Download or read book Terrorism and Political Contention written by János Besenyő and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-04-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Against the backdrop of terrorist activity and the emergence of new conflicts in the MENA region, this book identifies factors of political contestation and analyzes organizational forms and dynamics of terrorism and conflict in North Africa and the Sahel. Written by an international selection of authors from different fields, the book covers topics such as the radicalization of terrorist organizations operating in the region, the financing of terrorism, the role of migration, the radicalization of women, the influence and motives of great powers and external factors such as France in the region, and the impact of the war in Ukraine. The book appeals to scholars and students of politics and international relations as well as African and Middle Eastern studies.
Download or read book Terrorist Threats in North Africa from a NATO Perspective written by J. Tomolya and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the editors of this book, North Africa has become a hotbed of terrorist activity in recent years, as demonstrated by several events in the region. Representing, as it does, a potential threat to NATO's southern flank, this area can no longer be ignored, they say. This book presents the proceedings of the NATO Centre of Excellence, Defence Against Terrorism (COE-DAT) Advanced Research Workshop entitled 'The Terrorist Threat in North Africa from a NATO Perspective', held in Ankara, Turkey, in the November 2013. Subjects covered include the changing nature of North African terrorism; the rise of Al Qaeda in North Africa; financing terrorism in North Africa; the legal framework of military operations against terrorism in North Africa and the relationship between international terrorism and terrorism in North Africa, among others. Also included in the book is the keynote address given by Prof. Yonah Alexander of the Inter-University Center for Terrorism Studies and entitled 'Terrorism in North Africa and the Sahel: Threats and Responses' The book provides insights to further the understanding of terrorism in North Africa, and will be of interest to all those involved in the development of counterterrorism policies to combat this threat.
Download or read book Jihadists of North Africa and the Sahel written by Alexander Thurston and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers unique insights into the inner workings of jihadist organisations over the past three decades in North Africa and the Sahel.
Download or read book Terrorism in North Africa and the Sahel written by Jacques Roussellier and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication examines the real and imagined influence of al-Qa'ida in North Africa and the Sahel. Despite a perception of the transnationalization of terrorist movements in North Africa under al-Qa'ida's banner, robust evidence of an effective al-Qa'ida's expansion in the Maghreb and the Sahara/Sahel region remains elusive at best. Rather, doubts about al-Qa'ida's actual threat and the efficacy of international response in the context of pervasive state failure in the Sahel raise questions regarding the policy objectives of US-led counter-terrorism in the region.
Download or read book Terrorism in North Africa and the Sahel written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is the proceedings of the workshop which examined the security situation in North Africa and the Sahara-Sahel region. Organized under the CSIS Academic Outreach (AO) program, the event sought to foster a greater understanding of threats arising from transnational jihadist groups operating through the region against Western interests.
Download or read book Terrorism in North Africa and the Sahel in 2014 written by Yonah Alexander and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On February 17, 2015 the Inter-University Center for Terrorism Studies (IUCTS) published its sixth annual report, "Terrorism in North Africa and the Sahel in 2014," authored by Prof. Yonah Alexander, Director-‐IUCTS. The report finds the region and global community facing the most serious security challenges since 9/11, from natural and man‐made threats ranging from Ebola to extremism. The rise of the so‐called 'Islamic State' and resilience of al-Qaida & affiliates contributed to a 25% jump in terrorist attacks in North Africa & the Sahel in 2014, the highest level since 9/11. The study recommends the US and allies engage more effectively to slow a security crisis that is erupting across Africa's "arc of instability."
