Download or read book Tests of the Performance of Coatings for Low Ice Adhesion written by David N. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ice Adhesion written by K. L. Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book presents ways to mitigate the disastrous effects of snow/ice accumulation and discusses the mechanisms of new coatings deicing technologies. The strategies currently used to combat ice accumulation problems involve chemical, mechanical or electrical approaches. These are expensive and labor intensive, and the use of chemicals raises serious environmental concerns. The availability of truly icephobic surfaces or coatings will be a big boon in preventing the devastating effects of ice accumulation. Currently, there is tremendous interest in harnessing nanotechnology in rendering surfaces icephobic or in devising icephobic surface materials and coatings, and all signals indicate that such interest will continue unabated in the future. As the key issue regarding icephobic materials or coatings is their durability, much effort is being spent in developing surface materials or coatings which can be effective over a long period. With the tremendous activity in this arena, there is strong hope that in the not too distant future, durable surface materials or coatings will come to fruition. This book contains 20 chapters by subject matter experts and is divided into three parts— Part 1: Fundamentals of Ice Formation and Characterization; Part 2: Ice Adhesion and Its Measurement; and Part 3: Methods to Mitigate Ice Adhesion. The topics covered include: factors influencing the formation, adhesion and friction of ice; ice nucleation on solid surfaces; physics of ice nucleation and growth on a surface; condensation frosting; defrosting properties of structured surfaces; relationship between surface free energy and ice adhesion to surfaces; metrology of ice adhesion; test methods for quantifying ice adhesion strength to surfaces; interlaboratory studies of ice adhesion strength; mechanisms of surface icing and deicing technologies; icephobicities of superhydrophobic surfaces; anti-icing using microstructured surfaces; icephobic surfaces: features and challenges; bio-inspired anti-icing surface materials; durability of anti-icing coatings; durability of icephobic coatings; bio-inspired icephobic coatings; protection from ice accretion on aircraft; and numerical modeling and its application to inflight icing.

Download or read book Double Lap Shear Testing of Coating Modified Ice Adhesion to Specific Shuttle Component Surfaces written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goals of this experimental program were to optimize the effectiveness of an icephobic coating for use on several Space Shuttle surfaces, to evaluate the effects of adding an ultraviolet light absorber (UVA) on coating performance, and to assess the consistency and durability of the basic coating and its modifications. The double lap shear test was used to quantify ice adhesion performance at a constant temperature of 112 C (170 F). The experiments used ice that was grown as strong and consistently as possible before being subjected to the extreme temperature decrease. Standardized coating application with a foam brush provided consistent and reproducible surface coverage. The program included 20 tests subdivided in two phases. Phase 1 focused on determining an optimal coating of Rain-X and varying weight fractions of PTFE powders MP-55 and UF-8TA. Ice adhesion to the UF-8TA coatings was similar to that of the uncoated controls. Conversely, the MP-55 coatings produced large reductions in ice adhesion. Through three cycles of phase 1 testing the M4 coating, a mixture of 60% Rain-X with 40% MP- 55, was the best and most consistent by a wide margin. As a result, M4 was the basis of all phase 2 mixes. Phase 2 tests sought to verify the effectiveness and durability of the optimal coating for several surfaces on the shuttle and to quantify any changes in effectiveness resulting from the addition of UVA to the coating. The ice adhesion to coated coupons with Koropon, Kapton tape, Kapton film, and Fire-X (fire-retardant paint) surfaces was a small fraction of the adhesion to corresponding uncoated coupons. Rain-X solvent loss during prolonged coating preparation caused a greater increase in ice adhesion than that of adding the UVA. A rapid mixing procedure was developed to minimize this problem. The M4 coating showed outstanding performance and durability through five cycles of ice growth and adhesive failure.

