Download or read book Temporary Contracts Employment Protection and Skill written by Elena Casquel and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we explain the different conversion patterns of temporary contracts by the impact of employment protection in combination with differences in productivity between workers. We use longitudinal survey data from individuals to estimate a competing risks model with multi-spells for Spain. The model includes correlated unobserved determinants in the transition rates to deal with selectivity. We find that workers with higher levels of education have a stronger probability of finding a permanent job. In contrast, low-educated workers have a stronger probability of ending in unemployment or another temporary contract. Furthermore, we show the importance of employment protection in affecting the threshold level above which workers gain access to a permanent contract.
Download or read book Job Security and Temporary Employment Contracts written by Mehdi Shabannia Mansour and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-28 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the need of a legal protection at national and global levels to address the use of temporary employment contracts by employers. Chapter 1 reviews some theories of job security, showing how job security issues should be regulated in labour laws to protect workers and also how temporary contracts affect job security. Chapter 2 examines legal protection of job security in temporary contract in international contexts where it examines the concept and need for job security and job protection especially for temporary contracts based on three United Nations’ instruments, namely, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). Chapter 3 studies the ILO standards in relation to job security and temporary contracts as well as those covered by the Philadelphia Declaration and other conventions and recommendations. Chapter 4 discusses Islamic jurisprudence on jobs and job security. The main aims of this chapter is to provide the framework for protecting workers as a means to enhance job security in the world especially in Islam. It discusses Islamic jurisprudence concerning work and job conditions. The Islamic precept is based on the Qur’an and Hadith and these sources are used to explain the concept of jobs in Islam. In addition, this chapter also examines the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam (CDHRI).
Download or read book Regulation of Fixed term Employment Contracts written by Roger Blanpain and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades enterprises worldwide have reaped advantages of hiring employees on a contractual fixed-term basis, thus derogating from their traditional participation in the social protection of workers and insulating themselves from legal liability for unjust dismissal. A broad spectrum of effectiveness has emerged in this development, as different countries have adopted varying measures to regulate the conditions under which fixed- term employment contracts are written, applied, and interpreted. This important book --- which reprints papers submitted to the 10th Comparative Labour Law Seminar of the Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training held in Tokyo on 8 and 9 March 2010 - details the regulatory approaches to fixed-term contracts in major industrial jurisdictions in Asia and Europe, providing an opportunity to explore normative directions for labour law and policy in the age of a diversified workforce. Nine Knowledgeable and experienced contributors describe and analyse the legal status of fixed-term employment contracts (including relevant case law) in Australia, Britain, China, France, Germany, Japan, Korea, Sweden, and Taiwan. Each author takes into account evaluations from scholars, policymakers, and stakeholders to his or her country's regulatory approach to fixed-term employment contracts, revealing an array of responses ranging from a view that such contracts enhance employment opportunities in society to advocating suppression of their use as inherently abusive and discriminatory. The combined effect of these nine essays is to greatly increase our awareness of the nature of fixed-term employment contracts, from their fundamental value as social policy instruments to their inextricable connection with the law of dismissal. The book sets the stage for deeper and more firmly grounded work that promises to elucidate the underlying pattern of a new employer-employee relationship emerging on a worldwide scale.
Download or read book Temporary Contracts Employment Protection and Collective Bargaining written by Makoto Masui and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the effect of employment protection in a matching model with endogenous job destruction, collective bargaining, and two types of employment contracts. Using this framework, we show that (i) the impact on job creation and job destruction caused by reducing the firing costs associated with temporary jobs depends on the labour unions' bargaining strength and the gap in firing costs between contracts; (ii) reducing the firing costs associated with permanent jobs unambiguously decreases equilibrium unemployment if labour unions have strong bargaining power; and (iii) the impact caused by the firing costs differs between collective and individual bargaining.
