Download or read book Techno Economic Optimization and Environmental Impact Analysis for a Mixed Mode Upstream and Midstream Forest Biomass to Bio Products Supply Chain written by Amin Mirkouei and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing awareness and concern within society over the use of and reliance on fossil fuels has stimulated research efforts in identifying, developing, and selecting alternative energy sources and energy technologies. Bioenergy represents a promising replacement for conventional energy, due to reduced environmental impacts and broad applicability. Sustainable energy challenges, however, require innovative manufacturing technologies and practices to mitigate energy and material consumption. This research aims to facilitate sustainable production of bioenergy from forest biomass and to promote deployment of novel processing equipment such as transportable biorefineries. The study integrates knowledge from the renewable energy production and supply chain management disciplines to evaluate economic and environmental targets of bioenergy production with the use of the multi-criteria decision making approach. The presented approach herein includes qualitative and quantitative methods to address the existing challenges and gaps in the bioenergy manufacturing system. The qualitative method employs decision tree analysis to classify the potential biomass harvesting sites, considering biomass quality and availability. The quantitative method proposes mathematical models to optimize the upstream and midstream biomass-tobioenergy supply chain cost, using mixed bio-refinery modes (transportable and fixed) and transportation pathways (traditional and new). The supply chain environmental impacts are assessed by considering the carbon footprint of the harvesting, collection, size reduction, transportation activities, and bio-refinery processing. While transportable bio-refineries are shown to reduce biomass-to-bioenergy supply chain costs, production and deployment of transportable bio-refineries are limited due to operational challenges associated with undeveloped mixed-mode bioenergy supply chains, as well as supply uncertainty. A case study for northwest Oregon, USA is undertaken using actual data to verify the proposed approach.

Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Traditional and Innovative Forest based Bioproducts written by Andreja Kutnar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-21 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive description of traditional and innovative forest-based bioproducts, from pulp and paper, wood-based composites and wood fuels to chemicals and fiber-based composites. The descriptions of different types of forest-based bioproducts are supplemented by the environmental impacts involved in their processing, use, and end-of-life phase. Further, the possibility of reusing, recycling and upgrading bioproducts at the end of their projected life cycle is discussed. As the intensity of demand for forest biomass is currently changing, forest-based industries need to respond with innovative products, business models, marketing and management. As such, the book concludes with a chapter on the bioproducts business and these products’ role in bioeconomies.

Download or read book Economic Optimization of Forest Biomass Processing and Transport written by René Arturo Zamora Cristales and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An economic analysis and optimization of forest biomass processing and transportation at the operational level is presented. Renewable sources of energy have captured the interest of public and private institutions to develop cost-effective supply chains to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The production of energy from forest harvest residues constitutes an opportunity to develop a supply chain for producing heat, electricity and liquid fuels from renewable materials. Special interest has been directed to the production of aviation fuel given the characteristics of the commercial aircraft technology that cannot use other renewable sources such as electricity, nuclear power or wind turbines. In economic terms, the production of energy from forest harvest residues at actual market prices requires efficient cost management and planning in order to compete with traditional fossil fuel supply chains. Efficient cost management requires an understanding of the operational stages in order to propose alternatives to improve the planning process, reduce costs, and increase the chance of success of this emerging supply chain. The main goal of this study is to improve cost-efficiency of an emerging energy supply chain from forest harvest residues. A general objective is the economic optimization of forest biomass processing and transportation at the operational level. We developed a model and frame-work to analyze the economics of forest biomass processing and transportation using mixed integer programming (MIP), simulation, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and forest operation analysis. We developed an economic costing model that accounts for the cost of machinery and truck waiting time. The study is primarily focused on difficult access steep-land regions although it can also be applied to areas with less restricted road access. A stochastic discrete-event simulation model was developed to estimate cost management strategies to improve economics of mobile chipping operations and analyze the effect of uncertainty in this type of operation. The model was successful in predicting productivity of actual forest biomass recovery operations. The model also allowed analyzing the economic effect of truck-machine interactions when using mobile equipment to process the forest residues With stationary processing equipment, the economic effect of truck-machine interactions on closely coupled operations was analyzed through a simulation model. It was demonstrated that truck-machine interactions affect machine utilization rates and, thus, the economics of the operation. Truck-machine interaction must be accounted for when analyzing forest recovery operations to avoid inaccurate cost estimation. Finally a mathematical solution procedure based on mixed integer programming, GIS and simulation was developed to support planning decisions in forest biomass recovery operations, including economic modeling of the effect of waiting times. The solution procedure was incorporated in the decision support system, Residue Evaluation and Network Optimization (RENO) developed in JAVA platform. The decision support system was demonstrated to be an accurate and effective tool to estimate the most cost effective processing machinery and transport configuration given road access, material physical properties, spatial location of the residue piles and accounting for truck-machine interactions. Additionally, an Ant Colony heuristic is included in the model to bring support to the MIP branch and bound solution method by providing an initial solution for objective function. The model is also flexible to user changes to allow the analyst to analyze the sensitivity of the results to main production variables.

