thallium 201 and single photon emission tomography in this unique teaching atlas which contains over 1500 colour illustrations.
Download or read book Nuclear Cardiology and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance written by Ernst E. van der Wall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular nuclear medicine emerged 15 years ago as a new noninvasive technique for the detection of human cardiac disease. It arised from the fields of nuclear medicine and cardiology and the cooperation of both specialties has been very productive. At present, nuclear cardiology techniques belong to the routine armamentarium of the clinical cardiologist. Results obtained by perfusion markers, metabolic tracers, and radionuclide angiography have shown to have important impact on patient management. Although exercise electrocardiography and echocar diography yield the large bulk of necessary data in the cardiac patient, nuclear cardiology provides important data that go far beyond the results obtained by the standard procedures. Magnetic resonance imaging is a relative newcomer in cardio logy and has still to prove its value in clinical cardiology . Yet, initial results have been encouraging both in congenital heart disease and in coronary artery disease. This book is based on 16 review publications that have been written throughout the period of 1985 till present time. Most chapters have been published in the period 1989 until 1991; the preceding review papers have been updated as much as possible. Furthermore, Chapter 15 entitled" What's new in cardiac imaging" has been espe cially written for this book. The Chapters 9, 11 and 13 have been recently written and have not been published yet.
Download or read book Nuclear Cardiac Imaging written by Ami E. Iskandrian and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-25 with total page 749 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear cardiac imaging refers to cardiac radiological diagnostic techniques performed with the aid of radiopharmaceuticals, which are perfused into the myocardium as markers. These imaging studies provide a wide range of information about the heart, including the contractility of the heart, the amount of blood supply to the heart and whether parts of the heart muscle are alive or dead. This is essential information for cardiologists, and nuclear imaging has become an increasingly important part of the cardiologist's armamentarium. Iskandrian's text has become a leading book in the field and the fourth edition will continue the tradition. The text is completely updated to reflect the many advances in the field, and, as a new feature, each chapter concludes with a Q&A session on important and difficult clinical issues.
Download or read book Nuclear imaging in clinical cardiology written by M.L. Simoons and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years methods have been developed to study cardiac function, myocardial blood flow and myocardial metabolism with radionuclides. These developments have been facilitated through the introduction of new radiopharmaceuticals, the design of special gamma cameras and dedicated computer systems. However, part of the information provided by nuclear cardiology can also be obtained through other investigations such as echocardiography, exercise electrocardiography and cardiac catheterisation with ventriculography and coronary arteriography. Thus the practising physician must select the most appropriate methodes) of investigation for each patient. Such choices should be based on proper understanding of both the value and the restrictions of each method. In this book the state-of-the-art in nuclear cardiology is reviewed, including radionuclide angiography for analysis of left and right ventricu lar function and for measurement of shunts and regurgitation volumes, perfusion scintigraphy and other methods for measurement of myocardial bloodflow and metabolism and computer processing of radio nuclide Images. Each chapter has been written by an expert from either Europe or the USA, who has contributed to the developments in his particular field. The principles of each method of investigation are described, as well as the precautions that should be taken in order to obtain high quality data. Guidelines are provided for the interpretation ofthe data based on studies in various centers where the methods were developed and tested.
Download or read book Simulation and Imaging of the Cardiac System written by S. Sideman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultrasound velocity tomography allows measurement of cardiac geometries for various phases in the cardiac cycle. The present tomograph makes reconstruc tions at intervals of 20 ms. Because of a lack of clear (intramural) landmarks (except the roots of the papillairy muscle), it is difficult to pinpoint spatial trajectories of particular points in the heart. Therefore, a second method was developed of injecting radiopaque markers in the heart and following their motion patterns during the cardiac cycle with help of a biplane X-ray equipment. The data obtained with both methods can be implemented in our finite element model of the heart to compute intramural stresses and strains. The results obtained sofar with the extended Darcy equation to account for the interaction of blood rheology and tissue mechanics look promising. Further testing with more sophisticated subjects than mentioned in Figure 9 is required before it will be implemented in our finite element model of the heart. We conclude that analysis of regional cardiac function, including regional myocardial blood flow, requires still a major research effort but the results obtained sofar justify, to our opinion, a continuation in this direction. Acknowledgement The authors acknowledge Dr. C. Borst and coworkers for doing the animal experiments and prof. Van Campen and dr. Grootenboer for their participation is some aspects of this work.
