Download or read book Tecnolog a phronesis y humanismo en ciencias de la salud written by José Granero Molina and published by Universidad Almería. This book was released on 2011-02-02 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La ciencia y la técnica avanzan de la mano a lo largo de la historia en un recorrido que culmina en una sociedad globalizada donde la tecnología impone sus normas, y cuyas consecuencias son imprevisibles para el hombre y para el mundo. Desde una «filosofía de las humanidades» nos planteamos el impacto de estas cuestiones en la vida humana a través de una visión histórica del conocimiento científico y su conversión en método dominante. Esta infiltración del elemento tecnológico en todas las facetas de la vida abre una serie de vías de investigación específicas para las distintas ramas de conocimiento. En las llamadas «Ciencias de la Salud», no sólo se han cuestionado ciertos logros científicos, sino que se ha generado una profunda discusión respecto a la práctica. Nos replanteamos el dominio de la racionalidad científico-técnica en las ciencias de la salud buscando respuestas a: ¿hasta qué punto este tipo de racionalidad dominante muestra su suficiencia y capacidad en la resolución de las cuestiones humanas relacionadas con la salud y la enfermedad?, ¿dónde queda la individualidad dentro de un proceso en el que se trata y se cuida mediante criterios estandarizados? La objetivación de la salud, la enfermedad, el diagnóstico, la terapia y los cuidados nos plantea la validez exclusiva de los métodos cuantitativos aplicados a las ciencias de la salud. Partiremos del análisis del conocimiento dominante en estas ciencias, buscaremos similitudes y diferencias con los modos de conocimiento de las ciencias naturales o las histórico-hermenéuticas y realizaremos una crítica filosófica. También se desarrolla un trabajo empírico que va más allá de lo estríctamente teórico. OBJETIVOS: 1. Realizar un análisis e indagación crítico-filosófica del saber científico-técnico y hermenéutico en las ciencias de la salud. 2. Corroborar las cuestiones teóricas mediante el análisis de Documentos de Consentimiento Informado (DCI) relacionados con el nacimiento, de uso en hospitales públicos de Andalucía, determinando: ¿cómo se caracteriza el conocimiento científico-técnico en situaciones prácticas relacionadas con las ciencias de la salud?, ¿cómo se articula la información en DCI para intervenciones relacionadas con el nacimiento? y ¿cuál es la representación del conocimiento hermenéutico, como complemento del científico-técnico, en las ciencias de la salud? METODOLOGÍA: 1. Indagación y reflexión filosófica. 2. Análisis de contenido de DCI. Obtención de Teoría Fundamentada, uso del programa ATLAS.ti 6.0. CONCLUSIONES: El conocimiento inductivo aplicado a las cuestiones humanas se muestra problemático, lo que conocemos es probablemente verdadero y las inferencias de muestras a poblaciones se ampara en la probabilidad. La eficacia de métodos, tratamientos y cuidados en su traslación a la individualidad se presenta dudosa. Los datos de “significación estadística” (valor p) no constituyen la panacea para la toma de decisiones. Lo estadísticamente significativo puede no ser clínicamente relevante, la realidad excede a los criterios de explicación de la teoría. Existe una clara asimetría de atribuciones entre los actores que participan en el proceso salud-enfermedad. El Documento de Consentimiento Informado, dominado por el lenguaje científico-técnico, se muestra más como un elemento de protección de los profesionales que como el garante de la toma de decisiones compartida. Los procesos quedan cuantificados, al igual que los riesgos y expectativas, de manera imprecisa y en términos preferentemente cualitativos. En las ciencias de la salud no hay una barrera clara que separe taxativamente lo normal de lo patológico. Lo “individual” y el “todo” se siguen cerrando a la objetivación, lo personal y contextual se encuentra infrarepresentado. Todos queremos instalarnos al amparo de la objetividad y del método, pero las intervenciones técnicas en las ciencias de la salud no se ciñen en exclusiva a la extrapolación de leyes al caso concreto, sino también a la adecuación al caso individual a través de la experiencia hermenéutica; hay cuestiones que no se entienden en términos exclusivamente científico-técnicos que apenas constan en los DCI. Dentro del proceso salud-enfermedad confluyen dos visiones distintas, no estamos poniendo en duda la idoneidad de la metodología empírico analítica para el estudio de aspectos físico-biológicos o fisiológicos, pero sí pretendemos poner en valor otras formas de conocimiento. Desde la hermenéutica se reconoce que hay algo detrás de los enunciados, incluso de los científicos, hay juicios y prejuicios, un “estar ahí” que facilita la comprensión añadiendo un plus de conocimiento. La tarea fundamental de la hermenéutica consiste en mostrar que, sólo cabe llamar experiencia a la integración de todos los conocimientos de la ciencia en