Download or read book Integrated Forest Biorefineries written by Lew Christopher and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012-09-30 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference book describes how bioprocessing and biotechnology could enhance the value extracted from wood-based lignocellulosic fiber by employing both biochemical and thermochemical conversion processes. It documents recent accomplishments and suggests future prospects for research and development of integrated forest biorefineries (IFBR) as the path forward for the pulp, paper and other fiber-processing industries. This is the only book to cover this area of high economic, social, and environmental importance. It is aimed at industrialists and academics from diverse science and engineering backgrounds including chemical and biotechnology companies, governmental and professional bodies, and scholarly societies. The Editor and contributors are internationally recognized scientists and many are leaders in their respective fields. The book starts with an introductory overview of the current state of biorefining and a justification for future developments. The next four chapters deal with social, economic and environmental issues related to regulations, biomass production and supply, process modelling, and life cycle analysis. Subsequent chapters focus on the extraction of biochemicals from biomass and their potential utilization to add value to the IFBR prior to pulping. The book then presents, compares and evaluates two types of forest biorefineries based on kraft and organosolv pulping. Finally, the book assess the potential of waste biomass and streams, such paper mill sludge and black liquor, to serve as feedstock for biofuel production and value-added biomaterials through both the biochemical and thermochemical routes of biomass bioprocessing. The economics of the described IFBR processes and products, and their environmental impact, is a major focus in most of the chapters. Practical examples are presented where relevant and applicable.

Download or read book Modeling and Optimization of Biomass Supply Chains written by Calliope Panoutsou and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-11 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling and Optimization of Biomass Supply Chains: Top Down and Bottom Up Assessment for Agricultural, Forest and Waste Feedstock provides scientific evidence for assessing biomass supply and logistics, placing emphasis on methods, modeling capacities, large data collection, processing and storage. The information presented builds on recent relevant research work from the Biomass Futures, Biomass Policies and S2Biom projects. In addition to technical issues, the book covers the economic, social and environmental aspects with direct implications on biomass availability. Its chapters offer an overview of methodologies for assessing and modeling supply, biomass quality and requirements for different conversion processes, logistics and demand for biobased sectors. Case studies from the projects that inspire the book present practical examples of the implementation of these methodologies. The authors also compare methodologies for different regions, including Europe and the U.S. Biomass feedstock-specific chapters address the relevant elements for forest, agriculture, biowastes, post-consumer wood and non-food crops. Engineers in the bioenergy sector, as well as researchers and graduate students will find this book to be a very useful resource when working on optimization and modeling of biomass supply chains. For energy policymakers, analysts and consultants, the book provides consistent and technically sound projections for policy and market development decisions. Provides consistent ratios and indicators for assessing biomass supply and its logistical component Explores assumptions behind the assessment of different types of biomass, including key technical and non-technical factors Presents the existing modeling platforms, their input requirements and possible output projections

