Download or read book TG 204 Size Specific Dose Estimates SSDE in Pediatric and Adult Body CT Examinations TG 204 Developed in Collaboration Wi written by John Boone and published by . This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pediatric and Adult Body CT Examinations written by Md. Moniruzzaman and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-07 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the case of computed tomography (CT) scan, the measurement of effective dose is very essential. A patient size-dependent factor will be used to estimate patient dose from scanner output indices (e.g. Computed tomography dose index, CTDIvol) for patients of different sizes. The size dependent factor shall be used over a range of patient sizes, and extends to large patients as well as small patients.This research performed the estimation of effective dose during CT scan of brain of patients by using PMMA 32 cm reference phantom for treatment planning. The effective dose has been calculated for different patients after CT scan of head or brain. To estimate the effective dose different parameters like anterior posterior (AP), lateral (LAT), AP+LAT dimension, effective diameter, dose length product (DLP) and size specific dose estimate (SSDE) have been calculated. The calculated value of effective dose was in the range of (346-587) mSv. The relations of effective diameter with AP, LAT, AP+LAT dimension, SSDE and age of the patients have been analyzed.
Download or read book The Effects of Metal on Size Specific Dose Estimation SSDE in CT written by Maram M. Alsanea and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past number of years there has been a significant increase in the awareness of radiation dose from use of computed tomography (CT). Efforts have been made to reduce radiation dose from CT and to better quantify dose being delivered. However, unfortunately, these dose metrics such as CTDIvol are not a specific patient dose. In 2011, the size-specific dose estimation (SSDE) was introduced by AAPM TG-204 which accounts for the physical size of the patient. However, the approach presented in TG-204 ignores the importance of the attenuation differences in the body. In 2014, a newer methodology that accounted for tissue attenuation was introduced by the AAPM TG-220 based on the concept of water equivalent diameter, Dw. One of the limitation of TG-220 is that there is no estimation of the dose while highly attenuating objects such as metal is present in the body. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the accuracy of size-specific dose estimates in CT in the presence of simulated metal prostheses using a conventional PMMA CTDI phantom at different phantom diameter (body and head) and beam energy. Titanium, Cobalt- chromium and stainless steel alloys rods were used in the study. Two approaches were used as introduced by AAPM TG-204 and 220 utilizing the effective diameter and the Dw calculations. From these calculations, conversion factors have been derived that could be applied to the measured CTDIvol to convert it to specific patient dose, or size specific dose estimate, (SSDE). Radiation dose in tissue (f-factor = 0.94) was measured at various chamber positions with the presence of metal. Following, an average weighted tissue dose (AWTD) was calculated in a manner similar to the weighted CTDI (CTDIw). In general, for the 32 cm body phantom SSDE220 provided more accurate estimates of AWTD than did SSDE204. For smaller patient size, represented by the 16 cm head phantom, the SSDE204 was a more accurate estimate of AWTD that of SSDE220. However, as the quantity of metal increased it was shown that SSDE220 became more accurate where the percentage error was within ±4% of the AWTD. In addition, the acquired axial CT images were reconstructed both with and without a single energy metal artifact reduction algorithm (SEMAR), to study the effect on Dw. The Dw calculations used to determine SSDE220 varied by less than 0.2% between the images reconstructed with and without the metal artifact reduction algorithm. For the majority of the scans percentage error observed with 100 kVp is less than that with 120 kVp for SSDE204. Finally, a comparison of the manually calculated SSDE220 and that calculated by the Radimetrics software, showed an overestimation of SSDE values reported by the software compared to the manually calculated measurements which is due to an underestimation of Dw values calculated by the software. This underestimation resulted from including the slices effected by the cone beam artifact in SSDE calculations.
Download or read book Radiation Dose from Multidetector CT written by Denis Tack and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computed tomography (CT) is a powerful technique providing precise and confident diagnoses. The burgeoning use of CT has resulted in an exponential increase in collective radiation dose to the population. Despite investigations supporting the use of lower radiation doses, surveys highlight the lack of proper understanding of CT parameters that affect radiation dose. Dynamic advances in CT technology also make it important to explain the latest dose-saving strategies in an easy-to-comprehend manner. This book aims to review all aspects of the radiation dose from CT and to provide simple rules and tricks for radiologists and radiographers that will assist in the appropriate use of CT technique. The second edition includes a number of new chapters on the most up-to-date strategies and technologies for radiation dose reduction while updating the outstanding contents of the first edition. Vendor perspectives are included, and an online image gallery will also be available to readers.