Download or read book Toward Polymer Coatings with Easy Ice Release written by Chenyu Wang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Minimizing adhesion of ice has been the subject of extensive studies for applications such aircraft wings, wind turbine blades spacecraft, power transmission wires, while a growing interest concerns coatings for aerospace applications. The work described here describes progress for coatings and ice release test method development over the last few years. Major achievements include: (1) New Rigid Adherent-Resistant Elastomers (RARE), (2) A new Epoxied Cylinder (EC) adhesion test, (3) Validation of an ice release test, and (4) Study of ice adhesion strength on coating thickness for a PDM.S. elastomer. Rigid Adhesion-Resistance Elastomers (RARE) are comprised of 3F 1 terminated with triethoxysilane moieties and linear 3F polyurethane (U-3F). Hybrid compositions U-3F-x are designated by polyurethane weight percent "x". Interestingly, RARE coatings spontaneously "self-stratify" during coating deposition and cure. Cured RARE coatings are comprised of (1) a nanoscale surface layer with low work of adhesion, (2) a low modulus mesoscale and (3) a tough U-3F bulk, where "Mesoscale" is defined as a near surface region with a depth ~ 1000 nm. An EC adhesion test was developed to evaluate the fouling release characteristics of RARE. EC adhesion testing was devised by using the commercially available instrument, TA RSA-3. The TA RSA-3 is well suited for these tests as the 3.5 kg load cell facilitates accurate measurements. This test gives peak force (Ps) for EC removal. A striking compositional dependence was found for EC adhesion. A U-3F-50 hybrid coating had the lowest adhesion (Ps = 0.078 MPa) with good toughness (6.2 MPa). Bulk and surface characterization together with adhesion measurements established U-3F-x hybrid coatings, and U-3F-50 in particular, as new fluorous rigid adherent-resistant elastomers (RARE) that are tough, oil resistant, and optically transparent. Inspired by the Epoxied Cylinder (EC) adhesion test, a laboratory method for ice adhesion measurement with a commercially available instrument was established in the Wynne Laboratory. This is the first laboratory ice adhesion test that does not require a custom built apparatus. The temperature controlled chamber on TA RSA-3 is an enabling feature that is essential for the test. The method involves removal of an ice cylinder from a polymer coating with a probe and the determination of peak removal force (Ps). To validate the test method, the strength of ice adhesion was determined for a prototypical glassy polymer, poly(methyl methacrylate). The distance of the probe from the PMMA surface has been identified as a critical variable for Ps. The new test provides a readily available platform for investigating fundamental surface characteristics affecting ice adhesion. In addition to the ice release test, PMMA coatings were characterized using DSC, DCA and TM-AFM. This new laboratory ice release test was then employed to obtain the thickness dependence of ice adhesion for Sylgard 184, a filled polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. A correlation between ice adhesion and coating thickness (t) was found, that follows a relationship developed by Kendall over 40 years ago for removal of a rigid object from an elastomer. In particular, a nearly linear relationship between peak removal stress (Ps) and 1/t1/2 was found, with Ps decreasing from 550 kPa to 100 kPa with coating thickness increasing from 12[micro]m to 800[micro]m. While work of adhesion, which is related to surface free energy, is recognized as an important factor that can affect ice release, the results reported herein show that coating thickness can override this single parameter for elastomeric substrates. Base on the result, a general model is proposed for the removal of ice from low modulus elastomers (~10 MPa).

Download or read book Ice Adhesion written by K. L. Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-10-21 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book containing 18 chapters is divided into three parts: Part 1: Fundamentals of Ice Formation and Ice Characteristics; Part 2: Ice Adhesion and Its Measurement; and Part 3: Methods to Mitigate Ice Adhesion. The topics covered Include: Factors influencing the formation, adhesion and friction of ice; ice nucleation on solid surfaces; physics of ice nucleation and growth on a surface; condensation frosting; defrosting properties of structured surfaces; relationship between surface free energy and ice adhesion to surfaces; metrology of ice adhesion; test methods for quantifying ice adhesion strength to surfaces; interlaboratory studies of ice adhesion strength; mechanisms of surface icing and deicing technologies; anti-icing using microstructured surfaces; durability assessment of icephobic coatings; bio-inspired icephobic coatings; challenges in rational fabrication of icephobic surfaces; protection from ice accretion on aircraft; and numerical modeling and its application to inflight icing.