Download or read book Mobilisation of Forest Bioenergy in the Boreal and Temperate Biomes written by Evelyne Thiffault and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-19 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobilisation of Forest Bioenergy in the Boreal and Temperate Biomes: Challenges, Opportunities, and Case Studies features input from key international experts who identify and analyze the main opportunities and roadblocks for the implementation of sustainable forest biomass supply chains in the boreal and temperate regions. It draws from responses to surveys that were sent to specialists from different countries, compares models of bioenergy deployment, and discusses different types of bioenergy carriers. Efficiency and profitability of the supply chain are analyzed and the scale and level of confidence of feedstock inventory estimates are highlighted. Logistics and ecological and socio-economic footprints are also covered. This book provides a synthesis of the scientific and technical literature on specific aspects of forest biomass supply chains, and quantifies future potentials in comparison to estimates provided by other sources and the targets for bioenergy production set by various organizations (IEA, IPCC, etc.). Finally, the book proposes recommendations for practitioners, policymakers, and future research. This approach makes the book especially relevant for professionals, policymakers, researchers, and graduate students in the field of bioenergy conversion and management, as well as those interested in sustainable management of natural resources. Presents foundational theory, examples and lessons learned, drawing on scientific and technical literature, as well as surveys conducted among stakeholders from various countries of the boreal and temperate biomes Provides best practices, insights, and recommendations through an integrative framework that encompasses various aspects of forest biomass supply chain, at different scales, and looking at a broad geographical and geopolitical range Compares contrasting history, policy context, and level of forest bioenergy development in several countries through several case studies Analyzes the efficiency and profitability of the supply chain, highlighting the scale and level of confidence of feedstock inventory estimates

Download or read book Forest products in the global bioeconomy written by Verkerk, P.J., Hassegawa, M., Van Brusselen, J., Cramm, M., Chen, X., Imparato Maximo, Y., Koç, M., Lovri?, M., Tekle Tegegne, Y. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-11-08 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report addresses the role of forest products in replacing fossil-based and GHG-intensive products. The overarching objective is to provide recommendations to strengthen the contribution of substitution by forest products to sustainable development. To that end, this report firstly provides an overview of the understanding of the bioeconomy and the role of forest products across the world. Secondly, we present examples of conventional and innovative forest products and describe their role in the bioeconomy. Thirdly, we present a review of the quantitative and qualitative understanding of the environmental impacts and benefits of substituting fossil fuel-based or -intensive products with forest-based products, and of the contribution of substitution to SDGs. Fourthly, we outline the current understanding of the future global demand and supply dynamics of forest products and the potential impact that increased substitution may have on these dynamics. Fifthly, we identify gaps in the global forest product value chain. Finally, it provides recommendations and conclusions, respectively.

Download or read book Techno economic Performance Analysis and Environmental Impact Assessment of Energy Production from Biomass at Different Scales written by Chandi Patel and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Techno economic Analysis of Solid Biofuels and Bioproducts Production from Forest Residues Using Portable Production written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Supply Chain Sustainability Analysis of Renewable Hydrocarbon Fuels via Hydrothermal Liquefaction Combined Algal Processing and Biochemical Conversion Update of the 2022 State of Technology Cases written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Energy's (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) aims to develop and deploy technologies to transform renewable biomass resources into commercially viable, high-performance biofuels, bioproducts, and biopower through public and private partnerships. BETO and its national laboratory teams conduct in-depth techno-economic assessments (TEA) of biomass feedstock supply and logistics and conversion technologies to produce biofuels. There are two general types of TEAs: A design case outlines a target case (future projection) for a particular biofuel pathway. It informs R&D priorities by identifying areas in need of improvement, tracks sustainability impact of R&D, and provides goals and benchmarks against which technology progress is assessed. A state of technology (SOT) analysis assesses progress within and across relevant technology areas based on actual results at current experimental scales relative to technical targets and cost goals from design cases, and includes technical, economic, and environmental criteria as available. In addition to developing a TEA for a pathway of interest, BETO also performs a supply chain sustainability analysis (SCSA). The SCSA takes the life-cycle analysis approach that BETO has been supporting for over 20 years. It enables BETO to identify energy consumption, environmental, and sustainability issues that may be associated with biofuel production. Approaches to mitigating these issues can then be developed. Additionally, the SCSA allows for comparison of energy and environmental impacts across biofuel pathways in BETO's research and development portfolio. This technical report describes the SCSAs for the production of renewable hydrocarbon transportation fuels via a range of conversion technologies in the 2022 SOTs: (1) renewable hydrocarbon fuels via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of wet sludge from a wastewater treatment plant; (2) renewable hydrocarbon fuels via biochemical conversion of herbaceous lignocellulosic biomass; (3) renewable hydrocarbon fuels via HTL of an algae/woody biomass blend; and (4) renewable hydrocarbon fuels via combined algae processing (CAP).