el saber personal del individuo, pero hay que desarrollarlo en la praxis a través de la phrónesis. La curación y cuidados son tareas compartidas donde confluyen los tres tipos de intereses. EL interés técnico estará presente esencialmente en aquellas disciplinas que incorporen formación y conocimiento teórico sobre ciencias básicas, diagnóstico, tratamiento y cuidado de la salud; en esencia el área de medicina y, con funciones de colaboración en ciertos procesos, y de manera independiente en los que supongan la satisfacción de necesidades básicas, el área de enfermería. El interés práctico es desarrollable por todas las áreas de conocimiento de las ciencias de la salud, pero esencialmente desde el conocimiento enfermero, que enfrenta a cuidador y paciente en un horizonte situacional, un “ser-ahí” que es “estar ahí” único e irrepetible. Esta presencia, que complementa al conocimiento teórico (científico), es la que da pie a las condiciones necesarias para un conocimiento hermenéutico, que hemos venido en llamar phrónesis.
Download or read book Ciencia y humanismo en medicina written by H. Aréchiga and published by Siglo XXI. This book was released on 2003 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Es profunda la raíz humanística de la medicina científica. En este libro se examina su vigencia en la práctica médica, al revitalizarse la sentencia de Terencio: " ... nada de lo humano me es ajeno", y que remarca la aspiración de ajustar el modo de vida individual a observar y atender, con interés genuino, todo lo concerniente a lo humano. Esta actitud es la del médico que considera, valora y trata a su paciente no como un cuerpo sino como una persona. La medicina es uno de los espacios más complejos de interacción entre las ciencias y las humanidades. Se le ha considerado la más científica de las humanidades y la más humanística de las ciencias. Sin duda, ha nutrido y enriquecido a estas dos grandes vertientes del desarrollo de la cultura, las cuales son en ocasiones convergentes, en otras antagónicas, siempre sinérgicas. No obstante sus innegables diferencias, en esta obra se revela con gran profundidad en qué sentido se están creando espacios de acercamiento entre los conceptos básicos de ambas corrientes del saber, buscando atender con gran visión uno de los desafíos más importantes para nuestra sociedad: integrar en la formación del núcleo cultural de los jóvenes, las mejores contribuciones de las ciencias y las humanidades, en una firme amalgama que permita a las próximas generaciones aprovechar lo mejor del intelecto humano.
Download or read book Epistemologies of the South written by Boaventura de Sousa Santos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-17 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the concept of 'cognitive injustice': the failure to recognise the different ways of knowing by which people across the globe run their lives and provide meaning to their existence. Boaventura de Sousa Santos shows why global social justice is not possible without global cognitive justice. Santos argues that Western domination has profoundly marginalised knowledge and wisdom that had been in existence in the global South. She contends that today it is imperative to recover and valorize the epistemological diversity of the world. Epistemologies of the South outlines a new kind of bottom-up cosmopolitanism, in which conviviality, solidarity and life triumph against the logic of market-ridden greed and individualism.
Download or read book Protest and Democracy written by Moises Arce and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2011, political protests sprang up across the world. In the Middle East, Europe, Latin America, the United States unlikely people sparked or led massive protest campaigns from the Arab Spring to Occupy Wall Street. These protests were made up of educated and precariously employed young people who challenged the legitimacy of their political leaders, exposed a failure of representation, and expressed their dissatisfaction with their place in the aftermath of financial and economic crisis. This book interrogates what impacts--if any--this global protest cycle had on politics and policy and shows the sometimes unintended ways it continues to influence contemporary political dynamics throughout the world. Proposing a new framework of analysis that calls attention to the content and claims of protests, their global connections, and the responsiveness of political institutions to protest demands, this is one of the few books that not only asks how protest movements are formed but also provides an in-depth examination of what protest movements can accomplish. With contributions examining the political consequences of protest, the roles of social media and the internet in protest organization, left- and right-wing movements in the United States, Chile's student movements, the Arab Uprisings, and much more this collection is essential reading for all those interested in the power of protest to shape our world.