Download or read book Atmospheric Icing of Power Networks written by Masoud Farzaneh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-20 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive book that documents the fundamentals of atmospheric icing and surveys the state of the art in eight chapters, each written by a team of experienced and internationally renowned experts. The treatment is detailed and richly illustrated.

Download or read book Ice Adhesion Tests on Coatings Subjected to Rain Erosion written by L. David Minsk and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seeking Low Ice Adhesion written by John M. Sayward and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Icing impairs operation of helicopters and other aircraft, antennae, power and communication lines, shipping and superstructures, canal locks, etc. Prevention or easier removal of icing requires reduction of its adhesion strength. Literature study shows that adhesion results from secondary (van der Waals) forces yet exceeds normal cohesive strengths. It depends on free surface energy, low contact angle, good contact and wetting, cleanliness, and texture. Modes of adhesion testing are briefly discussed. Poor adhesion occurs with low energy surfaces or contaminants, e.g. hydrocarbons, fluorocarbons, waxes, oils, etc., particularly when textured or porous. The resulting low contact angle, poor wetting and occlusion of air at the interface weaken the bond or provide stress loci which can initiate cracks and failure. Coefficient of expansion differences may help in release of ice. Further ideas appear among the 100 abstracts presented. A survey of over 300 manufacturers produced over 100 replies. Half of them offered some 100 products deemed worth testing. These are listed with addresses and contacts.

Download or read book Ice Adhesion Tests on Coatings Subjected to Rain Erosion written by L. David Minsk and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Screening tests to select ice phobic coatings displaying low ice release forces, both before and after exposure to rain erosion in a whirling arm simulator, were performed on approximately 60 commercial materials. A unique linear ball-slide shear test apparatus was designed to provide pure shear forces. No coating survived the erosion test to give an interfacial shear strength as low as 15 psi (103 kPa), an arbitrarily established goal. Several coatings showed shear strengths between 30 and 45 psi (207 and 310 kPa) after rain erosion.

Download or read book Contamination Mitigating Polymeric Coatings for Extreme Environments written by Christopher J. Wohl and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​This volume provides perspectives on the approaches, mechanisms, test methods, durability considerations, and environmental concerns for contamination mitigating coatings and polymers with emphasis on their use in more extreme aerospace and marine terrestrial environments. Parts of the Volume are devoted to application of biomimetics to contamination mitigation polymeric coatings, low ice adhesion surfaces, insect residue adhesion resistance coatings, and marine biofouling mitigation materials. By juxtaposing ice insect, and marine mitigation approaches, researchers and users may more easily identify threads of similarity that will assist in future developments and potential applications in these areas. The volume is of interest to chemists and material scientists in providing awareness of both the need for efficacy in mitigating contamination and for appropriate coating durability; to physicists in providing better understanding of the interaction between the contaminant, the coated surface, and the surrounding environment; and to engineers in describing the need for better scale-up tests between laboratory and field environments.

Download or read book New Tribological Ways written by Taher Ghrib and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to recapitulate old information's available and brings new information's that are with the fashion research on an atomic and nanometric scale in various fields by introducing several mathematical models to measure some parameters characterizing metals like the hydrodynamic elasticity coefficient, hardness, lubricant viscosity, viscosity coefficient, tensile strength .... It uses new measurement techniques very developed and nondestructive. Its principal distinctions of the other books, that it brings practical manners to model and to optimize the cutting process using various parameters and different techniques, namely, using water of high-velocity stream, tool with different form and radius, the cutting temperature effect, that can be measured with sufficient accuracy not only at a research lab and also with a theoretical forecast. This book aspire to minimize and eliminate the losses resulting from surfaces friction and wear which leads to a greater machining efficiency and to a better execution, fewer breakdowns and a significant saving. A great part is devoted to lubrication, of which the goal is to find the famous techniques using solid and liquid lubricant films applied for giving super low friction coefficients and improving the lubricant properties on surfaces.

