Download or read book Test Ban Negotiations and Disarmament written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Test Ban written by Ola Dahlman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear tests have caused public concern ever since the first such test was conducted, more than six decades ago. During the Cold War, however, con- tions were not conducive to discussing a complete ban on nuclear testing. It was not until 1993 that negotiations on such a treaty finally got under way. From then on, things moved relatively quickly: in 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). To date, the Treaty has been signed by 178 states and ratified by 144, though it has yet to enter into force, as nine out of 44 ‘‘Annex 2 states’’, whose ratification is mandatory, have not heeded the call. Nevertheless, the CTBT verification system is already provisionally operational and has proven its effectiveness. We commend the CTBT organisation in Vienna for its successful efforts to build a verification network. This book is an excellent overview of the evolution of the CTBT and its verification regime. The authors are eminent scholars from the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden who have been intimately involved with the CTBT and its verification agency, the CTBTO Preparatory Commission, from their inc- tion to the present day. They have written a thorough and engaging narrative of the long road that led to the CTBT. Their story will appeal to both the layman and the expert and provide useful lessons for future negotiations on disarmament issues.
Download or read book The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Negotiations written by Maurice A. Mallin and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On July 16, 1945, the United States conducted the world's first nuclear explosive test in Alamagordo, New Mexico. The test went off as planned; a nuclear chain reaction, in the form of an explosion, could be created. Less than a month later, nuclear weapons were used to support Allied efforts to end World War II. Just 4 years later, on August 29, 1949, the Soviet Union conducted its first nuclear test. The United States intensified efforts to develop the hydrogen bomb, which it tested in 1952. The development of new nuclear weapon designs, as well as the imperative to test these designs, were now inextricably linked. Nuclear tests were considered essential to maintaining confidence in the effectiveness and usability of these weapons. Since the Alamogordo test, upwards of 2,000 nuclear tests have taken place globally. Of these, 528 were conducted in the atmosphere, with significant environmental consequences. Between 1945 and 1950, seven atmospheric nuclear tests took place. As the Cold War escalated, weapons testing accelerated: 63 such tests occurred between 1951 and 1954. Three of these were conducted by the United Kingdom, who joined the nuclear "club" with a test in 1952 (France tested in 1960, followed by China in 1964). In 1954, after an unexpectedly powerful and environmentally damaging test called Castle Bravo took place over Bikini Atoll in the Asia Pacific, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru called for a "standstill" in nuclear explosive testing: "Pending progress towards some solution, full or partial, in respect of the prohibition of these weapons of mass destruction, the Government would consider, some sort of what may be called a "standstill agreement" in respect, at least, of these actual explosions." In 1958 the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom undertook negotiations over a cessation of nuclear testing, but a number of issues, mostly related to verifying compliance, proved intractable. Some success was attained after the Cuban Missile Crisis, as the three parties agreed in 1963 to the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT), which banned all nuclear testing in the atmosphere, in space, or underwater. Nuclear tests would henceforth be permitted only underground. Subsequent efforts to negotiate a complete cessation proved unsuccessful until 1994, when negotiations on a multilateral comprehensive nuclear test ban began in earnest. These negotiations were completed in 1996. Shortly thereafter, a treaty text was overwhelmingly supported at the United Nations. However, over 20 years later, the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) has not yet entered into force. As such, this case study will consider the following: -- the developments that led to the start of negotiations; - the perspectives of the key actors and their impacts upon the negotiations; - summary of the negotiations, focusing on key issues and the efforts to reach resolution on them; - the endgame of the negotiationsa few key lessons learned, which may have utility for future multilateral negotiations, touching on issues associated with leadership, factors that impact decisionmaking, and how a negotiation must balance national interests and negotiating objectives.
Download or read book Banning the Bang or the Bomb written by Mordechai Melamud and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), negotiated between 1994 and 1996, is the latest development in the nuclear arms control regime. It continues to serve a vital role in preserving the privileged status of the nuclear weapons states and barring the way to proliferation. Banning the Bang or the Bomb? brings together a team of leading international experts who together analyse its negotiation as a model of regime creation, examining collective dynamics, the behaviour of individual countries, and the nature of specific issues. The book offers practical guidance and training for members of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization future inspectorate to help negotiate their way during an on-site inspection (OSI) in an inspected state. This is a valuable resource for researchers and professionals alike that turns an analysis of what has happened into a manual for what is about to happen.
Download or read book Geneva Test Ban Negotiations written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on Disarmament and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers draft of treaty articles proposed by U.S. delegation to the Geneva Conference on the Discontinuation of Nuclear Weapons Tests.
Download or read book Technical Problems and the Geneva Test Ban Negotiations written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on Disarmament and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the status of a control system to monitor an agreement for the cessation of nuclear weapons tests.