Download or read book The Structure of Science written by Ernest Nagel and published by Hackett Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 1979 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent controversies between analytic and historic-sociological approaches to the philosophy of science have not diminished its significance; in fact, it seems to me that the pragmatic component in Nagel's have not diminished its significance; in fact, it seems to me that the pragmatic component in Nagel's thinking may be helpful for efforts to develop a rapprochement between the contending schools. -- Carl G Hempel
Download or read book Synergetics written by Hermann Haken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past years the field of synergetics has been mushrooming. An ever increasing number of scientific papers are published on the subject, and numerous conferences all over the world are devoted to it. Depending on the particular aspects of synergetics being treated, these conferences can have such varied titles as "Nonequilibrium Nonlinear Statistical Physics," "Self-Organization," "Chaos and Order," and others. Many professors and students have expressed the view that the present book provides a good introduction to this new field. This is also reflected by the fact that it has been translated into Russian, Japanese, Chinese, German, and other languages, and that the second edition has also sold out. I am taking the third edition as an opportunity to cover some important recent developments and to make the book still more readable. First, I have largely revised the section on self-organization in continuously extended media and entirely rewritten the section on the Benard instability. Sec ond, because the methods of synergetics are penetrating such fields as eco nomics, I have included an economic model on the transition from full employ ment to underemployment in which I use the concept of nonequilibrium phase transitions developed elsewhere in the book. Third, because a great many papers are currently devoted to the fascinating problem of chaotic motion, I have added a section on discrete maps. These maps are widely used in such problems, and can reveal period-doubling bifurcations, intermittency, and chaos.
Download or read book History and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Activity written by R. Scott Kretchmar and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2023-07-26 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Activity, Second Edition With HKPropel Access, seamlessly blends the historical and philosophical dimensions of the study of human movement. The text follows a chronology of human movement from our origins as hunter-gatherers to the present, offering philosophical and ethical analyses alongside explorations of cultural shifts that have emerged from different ethnic, racial, gender, and national traditions. The second edition of History and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Activity is ideal for instructors who teach history and philosophy in a single course. Each chapter provides a historical scaffolding that leads into philosophical discussions about the issues raised. The text eschews dense blocks of text in favor of accessible writing and an interactive student experience. Updates to the latest edition include expanded coverage of diversity, equity, and inclusion topics; a deeper exploration of epistemology; a discussion of alternate forms of physical activity; and new material about the ethics of research. Contemporary topics of discussion such as the Exercise Is Medicine (EIM) movement, athlete biodata collection, and transgender and nonbinary athletes in sport are thoroughly explored. Discussion questions and study questions at the end of each chapter challenge students to reflect on the course material and share their ideas. Historical profile sidebars throughout the chapters allow students to gain greater insight into historical figures and events. Throughout the text, students are prompted to access related online activities in HKPropel. These short exercises connect philosophical inquiry to historical events and modern-day issues and serve as important tools for improving students’ reasoning skills. Instructors are supported with a comprehensive instructor guide that includes sample responses to the downloadable student exercises, section references for the downloadable study questions, and sample discussion and assignment prompts related to the discussion questions. The instructor guide also includes ideas and instructions for semester-long student projects. History and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Activity, Second Edition, presents a thorough integration of philosophy and history, capitalizing on the strengths of both disciplines. Note: A code for accessing HKPropel is not included with this ebook but may be purchased separately.
Download or read book Subjectivity written by João Guilherme Biehl and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2007-04-11 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Talks about the ways personal lives are being undone and remade today. This book examines the ethnography of the modern subject, probes the continuity and diversity of modes of personhood across a range of Western and non-Western societies. It considers what happens to individual subjectivity when environments such as communities are transformed.
Download or read book The President s Physician written by Babatunde E. Omobowale and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Philosophy and the City written by Sharon M. Meagher and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2008-01-10 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive source book on philosophy and the city. Using philosophical works from ancient Greece to contemporary times, Philosophy and the City demonstrates both why philosophy matters to the city and how cities matter to philosophy. The collection addresses questions that remain central to urban planning and everyday urban life, such as, What is a city? What does it mean to be a good citizen? By bringing various perspectives together, Sharon M. Meagher provides readers the opportunity to better understand key philosophical debates concerning not only social and political philosophy but also place and identity formation, aesthetics, philosophy of race and diversity, and environmental philosophy. Sharon M. Meagher is Professor of Philosophy and Director of Women?s Studies at the University of Scranton. She is the coeditor (with Patrice DiQuinzio) of Women and Children First: Feminism, Rhetoric, and Public Policy, also published by SUNY Press.