Download or read book We Freeze to Please written by William M. Leary and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of a unique facility that has made unparalleled contributions to a specialized area of aeronautics research that affects virtually all who fly.

Download or read book Progress in Adhesion and Adhesives written by K. L. Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-07-27 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the 13 review articles written by subject experts and published in 2014 in the Journal Reviews of Adhesion and Adhesives. The rationale for publication of this book is that currently the RAA has limited circulation, so this book provides broad exposure and dissemination of the concise, critical, illuminating, and thought-provoking review articles. The subjects of the reviews fall into 4 general areas: 1. Polymer surface modification 2. Biomedical, pharmaceutical and dental fields 3. Adhesives and adhesive joints 4. General Adhesion Aspects The topics covered include: Adhesion of condensed bodies at microscale; imparting adhesion property to silicone material; functionally graded adhesively bonded joints; synthetic adhesives for wood panels; adhesion theories in wood adhesive bonding; adhesion and surface issues in biocomposites and bionanocomposites; adhesion phenomena in pharmaceutical products and applications of AFM; cyanoacrylate adhesives in surgical applications; ways to generate monosort functionalized polyolefin surfaces; nano-enhanced adhesives; bonding dissimilar materials in dentistry; flame treatment of polymeric materials—relevance to adhesion; and mucoadhesive polymers for enhancing retention of ocular drug delivery.

Download or read book Progress in Adhesion and Adhesives Volume 6 written by K. L. Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the voluminous research being published, it is difficult, if not impossible, to stay abreast of current developments in a given area. The review articles in this book consolidate information to provide an alternative way to follow the latest research activity and developments in adhesion science and adhesives. With the ever-increasing amount of research being published, it is a Herculean task to be fully conversant with the latest research developments in any field, and the arena of adhesion and adhesives is no exception. Thus, topical review articles provide an alternate and very efficient way to stay abreast of the state-of-the-art in many subjects representing the field of adhesion science and adhesives. The 19 chapters in this Volume 6 follow the same order as the review articles originally published in RAA in the year 2020 and up to June 2021. The subjects of these 19 chapters fall in the following areas: Adhesives and adhesive joints Contact angle Reinforced polymer composites Bioadhesives Icephobic coatings Adhesives based on natural resources Polymer surface modification Superhydrophobic surfaces The topics covered include: hot-melt adhesives; adhesively-bonded spar-wingskin joints; contact angle hysteresis; fiber/matrix adhesion in reinforced thermoplastic composites; bioadhesives in biomedical applications; mucoadhesive pellets for drug delivery applications; bio-inspired icephobic coatings; wood adhesives based on natural resources; adhesion in biocomposites; vacuum UV surface photo-oxidation of polymers and other materials; vitrimers and their relevance to adhesives; superhydrophobic surfaces by microtexturing; structural acrylic adhesives; mechanically durable water-repellent surfaces; mussel-inspired underwater adhesives; and cold atmospheric pressure plasma technology for modifying polymers. Audience This book will be valuable and useful to researchers and technologists in materials science, nanotechnology, physics, surface and colloid chemistry in multiple disciplines in academia, industry, various research institutes and other organizations.

Download or read book Adhesive Properties of Ice written by Hans Helmut Gunter Jellinek and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ice Adhesion Strength Mitigation Via Low Surface Roughness Erosion Resistant Coatings written by Grant M. Schneeberger and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recent Advances in Adhesion Science and Technology in Honor of Dr Kash Mittal written by Wojciech (Voytek) Gutowski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-12-31 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surface of an object is the first thing we see or touch. Nearly every article or object we encounter at home, in industry, land transportation, aerospace, or the medical field in some way uses an adhesive, a sealant, or a decorative coating. Adhesion science provides the technology and the know-how behind these applications. Recent Advances in