Download or read book Techno economic Performance Analysis and Environmental Impact Assessment of Energy Production from Biomass at Different Scales written by C. Patel and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Techno Economic Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment for Guiding Bioenergy Pathway Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI) is a bioenergy research center recently launched by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science's Biological and Environmental Research program. CBI's objective is to enable innovations across the bioenergy supply chain through development of poplar and switchgrass phenotypes, microorganisms for consolidated bio-processing (CBP), in which biomass fermentation and conversion is accomplished in a single unit operation, and lignin valorization processes. In addition to basic science, CBI's activities involve the application of techno-economic analysis (TEA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) to the bioenergy pathways under study. TEA and LCA is used to quantify the impacts that research and development breakthroughs have on the economic viability and sustainability of a bioenergy pathway, and to identify drivers for reducing costs and improving sustainability through targeted research efforts. Combining TEA and LCA allows for understanding the economic and sustainability benefits and trade-offs of these integrated bioenergy systems. The focus of this presentation is a parameterized, integrated TEA-LCA model, which will be discussed along with an application to bioenergy pathways currently under study. The model combines data and information developed by CBI researchers into a superstructure of potential bioenergy pathways and their life cycles. Model parameters include feedstock species and phenotype, farming, harvesting, storage and transportation practices, and the microbes used for biomass conversion and lignin valorization, among others. The parameterized TEA-LCA model allows for the rapid quantification of pathway economic and sustainability metrics such as minimum fuel selling price, payback period, fossil fuel consumption and net greenhouse gas emissions. To demonstrate the model, economic and sustainability metrics for a bioenergy pathway utilizing CBP will be quantified and compared to the same metrics for a conventional bioenergy pathway. Results of the comparison will be used to identify and prioritize high-impact research areas within the CBP pathway. fermentation and conversion is accomplished in a single unit operation, and lignin valorization processes. In addition to basic science, CBI's activities involve the application of techno-economic analysis (TEA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) to the bioenergy pathways under study. TEA and LCA is used to quantify the impacts that research and development breakthroughs have on the economic viability and sustainability of a bioenergy pathway, and to identify drivers for reducing costs and improving sustainability through targeted research efforts. Combining TEA and LCA allows for understanding the economic and sustainability benefits and trade-offs of these integrated bioenergy systems. The focus of this presentation is a parameterized, integrated TEA-LCA model, which will be discussed along with an application to bioenergy pathways currently under study. The model combines data and information developed by CBI researchers into a superstructure of potential bioenergy pathways and their life cycles. Model parameters include feedstock species and phenotype, farming, harvesting, storage and transportation practices, and the microbes used for biomass conversion and lignin valorization, among others. The parameterized TEA-LCA model allows for the rapid quantification of pathway economic and sustainability metrics such as minimum fuel selling price, payback period, fossil fuel consumption and net greenhouse gas emissions. To demonstrate the model, economic and sustainability metrics for a bioenergy pathway utilizing CBP will be quantified and compared to the same metrics for a conventional bioenergy pathway. Results of the comparison will be used to identify and prioritize high-impact research areas within the CBP pathway.

