Download or read book Test Results of Cook Stove Performance written by Aprovecho Research Center and published by Aprovecho Research Center. This book was released on with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Many Replicate Tests Do I Need Variability of Cookstove Performance and Emissions Has Implications for Obtaining Useful Results written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost half of the world's population still cooks on biomass cookstoves of poor efficiency and primitive design, such as three stone fires (TSF). Emissions from biomass cookstoves contribute to adverse health effects and climate change. A number of "improved cookstoves" with higher energy efficiency and lower emissions have been designed and promoted across the world. During the design development, and for selection of a stove for dissemination, the stove performance and emissions are commonly evaluated, communicated and compared using the arithmetic average of replicate tests made using a standardized laboratory-based test, commonly the water boiling test (WBT). However, published literature shows different WBT results reported from different laboratories for the same stove technology. Also, there is no agreement in the literature on how many replicate tests should be performed to ensure "significance" in the reported average performance. This matter has not received attention in the rapidly growing literature on stoves, and yet is crucial for estimating and communicating the performance of a stove, and for comparing the performance between stoves. We present results of statistical analyses using data from a number of replicate tests of performance and emission of the Berkeley-Darfur Stove (BDS) and the TSF under well-controlled laboratory conditions. We observed moderate variability in the test results for the TSF and BDS when measuring several characteristics. Here we focus on two as illustrative: time-to-boil and PM2.5 (particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers in diameter) emissions. We demonstrate that interpretation of the results comparing these stoves could be misleading if only a small number of replicates had been conducted. We then describe a practical approach, useful to both stove testers and designers, to assess the number of replicates needed to obtain useful data. Caution should be exercised in attaching high credibility to results based on only a few replicates of cookstove performance and emissions. Stove designers, testers, program implementers and decision makers should all benefit from improved awareness of the importance of adequate number of replicates required to produce practically useful test data.
Download or read book Standard Method for Testing Cooking Stove Performance written by Pojanie Khummongkol and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of International Conference on Thermofluids written by Shripad Revankar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-21 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected and peer-reviewed proceedings of the International Conference on Thermofluids (KIIT Thermo 2020). It focuses on the latest studies and findings in the areas of fluid dynamics, heat transfer, thermodynamics, and combustion. Some of the topics covered in the book include electronic cooling, HVAC system analysis, inverse heat transfer, combustion, nano-fluids, multiphase flow, high-speed flow, and shock waves. The book includes both experimental and numerical studies along with a few review chapters from experienced researchers, and is expected to lead to new research in this important area. This book is of interest to students, researchers as well as practitioners working in the areas of fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, and combustion.
Download or read book Setting national voluntary performance targets for cookstoves written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-08-27 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2014 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Built on existing WHO indoor air quality guidelines for specific pollutants, these guidelines bring together the most recent evidence on fuel use, emission and exposure levels, health risks, intervention impacts and policy considerations, to provide practical recommendations to reduce this health burden.
Download or read book Numerical Prediction of Flow Heat Transfer Turbulence and Combustion written by D. Brian Spalding and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical Prediction of Flow, Heat Transfer, Turbulence and Combustion: Selected Works of Professor D. Brian Spalding focuses on the many contributions of Professor Spalding on thermodynamics. This compilation of his works is done to honor the professor on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Relatively, the works contained in this book are selected to highlight the genius of Professor Spalding in this field of interest. The book presents various research on combustion, heat transfer, turbulence, and flows. His thinking on separated flows paved the way for the multi-dimensional modeling of turbulence. Arguments on the universality of the models of turbulence and the problems that are associated with combustion engineering are clarified. The text notes the importance of combustion science as well as the problems associated with it. Mathematical computations are also presented in determining turbulent flows in different environments, including on curved pipes, curved ducts, and rotating ducts. These calculations are presented to further strengthen the claims of Professor Spalding in this discipline. The book is a great find for those who are interested in studying thermodynamics.
Download or read book Renewable Resource Utilization for Development written by Robert P. Morgan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable Resource Utilization for Development is a six-chapter text that covers the United States initiatives in field of appropriate, light-capital technology for renewable resource utilization. These initiatives include steps, policies, and programs that the U.S. government might take, adopt, or support to aid developing countries in utilizing appropriate technology for renewable resources for the benefit of the poor majority. The first two chapters describe the technology, advances, design, and utilization of wind energy and biomass. The next chapter focuses on two applications of direct solar energy, namely, solar drying of crops and timber. Another chapter highlights the optimum processing and use of rice bran, which is an important postharvest and rural development problem for rice-growing developing countries. The final two chapters discuss the utilization of material and products based on agricultural wastes and natural fibers. These chapters also deal with the organizations and mechanisms for implementing the initiatives and with possible next steps to the U.S. initiatives. This book is of value to economists and environmental pollution control researchers.
Download or read book Advances in Mechanical Engineering written by B. B. Biswal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-16 with total page 1688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Innovations and Developments in Mechanical Engineering (IC-RIDME 2018). The book contains peer reviewed articles covering thematic areas such as fluid mechanics, renewable energy, materials and manufacturing, thermal engineering, vibration and acoustics, experimental aerodynamics, turbo machinery, and robotics and mechatronics. Algorithms and methodologies of real-time problems are described in this book. The contents of this book will be useful for both academics and industry professionals.
Download or read book Advances of Science and Technology written by Fasikaw Atanaw Zimale and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-07 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advancement of Science and Technology, ICAST 2018, which took place in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, in October 2018. The 47 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The papers present economic and technologic developments in modern societies in five tracks: agro-processing industries for sustainable development, water resources development for the shared vision in blue Nile basin, IT and computer technology innovation, recent advances in electrical and computer engineering, progresses in product design and system optimization.
Download or read book Waste Recovery and Management written by Ajay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-05-16 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable development approaches cannot be met unless waste management is addressed as a priority. Waste Recovery and Management: An Approach Toward Sustainable Development Goals presents a comprehensive examination of environmental pollution and health hazards caused by differing types of waste, its recycling and other e-waste management strategies, and potential political and legal interventions. It also presents the available carbon-recycling methods and investigates how these might be applied to reinforce waste management in industrialized countries as well as developing and emerging economies. Each chapter includes valuable data and case studies that serve as practical guidance for academicians, researchers, and stakeholders for quantifying the impacts of waste, and for planning integrated solid waste collection and treatment systems, thereby working toward sustainability at a global level. Features: Covers both traditional and new technologies for identifying and categorizing the sources and nature of various types of waste Provides methods for the safe disposal of municipal solid wastes, plastic waste, bio-medical wastes, hazardous wastes, and e-wastes Explains practical measures to cover the broad spectrum of everyday applications of waste management for environmental sustainability Contains a focused discussion of the current scenario and future research directions for different types of waste in each chapter
Download or read book Bioenergy Engineering written by Mahendra S. Seveda and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-10-12 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides information on recent advancements in bioenergy engineering to graduates, post-graduates, research scholars, faculty members, academician, researchers and practitioners studying and working in field of the bioenergy engineering. It is an invaluable information resource on biomass-based biofuels for fundamental and applied research, catering to researchers in the areas of biogas technology, densification techniques, biomass gasification, torrefaction of biomass, biochar production, micro algae production, improved biomass cookstoves, bio-ethanol production and the use of microbial processes in the conversion of biomass into biofuels. It will also be useful to faculties and researchers to understand the present status, advancements and policies in implementation of bioenergy technologies in India. This book will definitely provide a direction to the young researchers in identification of thrust areas of research in the field of bioenergy. The book concludes with research and development endeavours and aspects relating to implementation of advance bioenergy technologies.
