Download or read book Caracterizaci n mediante teledetecci n del funcionamiento de los ecosistemas ib ricos Bases para la conservaci n de la biodiversidad en un escenario de cambio global written by Domingo Alcaraz Segura and published by Universidad Almería. This book was released on 2008-04-16 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El cambio global afectará de forma importante a la biodiversidad y a los servicios ecosistémicos. El empleo de atributos funcionales de los ecosistemas a escala regional en la evaluación de las consecuencias de estos cambios se muestra ventajoso a la hora de conectar los estudios locales y globales y de cara a establecer programas de seguimiento. Sin embargo, no son muchos los trabajos a escala regional que analizan los efectos del cambio global sobre el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas de la Península Ibérica o que proporcionen una situación de referencia frente a la que comparar el efecto del uso de la tierra y de los cambios climáticos y atmosféricos sobre los ecosistemas. En esta Tesis se documentaron los patrones espaciotemporales de la fracción de radiación fotosintéticamente activa (fPAR) interceptada por parte de la vegetación actual de la Península Ibérica, así como las tendencias observadas en la misma para los ecosistemas protegidos bajo la Red Española de Parques Nacionales. También, se exploraron los controles climáticos y de usos del suelo que subyacen detrás de los patrones encontrados. Para ello, se empleó como medida integradora del funcionamiento ecosistémico un estimador del fPAR y, por tanto, de la productividad primaria neta: el Índice Verde Normalizado (NDVI) obtenido a partir de imágenes NOAA/AVHRR entre 1982 y 1999. Se utilizaron los siguientes atributos funcionales de las curvas estacionales de este índice: la integral anual, la variabilidad intraanual o rango relativo, los valores máximo y mínimo de NDVI, la época en la que se alcanzan estos valores, y las variabilidades interanuales de todos ellos. Se identificaron Tipos Funcionales de Ecosistemas que recogieron de forma sintética la heterogeneidad espacial del fPAR en la Península y cuyos patrones sugieren que el uso de la tierra modifica a escala regional los ciclos del carbono. La precipitación, la temperatura, la vegetación potencial y el tipo de uso por el cual se la reemplaza, controlaron la magnitud y el sentido de las diferencias en la dinámica del NDVI. La caracterización de atributos funcionales en áreas naturales, seminaturales y protegidas de España reveló los diferentes controles que determinan la dinámica del NDVI a lo largo de los gradientes ambientales entre la Región Mediterránea y la Eurosiberiana. El análisis sobre parques nacionales mostró algunos huecos en la Red y permitió diferenciar aquellos parques que representan tipos de funcionamiento ecosistémico singulares en el contexto ibérico, de aquellos otros que constituyen paisajes representativos del funcionamiento de gran parte de la vegetación ibérica. Además, nuestros resultados pusieron de manifiesto cómo los parques nacionales españoles, áreas con altos niveles de protección, tendieron a aumentar la productividad y a disminuir las diferencias entre las estaciones de crecimiento y de reposo en el corto plazo. En conjunto, esta Tesis ofrece una caracterización de referencia frente a la que evaluar los efectos del cambio global sobre el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas ibéricos y con la que incorporar aspectos funcionales de los ecosistemas a las políticas de conservación de la naturaleza y de mantenimiento de los servicios ecosistémicos, en concreto, los relacionados con el secuestro de carbono.

Download or read book Advanced Geoscience Remote Sensing written by Maged Marghany and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, advanced remote sensing technology plays tremendous roles to build a quantitative and comprehensive understanding of how the Earth system operates. The advanced remote sensing technology is also used widely to monitor and survey the natural disasters and man-made pollution. Besides, telecommunication is considered as precise advanced remote sensing technology tool. Indeed precise usages of remote sensing and telecommunication without a comprehensive understanding of mathematics and physics. This book has three parts (i) microwave remote sensing applications, (ii) nuclear, geophysics and telecommunication; and (iii) environment remote sensing investigations.

Download or read book Trends and Advances in Information Systems and Technologies written by Álvaro Rocha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-24 with total page 1537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes a selection of papers from the 2018 World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (WorldCIST'18), held in Naples, Italy on March27-29, 2018. WorldCIST is a global forum for researchers and practitioners to present and discuss recent results and innovations, current trends, professional experiences and the challenges of modern information systems and technologies research together with their technological development and applications. The main topics covered are: A) Information and Knowledge Management; B) Organizational Models and Information Systems; C) Software and Systems Modeling; D) Software Systems, Architectures, Applications and Tools; E) Multimedia Systems and Applications; F) Computer Networks, Mobility and Pervasive Systems; G) Intelligent and Decision Support Systems; H) Big Data Analytics and Applications; I) Human–Computer Interaction; J) Ethics, Computers & Security; K) Health Informatics; L) Information Technologies in Education; M) Information Technologies in Radiocommunications; N) Technologies for Biomedical Applications.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing written by Emilio Chuvieco and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An extensive review of remote sensing principles with an emphasis on environmental applications, Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing discusses a wide range of topics, from physical principles to data acquisition systems and on to visual and digital interpretation techniques. The text focuses on the interpretation and analysis of remote sensing images and how they improve our understanding of environmental processes and their interaction with human activities. The authors discuss new interpretation approaches, including hyperspectral analysis, high-spatial resolution data, and radiative transfer models. The presentation includes an analysis of accuracy assessment methods and demonstrates how to integrate remote sensing results with geographic information systems. It also covers recent missions, such as Terra-Aqua, Envisat, Ikonos-Quickbird-Geoeye and SPOT-5, as well as LIDAR and interpherometric radar. The discussion of visual criteria to extract interpretation from satellite images emphasizes differences and similarities with conventional photo-interpretation techniques. A chapter on accuracy assessment and the connection between remote sensing and geographic information systems helps readers extend the interpretation of satellite images to a more operational, applications-oriented framework.