Download or read book The Growing Crisis in Africa s Sahel Region written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transatlantic Security from the Sahel to the Horn of Africa written by Riccardo Alcaro and published by Edizioni Nuova Cultura. This book was released on 2014-05-21 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the so-called Arab Spring has slid into political uncertainty, lingering insecurity and civil conflict, European and American initial enthusiasm for anti-authoritarian protests has given way to growing concerns that revolutionary turmoil in North Africa may in fact have exposed the West to new risks. Critical in cementing this conviction has been the realisation that developments originated from Arab Mediterranean countries and spread to the Sahel have now such a potential to affect Western security and interests as to warrant even military intervention, as France’s operation in Mali attests. EU and US involvement in fighting piracy off the Horn of Africa had already laid bare the nexus between their security interests and protracted crises in sub-Saharan Africa. But the new centrality acquired by the Sahel after the Arab uprisings – particularly after Libya’s civil war – has elevated this nexus to a new, larger dimension. The centre of gravity of Europe’s security may be swinging to Africa, encompassing a wide portion of the continental landmass extending south of Mediterranean coastal states. The recrudescence of the terrorist threat from Mali to Algeria might pave the way to an American pivot to Africa, thus requiring fresh thinking on how the European Union and the United States can better collaborate with each other and with relevant regional actors.
Download or read book Orsam Analiz Say 291 The Spread of Insecurity from North Africa to the Sahel and the Questioning of French Regional Presence written by Kaan Devecioğlu and published by Ortadoğu Yayınları. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, the global security agenda is concentrated on countries such as Afghanistan, Syria and Iraq, especially within the context of non-state actors. This is also the case for some countries in the African region. Particularly, the developments in the region called the Sahel and the impact of global actors are worthy of attention. From a historical point of view, the environment of insecurity spreading from North Africa to Sub-Saharan countries has created a struggle for influence over countries such as Mauritania, Mali, Chad and Niger, in which actors such as the US, France, Russia and China are directly or indirectly involved. Terrorist activities in the Sahel belt, which includes nine countries from Senegal to Eritrea, are generally concentrated on the borders of Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger, and in the north of Nigeria, in the region known as the Lake Chad basin. Countries in this region, most of which gained their independence from France and England, are still under the influence of western countries today. However, they are also faced with the challenge of China, which took advantage of the trade vacuum created by western countries, as well as Russia, which has recently re-established military presence in the region after the collapse of the USSR. The region west of the Sahel, extending from Mauritania to Chad, was one of the safest locations in the world until the early 2000s. The biggest threats faced by those living in this region were predators, drought and famine. Today, however, the region has turned into a breeding ground for terrorism. Terrorist movements gradually spread and became an integral part of the region in the period from the 1990s until the founding of ISIS in 2015. In the following period, terrorist incidentstook place, especially on the borders of Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger, and the struggle of western and local forces against terrorist movements and inter-tribal conflicts continues under the leadership of France. Following the overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi in Libya in 2010, French military forces settled in the region in 2012 as part of the fight against extremist groups that spread to the north of Mali. In this context, France aimed to eliminate regional security gaps with Operation Serval in 2013, Operation Barkhan in 2014, and peacekeeping and maintenance operations of the European Union (Takuba), United Nations (MINUSMA) and African Union in the following period. The increasing US military presence in the region since 2001, has turned into intelligence support for the relevant operations with France's engagements. Having spread from the north of Mali to the countries west of the Sahel (especially Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso), the origins of these movements date back to Algerian civil war and the demands of the Tuareg people living in these regions. This study aims to evaluate the current interactions in the Sahel and the questions over France's presence in the region, following the spread of terrorist movements from North Africa to the Sahel in the historical process. In the study, the origins of the expansion of terrorism in the region will be discussed. The study will then examine the effects of the Libyan War on the mobilitization in the Sahel. Finally, the increasing "terrorist movements" in the region and the questions over the French presence will be put into context.
Download or read book Africa and the War on Terrorism written by John Davis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abject poverty and official corruption make parts of Africa a very attractive destination for terrorist organizations. Opportunities have developed during the pre- and post-9/11 periods in Africa for the recruitment of terrorists, attainment of bases of operations and sources of funding for Al Qaeda or its affiliated terror groups. This comprehensive volume provides an extensive examination of major terrorist events in Africa. It highlights internal and external indices to illustrate why Africa is so ripe for terrorism, ostensibly in terms of recruitment as well as attainment and sources of funding due to the continent's continuing poverty and corruption. The volume will prove indispensable reading for anyone researching security issues, political sociology and African studies.
