Download or read book Test and Evaluation of Biological Standoff Detection Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-08-29 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A biological warfare agent (BWA) is a microorganism, or a toxin derived from a living organism, that causes disease in humans, plants, or animals or that causes the deterioration of material. The effectiveness of a BWA is greatly reduced if the attack is detected in time for the target population to take appropriate defensive measures. Therefore, the ability to detect a BWA, in particular to detect it before the target population is exposed, will be a valuable asset to defense against biological attacks. The ideal detection system will have quick response and be able to detect a threat plume at a distance from the target population. The development of reliable biological standoff detection systems, therefore, is a key goal. However, testing biological standoff detection systems is difficult because open-air field tests with BWAs are not permitted under international conventions and because the wide variety of environments in which detectors might be used may affect their performance. This book explores the question of how to determine whether or not a biological standoff detection system fulfills its mission reliably if we cannot conduct open-air field tests with live BWAs.

Download or read book Test and Evaluation of Biological Standoff Detection Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-07-29 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A biological warfare agent (BWA) is a microorganism, or a toxin derived from a living organism, that causes disease in humans, plants, or animals or that causes the deterioration of material. The effectiveness of a BWA is greatly reduced if the attack is detected in time for the target population to take appropriate defensive measures. Therefore, the ability to detect a BWA, in particular to detect it before the target population is exposed, will be a valuable asset to defense against biological attacks. The ideal detection system will have quick response and be able to detect a threat plume at a distance from the target population. The development of reliable biological standoff detection systems, therefore, is a key goal. However, testing biological standoff detection systems is difficult because open-air field tests with BWAs are not permitted under international conventions and because the wide variety of environments in which detectors might be used may affect their performance. This book explores the question of how to determine whether or not a biological standoff detection system fulfills its mission reliably if we cannot conduct open-air field tests with live BWAs.

Download or read book Testing and Evaluation of Standoff Chemical Agent Detectors written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-10 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report provides an independent assessment of suitable test protocols that might be useful and reliable for the testing and evaluation of standoff chemical agent detectors. The report proposes two testing protocols, one for passive detectors and one for active detectors, to help ensure the reliable detection of a release of chemical warfare agents. The report determined that testing these detectors by release of chemical warfare agents into the atmosphere would not provide additional useful information on the effectiveness of these detectors than would a rigorous testing protocol using chemical agents in the laboratory combined with atmospheric release of simulated chemical warfare agents.

Download or read book An introduction to biological agent detection equipment for emergency first responders written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-13 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of the U.S. Department of Defense's (DoD's) Chemical and Biological Defense Program (CBDP) is to provide support and world-class capabilities enabling he U.S. Armed Forces to fight and win decisively in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) environments. To accomplish this objective, the CBDP must maintain robust science and technology capabilities to support the research, development, testing, and evaluation required for the creation and validation of the products the program supplies. The threat from chemical and biological attack evolves due to the changing nature of conflict and rapid advances in science and technology (S&T), so the core S&T capabilities that must be maintained by the CBDP must also continue to evolve. In order to address the challenges facing the DoD, the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (DASD) for Chemical and Biological Defense (CBD) asked the National Research Council (NRC) to conduct a study to identify the core capabilities in S&T that must be supported by the program. The NRC Committee on Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Research and Development examined the capabilities necessary for the chemical and biological defense S&T program in the context of the threat and of the program's stated mission and priorities. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology contains the committee's findings and recommendations. It is intended to assist the DASD CBD in determining the best strategy for acquiring, developing, and/or maintaining the needed capabilities.

Download or read book An Introduction to Biological Agent Detection Equipment for Emergency First Responders written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book BioWatch and Public Health Surveillance written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-02-25 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the attacks of September 11, 2001 and the anthrax letters, the ability to detect biological threats as quickly as possible became a top priority. In 2003 the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) introduced the BioWatch program-a federal monitoring system intended to speed detection of specific biological agents that could be released in aerosolized form during a biological attack. The present volume evaluates the costs and merits of both the current BioWatch program and the plans for a new generation of BioWatch devices. BioWatch and Public Health Surveillance also examines infectious disease surveillance through hospitals and public health agencies in the United States, and considers whether BioWatch and traditional infectious disease surveillance are redundant or complementary.