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Biomass written by Lola Fatoyinbo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-28 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accurate measurement of ecosystem biomass is of great importance in scientific, resource management and energy sectors. In particular, biomass is a direct measurement of carbon storage within an ecosystem and of great importance for carbon cycle science and carbon emission mitigation. Remote Sensing is the most accurate tool for global biomass measurements because of the ability to measure large areas. Current biomass estimates are derived primarily from ground-based samples, as compiled and reported in inventories and ecosystem samples. By using remote sensing technologies, we are able to scale up the sample values and supply wall to wall mapping of biomass. Three separate remote sensing technologies are available today to measure ecosystem biomass: passive optical, radar, and lidar. There are many measurement methodologies that range from the application driven to the most technologically cutting-edge. The goal of this book is to address the newest developments in biomass measurements, sensor development, field measurements and modeling. The chapters in this book are separated into five main sections.

Download or read book Working with Dynamic Crop Models written by Daniel Wallach and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-05-10 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical models are being used more and more widely to study complex dynamic systems (global weather, ecological systems, hydrological systems, nuclear reactors etc. including the specific subject of this book, crop-soil systems). The models are important aids in understanding, predicting and managing these systems. Such models are complex and imperfect. One fundamental research direction is to seek a better understanding of how these systems function, and to propose mathematical expressions embodying that understanding. However, this is not sufficient. It is also essential to have tools (often mathematical and statistical methods) to aid in developing, improving and using the models built from those equations. The book is specifically concerned with the application of methods to crop models, but much of the material is also applicable to dynamic system models in other fields. The goal of this book is to fill that gap.* State-of-the-art methods explained simply and illustrated specifically for crop models* Parameter estimation – applying statistical methods to the complex case of crop models, including Bayesian methods * Includes model evaluation, understanding and estimating prediction error* Offers a unique data assimilation by using the Kalman filter and beyond

Download or read book Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems written by Marco Bindi and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the main results deriving from fourteen studies, dealing with the impact of climate change on different agricultural and natural ecosystems, carried out within the Impact of Climate change On agricultural and Natural Ecosystems (ICONE) project funded by the ALFA Programme of the European Commission. During this project, a common methodology on several Global Change-related matters was developed and shared among members of scientific communities coming from Latin America and Europe. In order to facilitate this interdisciplinary approach, specific mobility programmes, addressed to post-graduate, Master and PhD students, have been organized. The research, led by the research groups, was focused on the study of the impact of climate change on various environmental features (i.e. runoff in hydrological basins, soil erosion and moisture, forest canopy, sugarcane crop, land use, drought, precipitation, etc). Integrated and shared methodologies of atmospheric physics, remote sensing, eco-physiology and modelling have been applied.

Download or read book Sustainable Territorial Management written by David Rodr´ıguez-Rodr´ıguez and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Sustainable Territorial Management" that was published in Environments

Download or read book Assessment of supplemental irrigation and water harvesting potential Methodologies and case studies from Tunisia written by and published by ICARDA. This book was released on with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modern Fuzzy Control Systems and Its Applications written by S. Ramakrishnan and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-08-30 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Control systems play an important role in engineering. Fuzzy logic is the natural choice for designing control applications and is the most popular and appropriate for the control of home and industrial appliances. Academic and industrial experts are constantly researching and proposing innovative and effective fuzzy control systems. This book is an edited volume and has 21 innovative chapters arranged into five sections covering applications of fuzzy control systems in energy and power systems, navigation systems, imaging, and industrial engineering. Overall, this book provides a rich set of modern fuzzy control systems and their applications and will be a useful resource for the graduate students, researchers, and practicing engineers in the field of electrical engineering.

Download or read book Colorimetry and Image Processing written by Carlos Travieso-Gonzalez and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-01-24 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, the technological advances allow developing many applications in different fields. In the book Colorimetry and Image Processing, two important fields are presented: colorimetry and image processing. Colorimetry is observed by a visual interactive programming learning system, an approach based on color analysis of Habanero chili pepper, an approach based on scene image segmentation centered on mathematical morphology, other systems based on the simulations of the dichromatic color appearance, and, finally, an approach based on the color reconstruction in order to enhancement its using super-resolution methods. On the other hand, image processing is shown by pansharpening algorithms for hyperspectral images, an approach based on the analysis of the low-resolution satellite images and ground-based sky camera for estimating the cloud motion, a hybrid super-resolution framework that combines desirable features of TV and PM models, a study of the real-time video analysis used for anthropometric measurements on agricultural tools and machines, and finally, an approach based on the threshold optimization iterative algorithm using the ground truth data and assessing the accuracy of a range of threshold values through the corresponding Kappa coefficient of concordance.