Download or read book INIS Atomindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Secondary Prevention in Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Infarction written by P. Mathes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite considerable effort in primary prevention, coronary heart disease continues to be the leading cause of death in the industrialized nations. The patient who survives his first myocardial infarction carries approximately a tenfold risk of recurrence and sudden death when compared to the normal population. The concept of secondary prevention, therefore, has emerged as an active strategy aimed at the reduction of fatal and non-fatal recurrences of myocardial infarction. Apart from risk factors of relevance in primary prevention, secondary prevention is dependent on the extent of the disease itself; in other words the number of vessels involved, the extent of myocar dial damage and the degree of electrical instability. Nonmedical aspects such as the level of education, the degree of social support and the attitude towards stress also appear to influence the prognosis. The aim of this volume is to bring together all those factors relevant to achieving the maximal life span in patients afflicted with a disease that by its very nature is a lifelong process. However, as the late Paul Dudley White stated appropriately more than 40 years ago, it is not sufficient merely to add years to a life, one should also add life to the years. This concept truly is the nucleus of secondary prevention, sine only a life worth living generates the motivitation needed to take all the steps necessary in secondary pre vention. The authors and the editor are most grateful to Pharma Schwarz Inc.
Download or read book Stress and Heart Disease written by R. E. Beamish and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been known or suspected for centuries that there is an association between mind and emotions and the occurrence of heart disease apd sudden death. During the past fifty years this relationship has become identified with the concept of Stress, a notion developed and popularized by Hans Selye. In recent years there has been an upward surge of interest in stress by scientists in several disciplines and by the general public. Although, books, journal articles, seminars and media programs devoted to stress now abound, the definition, manifestations, mechanisms, and management of stress remain uncertain and controversial. In an attempt to clarify the situation an International Symposium on Stress and Heart Disease was held in Winnipeg, Canada, June 26-29, 1984, and the proceedings form the basis of this book and its companion volume "Patho genesis of Stress-Induced Heart Disease". Although most species which have ever existed are now extinct through countless millenia, the human species has successfully adapted to changing conditions ("stressors") such as ice ages, predators and parasites, wars, famine and plague, and now it is coping with rapidly changing social, economic and political circumstances. Such adaptation occurs at all levels of life- at the molecular level within the cell, at the level of the whole cell, in the groups of cells as organs, in the entire organism or individual, and in some cases, in the society in which the individual lives.
Download or read book Cardiac Arrhythmias New Therapeutic Drugs and Devices written by J. Morganroth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In summary, there are many animal models that are useful in selecting new antiarrhythmic drugs. The selection of which model is most idea depends upon precisely what question is being asked. The large number of experimental models used to evaluate antiarrhythmic compounds points out the inability of anyone model to define the probability of antiarrhythmic efficacy in man. It has therefore become standard practice to utilize a batter of animal models for the evaluation of new antiarrhythmic agents. Each model has its own advantages and disadvantages and it is necessary to understand each model fully in oder to evaluate experimental findings and apply them to clinical settings. We believe that the availability of the chronic myocardial infarction ventricular tachyarrhythmia model provides 1) an excellent opportunity to more precisely understand arrhythmia mechanisms, 2) to develop new techniques such as signal averaging for evaluating late low level potentials identifying hearts at high risk of sudden death 3) to identify new antifibrillatory drugs versus drugs that are effective primarily against PVC's and ventricular tachycardia 4) to identify new surgical techniques to eliminate VT/VF, and 5) to evaluate new pacing modalities including implantable cardioverters. Although all animal models are wrong, many are very useful in furthering our knowledge directed at decreasing the distressingly high mortality from heart disease. NORMAL HtART TACHYCMDIA HtART , .. '" \ I I I I I I I I I .
Download or read book Improvement of Myocardial Perfusion written by J. Meyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the manuscripts of the majority of the papers given during the symposium 'Improvement of Myocardial Perfusion' which was held from Sep tember 27-29,1984 in Mainz/Germany. It has been the purpose of this meeting to focus the interest of scientifically and clinically interested cardiologists on the new developments in this field. We therefore chose the subtitle 'Medical-Mechanical -Surgical Approach'. The medical improvements in myocardial perfusion have been brought about by the application of streptokinase, urokinase and tissue-type plasminogen ac tivator in the first hours after the onset of an acute myocardial infarction. The different modes of application and the possibilities to evaluate and eventually to quantify the results of these treatments were addressed during the first part of the meeting. The mechanical way to improve perfusion nowadays mainly consists of the application of intracoronary balloon angioplasty. Although since 1977 the treat ment has become a routine method, several questions are still open such as the exact mode of action, the reaction of the vessel wall, the optimal pressure and balloon size as well as the long term results and the prevention of restenosis.
Download or read book Cardiac Left Ventricular Hypertrophy written by Henk Keurs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is usually considered to be a compen satory adjustment of heart muscle to an inreased work load. LVH develops in the course of valvular or congenital heart disease, or when part of the myocardium is damaged by long-standing ischemia or infarction. In the hypertrophied heart the muscle fibers increase in size, not in number. The fibers are found to contain a larger number of myofibrils and the cell organelles are larger. From epidemiologic studies it is known that even mild LVH is associated with myocardial ischemia, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Most cases of LVH show focal degenerative tissue changes including cellular atrophy, myofibrillar disorganization, interstitial fibrosis, and loss of intracellular connections. Myocardial dysfunction develops and, unlike the functional adaptive changes found in pure hypertrophy, is not reversible by surgical treatment of the valvular heart disease or medical correction of hypertension. Interstitial fibrosis, intracellular changes of musc Ie cells, and loss of contract ile tissue lead to poor mechanical function and undoubtedly increase the risk of ischemia, arrhythmias, or sudden death, a well-recognized problem in patients with a variety of heart diseases. Even When successfully treated, the patients may remain at risk if the compensatory hypertrophy is not fully reversed. Epidemiologic studies conducted in the Framingham population in the early 1950' s demonstrated LVH according to electrocardiographic criteria in 1. 5% of the population; 2% of the population had LVH according to chest X-ray criteria.
Download or read book Pediatric and Fundamental Electrocardiography written by Jerome Liebman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of electrocardiography is at a cross roads. We have reached an era in cardiovascular about the electrical state of the heart not likely to be available in any other imaging techniques. medicine where it is claimed that "imaging" is king. The innovative and useful ultrasound And, in the body surface potential map, we have an imaging technique that goes beyond struc techniques continue to develop, and, in the wings lie magnetic resonance, position emission, ture-the only other being, perhaps, magnetic resonance, which has the potential for metabolic and, perhaps, other modalities. Consequently, there are those who state that, other than the imaging. Clinical electrocardiography is impor problems related to cardiac rhythm, electro tant not only as a diagnostic tool for it can truly cardiography as a discipline is passe. In addi give insight into the effect of the disease in question on the heart muscle itself. tion, although there is continued superb work in the basic science related to arrhythmias, only Therefore, it seemed now to be appropriate to a handful of scientists are interested in the bring together leaders in the various fields of myocardial source per se. And few scientists are electrocardiography with the only constraint interested in what happens to that myocardial being a concentration on newer concepts and electrical source on its trip from the endo ideas.