Download or read book Department of Defense Chemical Biological Radiological and Nuclear Defense Program Performance Plan 2003 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual report to Congress and performance plan Joint Service Chemical and Biological Defense Program 2001 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Military Construction Veterans Affairs and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2012 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Research Progress on Environmental Health and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the increase in funding for research and the rising numbers of peer-reviewed publications over the past decade that address the environmental, health, and safety aspects of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), uncertainty about the implications of potential exposures of consumers, workers, and ecosystems to these materials persists. Consumers and workers want to know which of these materials they are exposed to and whether the materials can harm them. Industry is concerned about being able to predict with sufficient certainty whether products that it makes and markets will pose any environmental, health or safety issues and what measures should be taken regarding manufacturing practices and worldwide distribution to minimize any potential risk. However, there remains a disconnect between the research that is being carried out and its relevance to and use by decision-makers and regulators to make informed public health and environmental policy and regulatory decisions. Research Progress on Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Nanomaterials evaluates research progress and updates research priorities and resource estimates on the basis of results of studies and emerging trends in the nanotechnology industry. This report follows up the 2012 report A Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials, which presented a strategic approach for developing the science and research infrastructure needed to address uncertainties regarding the potential environmental, health, and safety risks posed by ENMs. This new report looks at the state of nanotechnology research, examines market and regulatory conditions and their affect on research priorities, and considers the criteria for evaluating research progress on the environmental, health, and safety aspects of nanotechnology.

Download or read book Department of Defense Chemical Biological Radiological and Nuclear Defense Program Performance Plan 2002 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Joint Biological Standoff Detection System Increment II Field Demonstration SINBAHD Performances written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the end of the 90s, Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) initiated the investigation of a novel LIDAR concept which open the possibility of collecting all at once the detailed spectral information contained in the return signals. This 3-year project called SINBAHD (Stand-off INtegrated Bioaerosol Active Hyperspectral Detection) aimed at evaluating the capability of using UV LIF with intensified range-gated spectrometry to detect and characterize bioaerosol from stand-off position. Essentially, the LIDAR system monitors atmospheric volumes in which specific spectrally wide fluorescence signal can be generated from inelastic interactions with complex molecules forming the building blocks of most bioaerosols. This LIF signal is collected by the combination of a dispersive element and a range-gated ICCD that limits the spectral information within the selected volume. This technique has showed an important potential of detecting and discriminating different bioaerosol agent simulants in real time. Through the Standoff Biodetection Working Group (SBWG) under the CANUKUS CBR MOU, SINBAHD was invited to participate in the Joint Biological Standoff Detection System (JBSDS) increment II field demonstration trial. The purpose of this international trial, which took place at Dugway Proving Ground (DPG), Utah in June 2005, was to determine the benchmark sensitivity of different technologies to various biological simulants and interferents. SINBAHD demonstrated its high level of performance and the results made it possible to obtain new spectral signatures.

Download or read book Weapon Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Research Strategy for Environmental Health and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-05-09 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nanotechnology sector, which generated about $225 billion in product sales in 2009, is predicted to expand rapidly over the next decade with the development of new technologies that have new capabilities. The increasing production and use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) may lead to greater exposures of workers, consumers, and the environment, and the unique scale-specific and novel properties of the materials raise questions about their potential effects on human health and the environment. Over the last decade, government agencies, academic institutions, industry, and others have conducted many assessments of the environmental, health, and safety (EHS) aspects of nanotechnology. The results of those efforts have helped to direct research on the EHS aspects of ENMs. However, despite the progress in assessing research needs and despite the research that has been funded and conducted, developers, regulators, and consumers of nanotechnology-enabled products remain uncertain about the types and quantities of nanomaterials in commerce or in development, their possible applications, and their associated risks. A Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials presents a strategic approach for developing the science and research infrastructure needed to address uncertainties regarding the potential EHS risks of ENMs. The report summarizes the current state of the science and high-priority data gaps on the potential EHS risks posed by ENMs and describes the fundamental tools and approaches needed to pursue an EHS risk research strategy. The report also presents a proposed research agenda, short-term and long-term research priorities, and estimates of needed resources and concludes by focusing on implementation of the research strategy and evaluation of its progress, elements that the committee considered integral to its charge.

Download or read book Annual report to Congress and performance plan Joint Service Chemical and Biological Defense Program 2002 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Department of Defense Chemical and Biological Defense Program Performance Plan 2005 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: