Download or read book Technology Computers and Wages written by Chris N. Sakellariou and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing returns to schooling and rising inequality are well documented for industrial countries and for some developing countries. The growing demand for skills is associated with recent technological developments. The authors argue that computers in the workplace represent one manifestation of these changes. Research in the United States and industrial countries documents a premium for computer use. But there is recent evidence suggesting that computer skills by themselves do not command a wage premium. The authors review the literature and use data from a survey of higher education graduates in Vietnam. The results support the unobserved heterogeneity explanation for computer wage premiums. They suggest that computers may make the productive workers even more productive. However, given the scarcity of computers in low-income countries, an operational strategy of increasing computer availability and skills would seem to offer considerable hope for increasing the incomes of the poor.
Download or read book Technology Computers and Wages written by Chris Sakellariou and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing returns to schooling and rising inequality are well documented for industrial countries and for some developing countries. The growing demand for skills is associated with recent technological developments. Sakellariou and Patrinos argue that computers in the workplace represent one manifestation of these changes. Research in the United States and industrial countries documents a premium for computer use. But there is recent evidence suggesting that computer skills by themselves do not command a wage premium. The authors review the literature and use data from a survey of higher education graduates in Vietnam. The results support the unobserved heterogeneity explanation for computer wage premiums. They suggest that computers may make the productive workers even more productive. However, given the scarcity of computers in low-income countries, an operational strategy of increasing computer availability and skills would seem to offer considerable hope for increasing the incomes of the poor.This paper - a product of the Education Sector Unit, Latin America and the Caribbean Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to document the determinants of earnings.
Download or read book Understanding the Technology of Computer Technology Diffusion written by Lex Borghans and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wage Premiums for On the job Computer Use written by Lorin D. Kusmin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The New Division of Labor written by Frank Levy and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-26 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the current recession ends, many workers will not be returning to the jobs they once held--those jobs are gone. In The New Division of Labor, Frank Levy and Richard Murnane show how computers are changing the employment landscape and how the right kinds of education can ease the transition to the new job market. The book tells stories of people at work--a high-end financial advisor, a customer service representative, a pair of successful chefs, a cardiologist, an automotive mechanic, the author Victor Hugo, floor traders in a London financial exchange. The authors merge these stories with insights from cognitive science, computer science, and economics to show how computers are enhancing productivity in many jobs even as they eliminate other jobs--both directly and by sending work offshore. At greatest risk are jobs that can be expressed in programmable rules--blue collar, clerical, and similar work that requires moderate skills and used to pay middle-class wages. The loss of these jobs leaves a growing division between those who can and cannot earn a good living in the computerized economy. Left unchecked, the division threatens the nation's democratic institutions. The nation's challenge is to recognize this division and to prepare the population for the high-wage/high-skilled jobs that are rapidly growing in number--jobs involving extensive problem solving and interpersonal communication. Using detailed examples--a second grade classroom, an IBM managerial training program, Cisco Networking Academies--the authors describe how these skills can be taught and how our adjustment to the computerized workplace can begin in earnest.
Download or read book Implications of Information Technology for Employment Skills and Wages written by Michael J. Handel and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Making Computers Pay written by John Graham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-26 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1976, this book discusses the management skills needed to evaluate, implement and control computer-based operation. Every chapter contains detailed check lists which guide the reader to formulate policies to deal with real situations. It provides a practical look at an indispensable tool of management, with a set of guidelines to help get the most out of the available technology.
Download or read book Technological Change and Wages written by Ann Bartel and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous research has found evidence that wages in industries characterized as high tech, ' or subject to higher rates of technological change, are higher. In addition, there is evidence that skill-biased technological change is responsible for the dramatic increase in the earnings of more educated workers relative to less educated workers that took place during the 1980s. In this paper, we match a variety of industry level measures of technological change to a panel of young workers observed between 1979 and 1993 (NLSY) and examine the role played by unobserved heterogeneity in explaining the positive relationships between technological change and wages, and between technological change and the education premium. We find evidence that the wage premium associated with technological change is primarily due to the sorting of better workers into those industries. In addition, the education premium associated with technological change is found to be the result of an increase in demand for the innate ability or other observable characteristics of more educated workers.
Download or read book The Diffusion of Computers and the Distribution of Wages written by Alexander Hubertus Borghans and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computers and the Wage Structure written by Michael Handel and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading explanation for the rapid growth in U.S. wage inequality in the last twenty years, consistent with both human capital and postindustrial theories, is that advanced technology has increased job skill requirements and reduced the demand for less-skilled workers. Krueger's study (1993) showing a wage premium associated with using computers at work is one of the few that seems to provide direct supportive evidence. In this paper I use previously unexamined data to suggest that measured returns to computer use are upwardly biased. In addition, I find that most of the growth of inequality since 1979 occurred in the early 1980s, which is inconsistent with a primary role for computers. Finally, computer use at work had equalizing impacts on the gender wage gap and elsewhere in the wage distribution, as well as disequalizing impacts on the wage gaps between education groups. When the contribution of computer use to all components of the variance of wages is taken into account, computers seem to have had a net equalizing impact in the period Krueger studied. This casts significant doubt on this technology-based explanation of the growth in wage inequality.
Download or read book Relational Inequalities written by Donald Tomaskovic-Devey and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-01-11 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organizations are the dominant social invention for generating resources and distributing them. Relational Inequalities develops a general sociological and organizational analysis of inequality, exploring the processes that generate inequalities in access to respect, resources, and rewards. Framing their analysis through a relational account of social and economic life, Donald Tomaskovic-Devey and Dustin Avent-Holt explain how resources are generated and distributed both within and between organizations. They show that inequalities are produced through generic processes that occur in all social relationships: categorization and their resulting status hierarchies, organizational resource pooling, exploitation, social closure, and claims-making. Drawing on a wide range of case studies, Tomaskovic-Devey and Avent-Holt focus on the workplace as the primary organization for generating inequality and provide a series of global goals to advance both a comparative organizational research model and to challenge troubling inequalities.
Download or read book Do Computers Pay Off written by Peter Weill and published by International Center for Information. This book was released on 1990 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Information Technology Jobs in America 2007 written by Info Tech Employment and published by Info Tech Employment. This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The information technology industry continues to grow in the U.S. and globally. Information Technology Jobs in America [2007]: Corporate & Government Career Guide shows where the jobs are, in the U.S. IT Services Sector and in U.S. Federal, State and Municipal government agencies and departments. Section I . Good News - Companies Keep Hiring as Demand Grows. Why 'Outsourcing' May Lose Its Power as a Scare Word. Shifting Occupations in the Industry. More Managing - Less Programming. Tech Jobs with Government Are Lively, Stable, Secure, and Well-Paid. Salaries show a Higher Paid Class of Employees. Experience Is an Acceptable Substitute for Education. Core Skills Include Business-Process Understanding. Section II explains how to make contact with this special sector for hiring, and how to build a career in the IT services sector. Section III explains Technology in Government, public unionism for emerging technology jobs, and the desirable salaries for these emerging technology titles. The authors describe the technological developments that make technology in government possible. They define the modified processes that now call for staff in Relational Databases, Web Portal Development, Infrastructure Development and Maintenance, Network Computing, Data Security, e-Government, and e-Commerce. Section IV, "What Jobs Are Available in Federal, State and City Government," brings to the forefront the thousands of information technology jobs that exist in all 101 Federal agencies, and in 50 U.S. States and most Municipal government agencies. Detailed Tables show current IT Job Titles for Federal and State and City information technology jobs, Salaries, 5-year Salary Projections, and EstimatedPensions. Financial facts explain why, in today's global economy, an IT career in government is a desirable choice. Section V provides a Step-by-Step guide to "Completing the Application & Hiring Process" for an information technology job in both the Federal and State and City government personnel hiring systems. It explains why a Civil Service Exam is not required in most cases; why experience is an acceptable substitute for education in most government jobs, how to fill out an Experience and Education paper or Knowledge-Skills and Abilities Statement, and Factors for Job Class Salary Ranking and Candidate Ranking. Appendices include Sample Federal IT Job Announcements, and State & City IT Job Descriptions with Qualifications Required, and Required Application Forms. Section VI provides Analytical Articles on Todays Tech Jobs: C++ Computer . Java and JavaScript . Visual Basic . Sun Solaris, Unix, Linux, Network Tech Jobs . Oracle, SQL, FoxPro, Sybase, Database Management . Software Programmer; Software Engineer . Network Programmer, Network Systems . Telecommunications . Web Developer . IT Procurement, IT Training, Project Management and more. The nature of tech work is changing. Information Technology Jobs in America provides a lively read for American employers and employees. With current data, the authors show where the jobs are in Corporate America and in American Federal, State, and Municipal government agencies and departments. Today's information technology hiring practices and opportunities open the field. Salaries show a higher paid class of employees.