Download or read book International Negotiations on Ending Nuclear Weapon Tests written by United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geneva Test Ban Negotiations written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Negotiations on the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons written by United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background -- ENDC negotiations (1964) Nonaligned developments -- First Chinese Communist test -- Disarmament Commission discussions (1965) -- Eighth session of the ENDC (1965) -- Twentieth General Assembly (1965) -- NATO and Warsaw Treaty arrangements -- Pastore resolutions -- Ninth session of the ENDC, January 27-May 10, 1966 -- Tenth session of the ENDC, June 14-August 25, 1966 -- Tenth General Conference of the IAEA, September 21-28, 1966 -- Twenty-first General Assembly (1966) -- Concerns of non-nuclear-weapon nations -- Draft nonproliferation treaty, August 24, 1967 -- Report by Secretary-General Thant, October 10, 1967 -- Twenty-second General Assembly (Part I) -- Thirteenth session of the ENDC, January 18-March 14, 1968 -- Twenty-second General Assembly (Part II) -- Security Council action on the Tripartite Assurances Proposal -- Signing of the treaty -- Documentary annex.
Download or read book Test Ban and Disarmament written by Arthur H. Dean and published by New York : Published for Council on Foreign Relations by Harper & Row [1966]. This book was released on 1966 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty written by Keith A. Hansen and published by Stanford Law & Politics. This book was released on 2006 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brief historical and analytical understanding of the difficulties encountered in negotiating and implementing the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, and their implications for efforts to halt the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Includes full text of the treaty and supplementary materials.
Download or read book The Verification Issue in United Nations Disarmament Negotiations written by Ellis Fitch Morris and published by New York : United Nations. This book was released on 1987 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The History of Nuclear Test Ban Negotiations written by Westchester Women for Peace. Disarmament Study Group and published by . This book was released on 1963* with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geneva Test Ban Negotiations written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Disarmament Subcommittee and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statement of Ambassador James J. Wadsworth, U.S. Representative on Disarmament.
Download or read book Arms Control by Committee written by and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1992-08 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is essentially a series of case histories of U.S.-Soviet nuclear arms control negotiations, as seen from the American side. It describes the processes of governmental decisionmaking for arms control in Washington, D.C., and the techniques for joint U.S.-Soviet decisionmaking at the negotiating table. As general counsel of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and member of U.S. delegations to disarmament conferences for eight years, the author was in a unique position to assess the difficulties of fashioning an arms control treaty that could pass muster within the executive branch of the U.S. government, be approved by U.S. allies, be successfully negotiated with the Soviets, and then win the approval of the U.S. Senate. This process will be even more complex now that the United States will face at least four nuclear powers from the former U.S.S.R. The book has three purposes. The first is to add to the recorded history of the following negotiations: the Limited Test Ban Treaty of 1963, the Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1968, the ABM Treaty of 1972 and its companion SALT Interim Agreements, and the 1987 INF Treaty. The author asks in each case, What did the president and his assistants do (or fail to do) to negotiate a successful agreement? The second purpose is to use the case book approach, common in law schools and business schools, as a teaching device for those who wish to learn how the American government made decisions about arms control negotiations, how U.S.-Soviet negotiators reached decisions, and what the results of the decisions have been. The book's third purpose is to generalize about what works and what does not work in the complex world of arms control negotiations, including information on the impact of negotiating committees and comparisons of the process for negotiating arms control treaties with that for achieving arms limits through action and reaction, without written agreement. The concluding chapter looks to the future: What changes will occur in the arms control process given the end of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union?
Download or read book Negotiations for a CTBT 1958 1994 written by Thanos P. D̲okos and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For nearly forty years, the cessation of nuclear testing, in the form of a Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), has occupied a central position on the arms control agenda. No other proposed arms control measure has caused as much controversy for as long of a period of time. This book is the first comprehensive study of U.S. policy during the entire period of negotiations, from 1958 to early 1995. Negotiations for a CTBT provides a comprehensive historical analysis in terms of events, negotiations, and decisions made. Two "levels" of negotiations, national and international, are addressed, as well as an overview of test ban negotiations, the fundamental obstacles to agreement, and the present impact of a comprehensive test ban treaty. The factors that caused the negotiations for a CTBT to fail are also discussed.
Download or read book At the Nuclear Crossroads written by John B. Rhinelander and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1995 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, Rhinelander and Scheinman examine the history of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, its effectiveness in controlling weapons proliferation, and what a possible extension of the treaty will mean for the U.S. and the rest of the world. The book also includes essays on the language of the treaty and how well the nuclear superpowers have complied with it as well as look at what effect the NPT has had on nuclear testing. Copublished with the Lawyers Alliance for World Security.
