Download or read book International Standardization and the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade written by Andrea Barrios Villarreal and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-04 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines the international standardization system generally, with a specific focus on some of the bodies within this system. It also questions the lack of definition regarding several features related to the system, notably an international standardizing body and international standards in the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.

Download or read book Technology Standards New Technical Barriers to Trade written by Christopher S. Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when the high-tech industry has increasingly demanded harmonized standards, China has signaled its intention to follow a different direction. China's recent actions seeking to set its own unique standards instead of adopting international standards shifts focus to the impact on international trade and the corresponding legal framework defining responsibilities for State members of the World Trade Organization. While trade barriers of the past - high tariffs and quotas imposed on imports - have been greatly reduced, less obvious impediments normally referred to as non-tariff barriers (NTBs) have in many cases replaced them. One area ripe for the incursion of NTBs concerns technology standards. The WTO's Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade recognizes the important contribution that international standards can make by improving efficiency of production and facilitating the conduct of international trade, but also cautions that standards should not be used to create NTBs. China's WAPI standard provides a test-case for ICT standards and their relationship to the international trade regime. It serves to illustrate standards' dual nature as trade facilitators and indispensable elements of the ICT industry, on the one hand, and as potential measures of protectionism when applied inappropriately, on the other hand. As China's economic power grows and it becomes more adept at playing the standards game, it may find new means for pressing its own concerns in relation to international standards and trade-related issues.

Download or read book China Europe and the Use of Standards as Trade Barriers written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Global Assessment of Standards Barriers to Trade in the Information Technology Industry Staff Research Study 23 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book TBT Agreement Activities of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 1995 written by JoAnne R. Overman and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Uruguay Round s Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade written by William A. Long and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Standards Certification Type Approval Technical Barriers to Trade written by and published by Information Gatekeepers Inc. This book was released on with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Global Assessment of Standards Barriers to Trade in the Information Technology Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Research Handbook on the WTO and Technical Barriers to Trade written by Tracey Epps and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-11-29 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bookês comprehensive and accessible approach makes it a first point of reference for all trade law practitioners, policymakers and regulators. For scholars and students, the Handbook will prove essential reading for a deeper understanding of trade

Download or read book Breaking Down Barriers to Technology Transfer written by Christopher S. Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter focuses on a subject that might be considered as somewhat specialized or even 'arcane' in the technology transfer debate, but one which I will argue is really quite central to facilitating technology transfer to developing and least developing countries: my topic is technology standard-setting. I have included two concrete proposals. Much has been written about intellectual property ('IP') and its relevance to technology transfer. In the international context, there has been extended debate about the impact of intellectual property rights on economic development, trade, and technology transfer. However, the standard-setting process is also integrally related to technology transfer, and this carries important implications for developing and "least developed" countries. Currently, these countries are largely marginalized or excluded from important standard-setting processes. Without 'access' or the knowledge and understanding to productively participate in these standards processes, developing and least developed countries are caught in a difficult and negative cycle, in which their exclusion breeds lack of innovation and continuing technological backwardness. In this chapter I approach this problem on two levels. First, I propose changes within the WTO system, in particular, focusing on the rules associated with the WTO's Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade ('TBT Agreement'), to facilitate fairness in the international standard-setting where intellectual property rights are involved, and thereby benefiting developing and least developed countries. Second, I also propose a new mechanism to facilitate increased understanding of and participation in the standard-setting process by developing and least developed countries.

Download or read book Technical Regulations and Trade New Developments and the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum written by John Sullivan Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Guide to Technology Services written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantifying the Impact of Technical Barriers to Trade written by Keith Eugene Maskus and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of the increasingly contentious debates over national regulations of safety and health in the international trade system

Download or read book International Technical Standards and Essential Patents written by Branislav Hazucha and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of international technical standards and conformity assessment systems are conventionally deemed as facilitating international trade and improving efficiency of production worldwide. However, many national, regional as well as international technical standards often incorporate proprietary technologies which then become essential for their implementation. To dismantle non-tariff barriers to the international trade, the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement) requires the WTO members to use international standards as a basis for their national technical regulations and standards. The duty also applies to the international standards which incorporate proprietary technologies. As international standards for high technologies heavily rely on proprietary technologies controlled mainly by companies established in developed countries, the duty under the TBT Agreement regularly brings clashes between developed countries and newly industrialized countries. Although it is generally recognized that it is important to protect the results of research and development (R&D) by the intellectual property rights, many newly industrialized countries deem the duty to use such international standards under the WTO regime as unfair. The perception of unfairness is even magnified, when their companies have to pay considerable amounts of royalties to the foreign holders of essential patents under international standards. This Article scrutinizes experiences with the national and international technical standards for several generations of mobile telephony in Europe, Far East Asia and the United States with the focus on the recent internationalization of standard-setting process in this field, geographical distribution of essential patents under individual standards, and the development of intellectual property rights policies applicable to standard-setting processes for mobile telephony on the national, regional and international levels. The Article points out that the outcome of international standardization should not be an adoption of any single international standard. Conversely, the TBT Agreement should create an environment where several technical solutions can compete on the global market. The competition between several technologies is one of precondition for guaranteeing the further technological progress in a sustainable way. Presented at the SIEL 2010 Conference in Barcelona.

Download or read book Law and Practice of the Common Commercial Policy written by Michael Hahn and published by Studies in Eu External Relatio. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Présentation de l'éditeur : "Law and Practice of the Common Commercial Policy provides a critical analysis of the European Union (EU)'s trade law and policy since the Treaty of Lisbon. In particular, it analyses the salient changes brought by the Treaty of Lisbon to the Common Commercial Policy (CCP), focussing on the relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (ECJ), EU free trade agreements, investment protection, trade defence, institutional developments and the nexus between the CCP and other EU policies. The volume brings together a group of distinguished authors, including former and current members of the ECJ, practitioners, officials from EU institutions and Member States and leading scholars in the area of EU trade and external relations law."

Download or read book Economic Policy and Technological Performance written by Partha Dasgupta and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-11-10 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide ranging contribution to the debate about the impact of technological change on economic and social welfare.

Download or read book Standards Conformity Assessment and Trade written by International Standards, Conformity Assessment, and U.S. Trade Policy Project Committee and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-03-29 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mandated standards used for vehicle airbags, International Organization for Standards (ISO) standards adopted for photographic film, de facto standards for computer software--however they arise, standards play a fundamental role in the global marketplace. Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade provides a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of the link between standards, product testing and certification, and U.S. economic performance. The book includes recommendations for streamlining standards development, increasing the efficiency of product testing and certification, and promoting the success of U.S. exports in world markets. The volume offers a critical examination of organizations involved in standards and identifies the urgent improvements needed in the U.S. system for conformity assessment, in which adherence to standards is assessed and certified. Among other key issues, the book explores the role of government regulation, laboratory accreditation, and the overlapping of multiple quality standards in product development and manufacturing. In one of the first treatments of this subject, Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade offers a unique and highly valuable analysis of the impact of standards and conformity assessment on global trade.