Download or read book Sustainable Built Environment and Urban Growth Management written by Wann-Ming Wey and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-02-21 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, the sustainable built environment planning in most cities has come to a turning point as the growth in traffic and population has become a serious concern and put tremendous pressure on both the environment and people in these cities. It is therefore important to find new ways or lifestyles—such as compact city, transit-oriented development (TOD) formulations—that are more flexible, inclusive, and sustainable. Furthermore, for the sustainable built environment and urban growth management, not only should the growth management principles—which include smart growth, sustainable growth, and inclusive growth—be taken into account but innovative/smart planning strategies—such as mixed use design, green transport, and new urbanism—are also utilized in planning sustainable built environments in order to prevent the urban sprawl development that has occurred.

Download or read book Modelling Environmental Dynamics written by Martin Paegelow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-16 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modelling environmental dynamics is critical to understanding and predicting the evolution of the environment in response to the large number of influences including urbanisation, climate change and deforestation. Simulation and modelling provide support for decision making in environmental management. The first chapter introduces terminology and provides an overview of methodological modelling approaches which may be applied to environmental and complex dynamics. Based on this introduction this book illustrates various models applied to a large variety of themes: deforestation in tropical regions, fire risk, natural reforestation in European mountains, agriculture, biodiversity, urbanism, climate change and land management for decision support, etc. These case studies, provided by a large international spectrum of researchers and presented in a uniform structure, focus particularly on methods and model validation so that this book is not only aimed at researchers and graduates but also at professionals.

Download or read book Urban Remote Sensing written by Qihao Weng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Remote Sensing, Second Edition assembles a team of professional experts to provide a much-needed update on the applications of remote sensing technology to urban and suburban areas. This book reflects new developments in spaceborne and airborne sensors, image processing methods and techniques, and wider applications of urban remote sensing to meet societal and economic challenges. In various sections of the book the authors address methods for upscaling urban feature extraction to the global scale, new methods in mapping and detecting urban landscape features and structures, and mapping and monitoring urbanization in developing countries. Additionally, readers are provided with valuable case studies such as the HEAT (Heat Energy Assessment Technologies) project in Calgary, Canada and the use of VHR (very high resolution) satellite monitoring in Salzburg, Austria to tackle challenges of urban green planning. Features Explores the most up-to-date developments in the field of urban remote sensing Integrates both technical and practical aspects covering all different topics of global urban growth issues Provides new and updated contributions addressing data mining of remotely sensed big data, recent urban studies on a global scale, accuracy assessment and validation, and new technical challenges Examines various applications of urban remote sensing in support of urban planning, environmental management, and sustainable urban development Authors are renowned figures in the field of remote sensing

Download or read book Monitoreo ambiental y uso sustentable de las tierras del Cono Sur written by Ernesto Viglizzo and published by IICA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoramento e avaliacao de impacto ambiental na agricultura; el uso sustentable de las tierras en el Cono Sur: la cooperacion cientifica como base para orientar politicas regionales de ordenamiento territorial; sistemas de informacion geografica su situacion actual y disponibilidad de datos en la Republica Argentina; monitoreo ambiental y uso sustentable de las tierras en Bolivia; Brasil - diagnostico da situacion nacional; antecedentes generales de los recursos naturales de Chile; analisis de sistemas y modelacion: la experiencia del INIA Chile; disponibilidad de datos y levantamientos basicos de los recursos naturales del Paraguay; mejoramiento ambiental. Uso sustentable de la tierra.

Download or read book Precision agriculture 13 written by John V. Stafford and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-09-04 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precision agriculture is now 'main stream' in agriculture and is playing a key role as the industry comes to terms with the environment, market forces, quality requirements, traceability, vehicle guidance and crop management. Research continues to be necessary and needs to be reported and disseminated to a wide audience. This book contains peer reviewed papers presented at the 9th European Conference on Precision Agriculture, held in Lleida, Spain. The papers reflect the wide range of disciplines that impinge on precision agriculture: technology, crop science, soil science, agronomy, information technology, decision support, remote sensing and others. The broad range of research topics reported will be a valuable resource for researchers, advisors, teachers and professionals in agriculture long after the conference has finished.

Download or read book Quantitative Techniques in Participatory Forest Management written by Eugenio Martinez-Falero and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest management has evolved from a mercantilist view to a multi-functional one that integrates economic, social, and ecological aspects. However, the issue of sustainability is not yet resolved. Quantitative Techniques in Participatory Forest Management brings together global research in three areas of application: inventory of the forest variables that determine the main environmental indices, description and design of new environmental indices, and the application of sustainability indices for regional implementations. All these quantitative techniques create the basis for the development of scientific methodologies of participatory sustainable forest management.