Download or read book Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Christentum Erganzungsband written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications of the Modern Language Association of America written by Modern Language Association of America and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1921-1969 include annual bibliography, called 1921-1955, American bibliography; 1956-1963, Annual bibliography; 1964-1968, MLA international bibliography.
Download or read book Recent Advances in Arthroplasty written by Samo Fokter and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-01-27 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book was to offer an overview of recent insights into the current state of arthroplasty. The tremendous long term success of Sir Charnley's total hip arthroplasty has encouraged many researchers to treat pain, improve function and create solutions for higher quality of life. Indeed and as described in a special chapter of this book, arthroplasty is an emerging field in the joints of upper extremity and spine. However, there are inborn complications in any foreign design brought to the human body. First, in the chapter on infections we endeavor to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis and description of the management of this difficult problem. Second, the immune system is faced with a strange material coming in huge amounts of micro-particles from the tribology code. Therefore, great attention to the problem of aseptic loosening has been addressed in special chapters on loosening and on materials currently available for arthroplasty.
Download or read book Urban Social Theory written by Michael Bounds and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive coverage of urban social theory within the history of social thought. It's an accessible and comprehensive coverage of the major social theorists and schools.
Download or read book Essays on the Foundations of Aristotelian Political Science written by Carnes Lord and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Republicanism written by Cécile Laborde and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-10-09 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive analysis of the philosophical issues raised by the hijab controversy in France, this book also conducts a dialogue between contemporary Anglo-American and French political theory and defends a progressive republican solution to so-called multicultural conflicts in contemporary societies. It critically assesses the official republican philosophy of laïcité which purported to justify the 2004 ban on religious signs in schools. Laïcité is shown to encompass a comprehensive theory of republican citizenship, centered on three ideals: equality (secular neutrality of the public sphere), liberty (individual autonomy and emancipation) and fraternity (civic loyalty to the community of citizens). Challenging official interpretations of laïcité, the book then puts forward a critical republicanism which does not support the hijab ban, yet upholds a revised interpretation of three central republican commitments: secularism, non-domination and civic solidarity. Thus, it articulates a version of secularism which squarely addresses the problem of status quo bias - the fact that Western societies are historically not neutral towards all religions. It also defends a vision of female emancipation which rejects the coercive paternalism inherent in the regulation of religious dress, yet does not leave individuals unaided in the face of religious and secular, patriarchal and ethnocentric domination. Finally, the book outlines a theory of immigrant integration which places the burden of civic integration on basic socio-political institutions, rather than on citizens themselves. Critical republicanism proposes an entirely new approach to the management of religious and cultural pluralism, centred on the pursuit of the progressive ideal of non-domination in existing, non-ideal societies. Oxford Political Theory presents the best new work in contemporary political theory. It is intended to be broad in scope, including original contributions to political philosophy, and also work in applied political theory. The series will contain works of outstanding quality with no restriction as to approach or subject matter. Series Editors: Will Kymlicka, David Miller, and Alan Ryan.
Download or read book Aristotelian Naturalism written by Martin Hähnel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-06 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features many of the leading voices championing the revival of Neo-Aristotelian Ethical Naturalism (AN) in contemporary philosophy. It addresses the whole range of issues facing this research program at present. Coverage in the collection identifies differentiations, details standpoints, and points out new perspectives. This volume answers a need: AN is quite new to contemporary philosophy, despite its deep roots in the history of philosophy. As yet, there are many unanswered questions regarding its relation to contemporary views in metaethics. It is certainly not equivalent to dominant naturalistic approaches to metaethics in Anglophone philosophy. Indeed, it is not obviously incompatible with some approaches identified as nonnaturalistic. Further, there are controversies regarding the views of the first wave of virtue revivalists. The work of G.E.M. Anscombe and Philippa Foot is frequently misunderstood, despite the fact that they are important figures in the contemporary revival. This volume details a robust approach to ethics by situating it within the context of human life. It will help readers to better understand how AN raises deep questions about the relation of action and its evaluation to human nature. Neo-Aristotelians argue that something like the traditional cardinal virtues, practical wisdom, temperance, justice and courage, are qualities that perfect human reason and desire.