Download or read book The Work of the Future written by David H. Autor and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why the United States lags behind other industrialized countries in sharing the benefits of innovation with workers and how we can remedy the problem. The United States has too many low-quality, low-wage jobs. Every country has its share, but those in the United States are especially poorly paid and often without benefits. Meanwhile, overall productivity increases steadily and new technology has transformed large parts of the economy, enhancing the skills and paychecks of higher paid knowledge workers. What’s wrong with this picture? Why have so many workers benefited so little from decades of growth? The Work of the Future shows that technology is neither the problem nor the solution. We can build better jobs if we create institutions that leverage technological innovation and also support workers though long cycles of technological transformation. Building on findings from the multiyear MIT Task Force on the Work of the Future, the book argues that we must foster institutional innovations that complement technological change. Skills programs that emphasize work-based and hybrid learning (in person and online), for example, empower workers to become and remain productive in a continuously evolving workplace. Industries fueled by new technology that augments workers can supply good jobs, and federal investment in R&D can help make these industries worker-friendly. We must act to ensure that the labor market of the future offers benefits, opportunity, and a measure of economic security to all.
Download or read book Technology Growth and the Labor Market written by Donna K. Ginther and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology, Growth, and the Labor Market brings together research by economists from academia and the Federal Reserve System. The first section of the volume includes discussions by monetary policymakers with firsthand experience in determining how technology affects productivity, inequality, and macroeconomic growth. Papers in the second section discuss the sources of the surge in labor productivity growth during the latter half of the 1990s and present forecasts of labor productivity growth rates during the next few years. In the third section, the papers focus on the role of technological advances in changes in earnings inequality in the labor market. The authors examine whether inequality should be viewed as a causal result of skill-biased technological change or whether there is a missing link - or perhaps no link - between changes in technology and changes in wage inequality. The final section explores the relationships between computer investment, worker skills, human resource practices, and productivity at the industry and firm levels.
Download or read book Asian Development Outlook 2018 written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2018-04-01 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The annual Asian Development Outlook analyzes economic performance in the past year and offers forecasts for the next 2 years for the 45 economies in Asia and the Pacific that make up developing Asia. Growth prospects in the region are upbeat, buoyed by favorable demand at home and abroad. A strong performance in 2017 reflected a surge in exports, which will likely abate this year and next, and rapidly expanding domestic demand. While the outlook is for steady growth, risks to it are decidedly on the downside: Trade friction could weaken recently deepened trade links, tightening US monetary policy could diminish investment in developing Asia, and rising domestic private debt may hamper growth. New technologies drive higher productivity, the foundation for economic growth, better-paid jobs, and poverty reduction. The latest technologies in robotics and artificial intelligence may threaten some jobs, however, and leave less-skilled workers behind. To maximize gains in productivity while safeguarding social welfare, governments in developing Asia should protect workers but not preserve particular jobs. Meanwhile, they should facilitate the countervailing forces in new technologies that generate new jobs. Dealing with the downsides of new technology requires synchronized effort on skills development, labor regulation, social protection, and income redistribution.
Download or read book Productivity Measurement and the Impact of Trade and Technology on Wages written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop an empirical framework to assess the importance of trade and technical change on the wages of production and nonproduction workers. Trade is measured by the foreign outsourcing of intermediate inputs, while technical change is measured by the shift towards high-technology capital such as computers. In our benchmark specification, we find that both foreign outsourcing and expenditures on high-technology equipment can explain a substantial amount of the increase in the wages of nonproduction (high-skilled) relative to production (low-skilled) workers that occurred during the 1980s. Surprisingly, it is expenditures on high-technology capital other than computers that are most important. These results are very sensitive, however, to our benchmark assumption that industry prices are independent of productivity. When we allow for the endogeneity of industry prices, then expenditures on computers becomes the most important cause of the increased wage inequality, and have a 50% greater impact than does foreign outsourcing.