Download or read book North Africa s Menace written by Christopher Chivvis and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 9/11 attacks, America's understanding of Al Qaeda has evolved along with the organization itself. In recent years attention to Al Qaeda's so called "affiliates" in Iraq, Yemen, Somalia, and most recently Syria has overtaken concern about Al Qaeda's core in Pakistan. The North African terrorist organization Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) is one such affiliate. Many Americans first became familiar with AQIM when media reports linked it loosely to the attacks on the U.S. diplomatic compounds in Benghazi, Libya on 9/11/12 that killed U.S. Ambassador to Libya Chris Stevens. The horrific hostage crisis at an Algerian gas facility in January 2013, which was far more closely linked to the group, further increased concern about the threat it posed and played into anxieties about what many viewed as a resurgent Al Qaeda threat. This assessment of the threat from AQIM is based on an analysis of available open-source documentation. The authors find that although AQIM is a serious regional problem, its similarity to the Al Qaeda of Osama Bin Laden should not be exaggerated, as AQIM does not currently seem bent on global jihad. In most situations, the wisest policy responses to the AQIM threat will focus on supporting local actors and U.S. allies in Europe.
Download or read book Terrorism in Africa written by Martha Crenshaw and published by Dartmouth Publishing Company. This book was released on 1993 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of a series, this work is concerned with international terrorism, and deals with its manifestation in Africa. Among the events and topics covered are: the Entebbe rescue mission; African guerillas and indigenous governments; South Africa, terrorism and state disintegration; and more.
Download or read book Terrorism in Africa written by John Davis and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study, Terrorism in Africa: The Evolving Front in the War on Terrorism, represents a research endeavor aimed at increasing scholarly discourse on the ever-expanding threat of terrorism and terrorist-related violence in the region. It offers the most wide-ranging analysis of the sub-national and transnational terrorists groups that have made Africa the second most violent region in the world. Additionally, the study expands the coverage of the multiple dynamics that indicate why terrorist-related violence continues to increase in the region and closes with regional solutions to the threat of terrorism. This collection of essays offers a comprehensive analysis of the states, terrorist groups, and critical issues that have increased the specter of terrorism in Africa. The study is divided into three themes: (1) the diversity of the terrorist threat among states in the region, (2) the regional dynamics and the local response to terrorism, and (3) regional solutions to the threat of terrorism in Africa.
Download or read book AFRICOM s Dilemma written by Robert G. Berschinski and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa is a continent of growing economic, social, political, and geostrategic importance. The establishment of a new Combatant Command for Africa -- AFRICOM -- marks an important milestone in the evolution of relations between the United States and the governments of Africa. Through AFRICOM, the U.S. Department of Defense will consolidate the efforts of three existing command headquarters as it seeks a more stable environment for political and economic growth in Africa. In line with this goal, AFRICOM is pioneering a bold new method of military engagement focused on war prevention, interagency cooperation, and development rather than on traditional war fighting. The author contends that to achieve its goals vis-à-vis the African security landscape, AFRICOM must depart from the model of U.S. military operations on the continent since September 11, 2001. Using case studies from North and East Africa, the author argues that by amalgamating threats, overemphasizing "hard" counterterrorism initiatives, and intertwining military operations with humanitarianism, AFRICOM's predecessors have harmed U.S. strategic interests. In line with this conclusion, he offers policy recommendations to maximize AFRICOM's potential for future success.
Download or read book The Islamic State in Africa written by Jason Warner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2019, Islamic State lost its last remaining sliver of territory in Syria, and its Caliph, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, was killed. These setbacks seemed to herald the Caliphate's death knell, and many now forecast its imminent demise. Yet its affiliates endure, particularly in Africa: nearly all of Islamic State's cells on the continent have reaffirmed their allegiance, attacks have continued in its name, many groups have been reinvigorated, and a new province has emerged. Why, in Africa, did the two major setbacks of 2019 have so little impact on support for Islamic State? The Islamic State in Africa suggests that this puzzle can be explained by the emergence and evolution of Islamic State's provinces in Africa, which it calls 'sovereign subordinates'. By examining the rise and development of eight Islamic State 'cells', the authors show how, having pledged allegiance to IS Central, cells evolved mostly autonomously, using the IS brand as a means for accrual of power, but, in practice, receiving relatively little if any direction or material support from central command. Given this pattern, IS Central's relative decline has had little impact on its African affiliates-who are likely to remain committed to the Caliphate's cause for the foreseeable future.