Download or read book Patient Dosimetry for X rays Used in Medical Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Innovations in Biomedical Engineering written by Marek Gzik and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest developments in the field of biomedical engineering and includes practical solutions and strictly scientific considerations. The development of new methods of treatment, advanced diagnostics or personalized rehabilitation requires close cooperation of experts from many fields, including, among others, medicine, biotechnology and finally biomedical engineering. The latter, combining many fields of science, such as computer science, materials science, biomechanics, electronics not only enables the development and production of modern medical equipment, but also participates in the development of new directions and methods of treatment. The presented monograph is a collection of scientific papers on the use of engineering methods in medicine. The topics of the work include both practical solutions and strictly scientific considerations expanding knowledge about the functioning of the human body. We believe that the presented works will have an impact on the development of the field of science, which is biomedical engineering, constituting a contribution to the discussion on the directions of development of cooperation between doctors, physiotherapists and engineers. We would also like to thank all the people who contributed to the creation of this monograph—both the authors of all the works and those involved in technical works.
Download or read book Controversies in Pediatric Appendicitis written by Catherine J. Hunter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-17 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although appendicitis is the leading cause of an acute surgical abdomen in children, many areas of controversy exist in diagnosis and medical and surgical management of this condition. Written in a practical, easy-to-use format, Controversies in Pediatric Appendicitis provides a thorough overview of these debated issues, careful to include perspectives on every aspect of care. The book begins with an introductory framework that examines the history of pediatric appendicitis, the epidemiology of disease, defining a complicated diagnosis, the role and efficacy of laboratories in diagnosis, and use and overuse of radiographic imaging for appendicitis. Later chapters cover antibiotic selection, surgical approaches to appendicitis, non-operative management of acute and perforated appendicitis, discussion of potential complications, as well as appendicitis in special pediatric situations like malignancy and other instances of immune suppression. Each chapter follows a similar format, beginning with clinical vignettes and concluding with pearls and pitfalls to provide readers with necessary clinical grounding and context with which to examine each of these areas of current controversy. A unique, first-of-its-kind book, Controversies in Pediatric Appendicitis is an ideal resource for pediatric surgeons, interventional radiologists, emergency room specialists, and all providers and surgeons that care for children with appendicitis.
Download or read book Pharmacologic Therapy of Ocular Disease written by Scott M. Whitcup and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-05 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been major advancements in the pharmacologic treatment of eye diseases over the past decade. With newly discovered disease targets and novel approaches to deliver therapeutic compounds to the eye, patients are seeing improved outcomes. Not only are there better treatments for diseases where treatments existed, we now have effective therapy for previously untreatable and blinding eye disorders. This volume will cover the pharmacologic treatment of eye diseases from the front of the eye including eyelids, conjunctiva and cornea all the way back to the retina and optic nerve. The first section of the volume reviews general principles of ocular pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmaceutical sciences, and drug delivery. In addition, the volume provides an up to date guide to the pharmacologic approach to the key eye diseases that threaten sight or ocular function.
Download or read book Radiation Protection in Nuclear Medicine written by Sören Mattsson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-14 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains clearly and in detail all aspects of radiation protection in nuclear medicine, including measurement quantities and units, detectors and dosimeters, and radiation biology. Discussion of radiation doses to patients and to embryos, fetuses, and children forms a central part of the book. Phantom models, biokinetic models, calculations, and software solutions are all considered, and a further chapter is devoted to quality assurance and reference levels. Occupational exposure also receives detailed attention. Exposure resulting from the production, labeling, and injection of radiopharmaceuticals and from contact with patients is discussed and shielding calculations are explained. The book closes by considering exposure of the public and summarizing the "rules of thumb" for radiation protection in nuclear medicine. This is an ideal textbook for students and a ready source of useful information for nuclear medicine specialists and medical physics experts.
Download or read book Status of Computed Tomography Dosimetry for Wide Cone Beam Scanners written by I. D. McLean and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication supports an interim solution to the dosimetric problems caused by modern computed tomography (CT) equipment, particular with respect to the wide X ray beam angles increasing seen in clinical practice. It reviews the development of current CT dose formalisms up to the current International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) methodologies and presents practical measurement guidance in the implementation of new dosimetric methods needed with wide beam CT. Additional items of discussions are current approaches of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine in the USA to CT dosimetry as well as calibration aspects of CT dosimetric instrumentation. A summary describes the present status of CT dosimetry and provides recommendations for future action.
Download or read book Pediatric Heart Disease written by Piers Daubeney and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-08 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A companion book to Adult Congenital Heart Disease that will concentrate on the practical management of children with heart conditions. This is aimed at general paediatricians and physicians who are responsible for ongoing management, rather than specialists concerned with acute or rare presentations. The book will be illustrated with relevant radiology scans, demonstrating which investigations are appropriate, and will provide the relevant information for the generalist on patient management for different lesions. A section on emergency management is also included. Authorship is international, with contributions from both sides of the Atlantic and from Japan.
Download or read book Radiation Physics for Medical Physicists written by Ervin B. Podgorsak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-02 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes basic knowledge of atomic, nuclear, and radiation physics that professionals need for efficient and safe use of ionizing radiation. Concentrating on the underlying principles of radiation physics, it covers prerequisite knowledge for medical physics courses on the graduate and post-graduate levels, providing the link between elementary physics on the one hand and the intricacies of the medical physics specialties on the other.