Download or read book Health of People Health of Planet and Our Responsibility written by Wael Al-Delaimy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-13 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book not only describes the challenges of climate disruption, but also presents solutions. The challenges described include air pollution, climate change, extreme weather, and related health impacts that range from heat stress, vector-borne diseases, food and water insecurity and chronic diseases to malnutrition and mental well-being. The influence of humans on climate change has been established through extensive published evidence and reports. However, the connections between climate change, the health of the planet and the impact on human health have not received the same level of attention. Therefore, the global focus on the public health impacts of climate change is a relatively recent area of interest. This focus is timely since scientists have concluded that changes in climate have led to new weather extremes such as floods, storms, heat waves, droughts and fires, in turn leading to more than 600,000 deaths and the displacement of nearly 4 billion people in the last 20 years. Previous work on the health impacts of climate change was limited mostly to epidemiologic approaches and outcomes and focused less on multidisciplinary, multi-faceted collaborations between physical scientists, public health researchers and policy makers. Further, there was little attention paid to faith-based and ethical approaches to the problem. The solutions and actions we explore in this book engage diverse sectors of civil society, faith leadership, and political leadership, all oriented by ethics, advocacy, and policy with a special focus on poor and vulnerable populations. The book highlights areas we think will resonate broadly with the public, faith leaders, researchers and students across disciplines including the humanities, and policy makers.
Download or read book World Report on Child Injury Prevention written by M. M. Peden and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child injuries are largely absent from child survival initiatives presently on the global agenda. Through this report, the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children's Fund and many partners have set out to elevate child injury to a priority for the global public health and development communities. It should be seen as a complement to the UN Secretary-General's study on violence against children released in late 2006 (that report addressed violence-related or intentional injuries). Both reports suggest that child injury and violence prevention programs need to be integrated into child survival and other broad strategies focused on improving the lives of children. Evidence demonstrates the dramatic successes in child injury prevention in countries which have made a concerted effort. These results make a case for increasing investments in human resources and institutional capacities. Implementing proven interventions could save more than a thousand children's lives a day.--p. vii.
Download or read book Environmental Priorities and Poverty Reduction written by Ernesto Sánchez Triana and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental degradation is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and decreased productivity. Urban and indoor air pollution; inadequate water supply, sanitation, and hygiene; natural disasters (mainly floods and landslides); and land degradation are the environmental problems associated with the highest social and economic costs, falling most heavily on vulnerable people, especially poor children under five years old. This book begins by exploring institutional change and environmental priorities in Colombia over the past 50 years, a time of substantial progress in environmental protection and rapid transition from a largely rural to a highly urbanised economy. Part 2 assesses the burden of disease rooted in inadequate water supply, sanitation, and hygiene; poor air quality; and natural disasters; and the environmental management practices to reduce that burden. A discussion of the environmental costs of rapid and unplanned urbanisation is also included. Part 3 assesses the sustainable management of Colombia's rich endowment of natural resources.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Energy Research written by Manaswita Bose and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-17 with total page 1639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected papers from the 7th International Conference on Advances in Energy Research (ICAER 2019), providing a comprehensive coverage encompassing all fields and aspects of energy in terms of generation, storage, and distribution. Themes such as optimization of energy systems, energy efficiency, economics, management, and policy, and the interlinkages between energy and environment are included. The contents of this book will be of use to researchers and policy makers alike.
Download or read book Heat and Mass Transfer written by Rajendra Karwa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-18 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook presents the classical treatment of the problems of heat transfer in an exhaustive manner with due emphasis on understanding of the physics of the problems. This emphasis will be especially visible in the chapters on convective heat transfer. Emphasis is also laid on the solution of steady and unsteady two-dimensional heat conduction problems. Another special feature of the book is a chapter on introduction to design of heat exchangers and their illustrative design problems. A simple and understandable treatment of gaseous radiation has been presented. A special chapter on flat plate solar air heater has been incorporated that covers mathematical modeling of the air heater. The chapter on mass transfer has been written looking specifically at the needs of the students of mechanical engineering. The book includes a large number and variety of solved problems with supporting line diagrams. A number of application-based examples have been incorporated where applicable. The end-of-chapter exercise problems are supplemented with stepwise answers. Though the book has been primarily designed to serve as a complete textbook for undergraduate and graduate students of mechanical engineering, it will also be useful for students of chemical, aerospace, automobile, production, and industrial engineering streams. The book fully covers the topics of heat transfer coursework and can also be used as an excellent reference for students preparing for competitive graduate examinations.