Download or read book NATO s Southern Flank Does Not Stop in North Africa written by Meghan J. King and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Daesh, or the self-proclaimed Islamic State (IS), proved that the threat of jihadism transcends all boarders when it announced its intention to establish a worldwide caliphate on 29 June 2014. The following September, at the NATO Summit in Wales, the United States organized a 60-nation coalition to defeat Daesh. The danger posed by the group reached new heights in March 2015, with the induction of the Nigeria-based Boko Haram (BH) into the caliphate as 'the Islamic State's West Africa Province' (ISWAP) -- thus marking Daesh's first departure beyond the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Terrorism, specifically jihadist terrorism, has become increasingly prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa. Jihadist organizations are active in at least fourteen Sub-Saharan states and have known ties with their counterparts in the Sahel, North Africa, and the Middle East. Yet, insofar as it affects transatlantic security, terrorism continues to be treated as a threat emanating from countries in the MENA region. The 2014 Wales Summit declaration slightly mitigated the Alliance's limited focus by adding the Sahel to NATO's agenda for the first time. The Alliance has not, however, given due attention to the spread of terrorism in Sub-Saharan Africa, where much of the region is ripe for the cultivation of extremist ideologies. This paper follows from the contention that the threat of terrorism cannot be compartmentalized or studied in isolation. It looks at Sub-Saharan Africa as part of a globally networked world of transnational threats. Drawing on the relationship between Daesh and its 'wilayat' (province) in West Africa, this paper builds on the Wales Summit Declaration in arguing that instability and terrorism south of Sahel does constitute a threat to transatlantic security"--Pages 1-2.
Download or read book Horn Sahel and Rift written by Stig Jarle Hansen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1998 attaThe 1998 attacks against US embassies in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam attest to al-Qaeda's durable presence in Africa, yet Islamist-inspired radical organisations in the continent have gained much attention of late, the result of their campaigns of insurgent and terrorist violence directed against the state in Algeria, Somalia, Nigeria, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Uganda, Djibouti and Kenya. These groups include Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, Harakat Al Shabaab, Boko Haram, the Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa, and Ansar Dine. This book explains why the Idea of Jihad is alive and well in sub-Saharan Africa, even after more than thirty years of Western and global efforts to curtail it, and how most important organisations are formed by the interaction between the often under-estimated local and global dynamics. Stig Jarle Hansen has been researching African radical violent Islamism for more than fifteen years and is well placed to explain how and why such groups emerged, whether they manifest any specific traits compared with other violent Islamists, and what is likely to be their impact beyond the African continent. He also discusses the response of African and Western governments to this phenomenon cks against US embassies in Nairobi and Dar-es-Salaam attest to al-Qaeda's durable presence in Africa, yet Islamist-inspired radical organizations in the continent have gained much attention of late, the result of their campaigns of insurgent and terrorist violence directed against the state in Algeria, Somalia, Nigeria, Mali and Kenya. These groups include Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, Harakat Al Shabaab, Boko Haram, the Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa and Ansar Dine. Evidence has emerged to suggest that beyond shared political objectives they are also collaborating in terms of finance, propaganda, arms transfers and training, while Western governments believe some of them maintain links with Al-Qaeda "central." Stig Jarle Hansen has been researching African radical violent Islamism for more than ten years and is well placed to explain how and why such groups emerged, whether they manifest any specific traits compared with other violent Islamists, and what is likely to be their impact beyond the African continent. He also discusses the response of African and Western governments to this phenomenon.