Download or read book Pediatric Imaging written by Steven L. Blumer and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2023-10-17 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prepare for success on the pediatric imaging component of the radiology Core Exam! Pediatric Imaging: A Core Review, 2nd Edition, by Drs. Steven L. Blumer, David M. Biko, and Safwan S. Halabi, is an up-to-date, practical review tool written specifically for the Core Exam. This helpful resource contains over 300 image-rich, multiple-choice questions with detailed explanations of right and wrong answers, revised content, and additional eBook questions to ensure you’re ready for the Core Exam or recertification exam.
Download or read book Cardiac CT and MR for Adult Congenital Heart Disease written by Farhood Saremi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-22 with total page 735 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first major textbook to address both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) cardiac imaging of adults for the diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD). Since the introduction of faster CT scanners, there has been tremendous advancement in the diagnosis of CHD in adults. This is mostly due to the higher spatial resolution of CT compared to MR, which enables radiologists to create more detailed visualizations of cardiac anatomic structures, leading to the discovery of anomalous pathologies often missed by conventional MR imaging. This book is unique in highlighting the advantages of both CT and MR for the diagnosis of CHD in adults, focusing on the complementary collaboration between the two modalities that is possible. Chapters include discussions of case examples, clinical data, MR and CT image findings, and correlative cadaveric pictures. The chapters focus not only on the diagnosis of the primary problem, but also give readers information on visual clues to look for that often reveal associated pathologies. This book appeals primarily to diagnostic and interventional radiologists, as well as cardiologists and interventional cardiologists.
Download or read book Congenital Heart Disease in Pediatric and Adult Patients written by Ali Dabbagh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-09 with total page 1018 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congenital Heart Disease in Pediatric and Adult Patients: Anesthetic and Perioperative Management provides a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of care of the pediatric patient undergoing cardiac surgery and anesthesia. After introductory chapters that encompass pediatric cardiovascular embryology, physiology and pharmacology, diagnostic approaches and preoperative considerations are explained. The intraoperative management of a wide range of specific lesions is then discussed, with full descriptions of anesthesia plans added with descriptions on diagnostic methods and surgical interventions. Postoperative care is also addressed, and a concluding section considers anesthesia outside the cardiac operating room. In the twenty-first century, advances in minimally invasive technology have led to the introduction of a wide array of pediatric cardiac procedures. More traditional surgical procedures have also been transformed by new devices and surgical approaches. The cardiac anesthesiologist is faced with an ever-increasing role in the perioperative care of pediatric patients undergoing cardiologic procedures in operating rooms, as well as less conventional locations. In this book, accomplished experts from around the world in the fields of pediatric anesthesia, cardiology, and cardiac surgery describe the multiple facets of caring for this very unique patient population.
Download or read book Quality Assurance Programme for Computed Tomography written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents a harmonized approach to quality assurance in the field of computed tomography applied to both diagnostics and therapy. It gives a careful analysis of the principles and specific instructions that can be used for a quality assurance programme for optimal performance and reduced patient dose in diagnostic radiology. In some cases, radiotherapy programmes are making a transition from 2-D to 3-D radiotherapy, a complex process which critically depends on accurate treatment planning. In this respect, the authors also provide detailed information about the elements needed for quality assurance testing, including those relating to accurate patient characterization as needed for radiotherapy treatment planning.
Download or read book Khan s The Physics of Radiation Therapy written by Faiz M. Khan and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2014-04-03 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expand your understanding of the physics and practical clinical applications of advanced radiation therapy technologies with Khan's The Physics of Radiation Therapy, 5th edition, the book that set the standard in the field. This classic full-color text helps the entire radiation therapy team—radiation oncologists, medical physicists, dosimetrists, and radiation therapists—develop a thorough understanding of 3D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), high dose-rate remote afterloaders (HDR), intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), and proton beam therapy, as well as the physical concepts underlying treatment planning, treatment delivery, and dosimetry. In preparing this new Fifth Edition, Dr. Kahn and new co-author Dr. John Gibbons made chapter-by-chapter revisions in the light of the latest developments in the field, adding new discussions, a new chapter, and new color illustrations throughout. Now even more precise and relevant, this edition is ideal as a reference book for practitioners, a textbook for students, and a constant companion for those preparing for their board exams. Features Stay on top of the latest advances in the field with new sections and/or discussions of Image Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT), Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), and the Failure Mode Event Analysis (FMEA) approach to quality assurance. Deepen your knowledge of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) through a completely new chapter that covers SBRT in greater detail. Expand your visual understanding with new full color illustrations that reflect current practice and depict new procedures. Access the authoritative information you need fast through the new companion website which features fully searchable text and an image bank for greater convenience in studying and teaching. This is the tablet version which does not include access to the supplemental content mentioned in the text.