Download or read book The Impact of Temporary Contracts on Jobs Firms and Workers written by Raffaele Saggio and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns over labor market flexibility have been at the center of the European political debate for the past three decades. In response to the widespread belief that rigid employment protection laws (EPL) depress employment, many countries -- including France, Spain, and Italy -- undertook reforms that substantially relaxed legal constraints on the use of temporary employment contracts. Importantly, however, these reforms were often only partial in that the degree of employment protection granted to workers hired via permanent employment contracts remained unchanged, leading to a fundamentally dual labor market. Economic theory delivers ambiguous predictions on the effects of such partial reforms. A number of studies have noted that such policy changes could in principle generate higher overall employment and improved labor market efficiency or alternatively they could lead to a substitution of permanent contracts with rotating temporary contracts and little or no net gain in employment. In this dissertation, my coauthors Diego Daruich, Sabrina Di Addario and I use detailed Italian social security records matched with firm financial data and a difference-in-differences research design to provide a comprehensive empirical evaluation of an Italian partial reform signed into law in 2001. This reform facilitated the usage of temporary contracts, while maintaining existing employment protections for workers with permanent contracts. Longitudinal data on jobs, firms, and workers permit us to answer three fundamental questions on the impact of this policy change: (1) How did the reform affect overall employment and labor income? (2) What factors contributed to the success or failure of the law in raising employment and earnings? (3) Were there heterogeneous effects across different worker and firm groups? In Chapter 1 and 2, we show that, contrary to the stated intent of the law, the reform had little or no effect on aggregate employment, and led to a decline in average earnings. After the reform the Italian labor market became increasingly segmented: more workers were trapped in cycles of low-paid and fragile temporary jobs where the likelihood of transitioning from temporary to permanent jobs fell substantially. On the other hand, consistent with the intention of the law, average firm labor costs fell and mapped into significant increases in profits. The reform generated both winners and losers: its primary beneficiaries were firms, their shareholders and managers, as well as older incumbent workers. By contrast, the earnings of younger workers and new entrants were substantially depressed following the policy change and this widened the inter-cohort gaps in earnings among Italian workers. In Chapter 3, we abstract from the effect of the reform and focus on the economic forces behind the substantial gap in daily wages between permanent and temporary workers. Informed by the large underrepresentation of temporary contract workers within unions, we investigate the role of employers' pay policies and the lower bargaining power of temporary contract workers. Exploiting within-person daily wage changes for workers who transitioned from a temporary to a permanent contract within the same employer, we find that temporary workers received only 66\% of the rents traditionally shared by firms with workers employed under a permanent employment contract. This dissertation is structured as follows. In Chapter 1, we begin by explaining the Italian institutional background and the 2001 reform that facilitated the creation of temporary employment contracts by firms. We then present a theoretical model to guide our empirical analysis. Chapter 1 concludes by showing how the reform impacted the dynamics of job creation, duration and destruction using Italian social security data. In Chapter 2 we focus on the effects of the reform on the two fundamental actors operating in the labor market: firms and workers. A particular attention is devoted to analyze how the earnings profile of young workers have been affected, both in the short and in long run, by the introduction of the reform. Chapter 3 presents our rent sharing estimates that quantify to what extent temporary contract workers have lower bargaining power within the firm compared to permanent contract workers.
Download or read book Temporary Employment written by Bernard Casey and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the growth and distribution of different forms of temporary contract of employment, together with an evaluation of their costs and benefits to employers and employees.
Download or read book Sweden written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-12-02 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper examines the labor market and migration in Sweden. Sweden enjoys a broadly well-functioning labor market. The labor force has been expanding at a healthy pace, in part reflecting rising participation including by females. This paper discusses the compositional changes in the labor force, employment, and unemployment over the past decade. A brief overview of migration flows, their composition, and their demographic benefits is provided. An assessment of the potential implications of the projected increase in migration for unemployment is done. The features of Sweden’s labor market that contribute to the higher unemployment rates of the lower skilled and foreign-born are also outlined.