Download or read book Assessment of supply chain sustainability of bio composite materials written by Francesco Castellani and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2018-07-16 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial processes are currently based on considerable consumption of fossil resources. Bringing down the level of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere when extracting and processing these kind of resources has been main driver for the development of fossil resources substitutes and for the adoption of strategies to promote their efficient use. To increase business competitiveness, to optimize the supply chain, and to increment product quality, decision-makers of the horticulture segment face the problem to choose between fossil-based resources and their substitutes. This dissertation presents an Operations Research model, developed for decision-making support in horticulture. The model determines optimal mixture of growth substrate (composed by peat and olive-mill waste compost) and optimal material of planter container (made of petroleum-based plastic or biodegradable, biopolymer), such that additional costs when substituting and environmental impacts of a potted plant are simultaneously minimized. The optimization model is applied to a case study in Italy. Here, greenhouse gases emitted by organic compounds are detected with experimental trials, the agronomic quality of potted plants is investigated, Life Cycle Assessment is performed, and decision-relevant costs are examined. The bi-objective problem is addressed using Pareto optimization. Finally, a scenario analysis investigates the variation of the outcomes by using different input parameters, in order to give a broader image of optimal solutions. Industrielle Produktionssysteme basieren derzeit auf einem erheblichen Verbrauch fossiler Ressourcen. Die Reduzierung der Treibhausgasemissionen, die bei der Gewinnung und Verarbeitung dieser Ressourcen in die Atmosphäre gelangen, ist ein Haupttreiber für die Entwicklung von Substituten für fossile Rohstoffe und für die Umsetzung von Strategien, die die effiziente Nutzung dieser Substitute vorantreiben. Um die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Unternehmen zu stärken, die Lieferkette zu optimieren und die Produktqualität zu steigern, stehen Entscheider in der Gartenbaubranche vor der Problematik, zwischen fossilen Ressourcen und ihren Substituten zu wählen. In dieser Dissertation wird ein Modell des Operations Research zur Entscheidungsunterstützung für Unternehmen in der Gartenbaubranche entwickelt. Das Modell bestimmt die optimale Mischung von Wachstumssubstrat (welches sich aus Torf und Kompost aus Abfällen einer Olivenmühle zusammensetzt) und optimalem Material für den Topf (Kunststoff auf Erdölbasis oder aus biologisch abbaubarem Biopolymer), so dass die entscheidungsrelevanten Kosten und Emissionen einer Topfpflanze gleichzeitig minimiert werden. Das Optimierungsmodell wird auf eine Fallstudie in Italien angewendet. Dabei werden Treibhausgasemissionen von Kompost mithilfe von Experimenten erfasst, die agronomische Qualität von Topfpflanzen untersucht, eine Ökobilanzierung durchgeführt und entscheidungsrelevante Kosten untersucht. Für das bikriterielle Problem werden Pareto-optimale Lösungen gefunden. Schließlich wird die Reaktion der Ergebnisse auf die Verwendung verschiedener Eingabeparameter mithilfe einer Szenarioanalyse untersucht, um ein breiteres Bild der optimalen Lösungen zu erhalten.

Download or read book Optimization Approaches for the Economic and Environmental Analysis of Biomass Biofuel and Food Production written by Halil I. Cobuloglu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation examines optimization approaches to biomass and food production (BFP) at the farm level. The goal of this study is to analyze the environmental and economic effects of utilizing different crop types under various management scenarios. In this study, first we provide a unique optimization approach of quantifying and formulating the economic and environmental benefits of switchgrass production at the farm level. In particular, we propose a multi-objective mixed-integer programming (MIP) model that maximizes the revenue from harvested switchgrass biomass and the economic value obtained from positive environmental impacts of switchgrass yield during the planning horizon. Second, we investigate the economic and environmental tradeoffs between biofuel and food production from switchgrass and corn. This model maximizes the total profit of farmers while ensuring a sustainable food supply. Then, we develop a stochastic multi-criteria decision-making tool for decision makers (DMs) and farmers to select the most sustainable crop type in biomass production. In this method, literature and expert opinions are utilized in order to build up the evaluation criteria with respect to economic, environmental, and social aspects. Finally, we expand the optimization of food and biomass production with a stochastic modelling approach. We perform a decomposition algorithm in order to increase solution speed and solution quality of the stochastic model. The developed mathematical models provide optimal decisions regarding land allocation to food and energy crops; time, amount, and location of seeding, harvesting, and transportation; and budget allocations to farm operations. We apply the proposed methods to various cases in order to evaluate BFP in Kansas.

Download or read book Bioenergy from Wood written by Thomas Seifert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written for scientists and practitioners interested in deepening their knowledge of the sustainable production of bioenergy from wood in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Utilising the value chain concept, this book outlines the necessary aspects for managing sustainable bioenergy production. A wide range of topics is covered including biomass localization, modelling and upscaling, production management in woodlands and plantations, and transport and logistics. Biomass quality and conversion pathways are examined in order to match the conversion technology with the available biomass. A section is dedicated to issues surrounding sustainability. The issues, covered in a life-cycle assessment of the bioenergy system, include socio-economic challenges, local effects on water, biodiversity, nutrient-sustainability and global impacts. Through this holistic approach and supporting examples from tropical and sub-tropical countries, the reader is guided in designing and implementing a value chain as the main management instrument for sustainable wood.

Download or read book Potential Environmental Impacts of Bioenergy Crop Production written by United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment and published by Congress. This book was released on 1993 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forest Based Biomass Energy written by Frank Spellman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-07 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is forest-based biomass energy and why should we care? Written by environmental expert Frank Spellman, Forest-Based Biomass Energy: Concepts and Applications details how forest biomass can be converted to energy and energy products, including direct combustion, pellets, gasification, and co-firing. It explores the possibilities of forest-based