Download or read book Precarious work and high skilled youth in Europe written by AA. VV. and published by FrancoAngeli. This book was released on 2012-10-05T00:00:00+02:00 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 365.937
Download or read book The Impact of Restricting Fixed term Contracts on Labor and Skill Demand written by Giuseppe Grasso and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the impact of increasing the relative cost of fixed-term contracts on labor demand as well as the demand for standard measures of human capital and specific skill requirements. We evaluate a 2018 Italian labor law reform that raised the cost of fixed- term contracts while keeping permanent contract costs unchanged. We employ a difference-in-differences research design, leveraging the variation in firms' exposure to the reform resulting from their diverse reliance on fixed-term contracts due to differing reactions to earlier labor market reforms. Using rich data covering the near universe of online job vacancies in Italy, our findings indicate that the increase in hiring costs for temporary contracts led to a decrease in the relative demand for temporary workers and an increase in the demand for permanent workers. This shift in demand was accompanied by upskilling towards workers with higher levels of human capital and specific skill requirements. When offering jobs under permanent contracts, firms increased their demand for workers with a college degree and social skills. At the same time, they reduced their demand for workers with only a high school degree and no work experience. On the other hand, when offering jobs under fixed-term contracts, firms increased their demand for workers with some work experience and social skills. These findings suggest that while restricting fixed-term contracts encouraged the hiring of permanent workers, such reforms might have unintended consequences by raising the hiring standards for job entry, thereby reducing employment opportunities for less qualified workers.
Download or read book Permanent Jobs Employment Protection and Job Content written by Lawrence M. Kahn and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) data for twenty-one countries, I study the impact of employment protection laws (EPL) on job content. I find that workers' use of influence, reading, writing, planning, numeracy and information and computer technology skills, and their task discretion, were higher in permanent than in temporary jobs. Moreover, stricter EPL on permanent jobs raised the gap in job content for influence, reading, writing, and planning skills used in permanent jobs versus temporary jobs.
Download or read book The Impact of Employment Protection Mandates on Demographic Temporary Employment Patterns written by Lawrence M. Kahn and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Using 1994-98 International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) microdata, this paper investigates the impact of employment protection laws on the incidence of temporary employment by demographic group. More stringent employment protection for regular jobs is predicted to increase the relative incidence of temporary employment for less experienced and less skilled workers. I test this reasoning using IALS data for Canada, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States, countries with widely differing levels of mandated employment protection. Across these countries, the strength of such mandates (as measured by the OECD) is positively associated with the relative incidence of temporary employment for young workers, native women, immigrant women and those with low cognitive ability. These effects largely hold up when I adjust for the possible sample selection due to the fact that employment to population ratios differ across countries. Moreover, the effects of protection on the young, women, and immigrants are stronger in countries with higher levels of collective bargaining coverage, suggesting a connection between binding wage floors and the allocative effects of employment protection mandates"--Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit web site.
Download or read book OECD Employment Outlook 2020 written by Oecd and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OECD Employment Outlook 2014 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-03 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Employment Outlook 2014 includes chapters on recent labour market developments with a special section on earnings, job quality, youth employment, and forms of employment and employment protection.
Download or read book Skills and Jobs in Brazil written by Rita K. Almeida and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skills and Jobs in Brazil: An Agenda for Youth is a new report focusing on the challenge of economic engagement among the Brazilian youth. In the context of a fast aging population, Brazil’s greatest economic opportunity is to increase its labor productivity, especially that of youth. This report documents important new facts about the extent of the youth economic disengagement, while at school and at work. Today, close to half of the Brazilian youth aged 15-29 years old is not fully economically engaged, because they are neither working nor studying, are studying in schools of poor quality, or are working in informal and precarious jobs. The report shows how the youth prospects in the labor market are dimmed by policies favoring existing workers over new entrants; in addition, it shows how youth are often ill equipped to meet an increasingly challenging labor market. The report suggests new education, skills, and jobs policy changes that Brazil could prioritize moving forward, so that it can take advantage of the last wave of its demographic transition. The report discusses in particular depth policies aiming to increase learning and reduce school dropouts in upper secondary education, and labor market policies that aim to support more effective and faster youth transitions from school to work.
Download or read book Temporary and contracted work in the United States written by Françoise J. Carré and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OECD Skills Studies OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report The Netherlands 2017 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Netherlands identifies the following three skills priorities for the Netherlands - fostering more equitable skills outcomes, creating skills-intensive workplaces, and promoting a learning culture.
Download or read book OECD Skills Studies OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report Mexico 2017 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Mexico sets out eight skills challenges for Mexico.
