Download or read book Technical Information Pertaining to Special Features of the Underground Explosion Test Program written by United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Sacramento District and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Underground Explosion Test Program Technical Report No 5 written by Engineering Research Associates and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shallow Underground Tunnel Chamber Explosion Test Program Summary Report written by Charles E. Joachim and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Shallow Underground Tunnel/Chamber Explosion Test Program was a large-scale test simulating an accidental explosion in a shallow underground magazine. The purpose of the test was to record the nature and extent of hazardous effects produced by the explosion. The program was divided into four study areas; tunnel/chamber pressure, external airblast, external ground motion, and ejecta/debris. The tunnel/chamber pressure measurements provided data on the internal explosion environment and the exit pressure at the access tunnel portal. The external airblast measurements established the airblast hazard ranges from the tunnel portal. Ground motion and artificial debris measurements furnished data on hazard ranges for ejecta produced by rupture of the chamber overburden, and for debris blown from the tunnel portal. An analysis of the data was presented comparing the results to current hazard range criteria specified in the DOD and NATO manuals for ammunition and explosives safety. Keywords: Ammunition storage, Explosives safety, Explosives storage, Underground magazines.
Download or read book Nuclear Weapons written by Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) and published by . This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three authoritative reports provide unique information about nuclear weapons testing and the verification of nuclear nonproliferation treaties: (1) The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions, (2) Seismic Verification of Nuclear Testing Treaties, (3) Environmental Monitoring for Nuclear Safeguards. The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions - At a time of continued underground nuclear bomb tests, an assessment of the safety of the process led to this report. This special report reviews the safety of the nuclear testing program and assesses the technical procedures used to test nuclear weapons and ensure that radioactive material produced by test explosions remains contained underground. An overall evaluation considers the acceptability of the remaining risk and discusses reasons for the lack of public confidence. Seismic Verification of Nuclear Testing Treaties - Like an earthquake, the force of an underground nuclear explosion creates seismic waves that travel through the Earth. A satisfactory seismic network to monitor such tests must be able to both detect and identify seismic signals in the presence of "noise," for example, from natural earthquakes. In the case of monitoring a treaty that limits testing below a certain size explosion, the seismic network must also be able to estimate the size with acceptable accuracy. All of this must be done with an assured capability to defeat adequately any credible attempt to evade or spoof the monitoring network. This report addresses the issues of detection, identification, yield estimation, and evasion to arrive at answers to the two critical questions: Down to what size explosion can underground testing be seismically monitored with high confidence? How accurately can the yields of underground explosions be measured? Environmental Monitoring for Nuclear Safeguards - To assure that states are not violating their Non-Proliferation Treaty commitments, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) must also verify that states do not possess covert nuclear facilities-a mission that prior to the 1991 Gulf War, it had neither the political backing nor the resources to conduct. In the report, OTA concluded that providing the IAEA with the resources, the information, and the political support it needs to look for such sites may turn out to be the most important aspect of a reinvigorated safeguards regime. The IAEA recognizes the importance of this new mission and is in the process of assuming it. One of the tools it is exploring to provide some indication of the presence of secret, or undeclared, nuclear activities and facilities is environmental monitoring. Modern sampling and analysis technologies provide powerful tools to detect the presence of characteristic substances that are likely to be emitted by such illicit activities. This background paper examines the prospects for such technologies to improve nuclear safeguards. It concludes that environmental monitoring can greatly increase the ability to detect undeclared activity at declared, or known, sites, and it can significantly increase the chances of detecting and locating undeclared sites.
Download or read book Underground Explosion Test Program written by Engineering Research Associates and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Concept Review of an Underground High Explosive Test Program Supporting Comprehensive Test Ban Monitoring Research written by Gilbert W. Ullrich and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The detection and identification of underground nuclear tests, during a Comprehensive Test Ban (CTB), places new, and stringent, requirements on monitoring systems. In particular, because of the factor of about 70 reduction in apparent yield that can be achieved by cavity decoupling, seismic monitoring must extend to short period magnitudes in the range of 2.5 to 3.5. The apparent absence of mechanical effects data from suitable underground explosions in this magnitude range makes planning for CTB monitoring difficult. In this paper, we find that tamped high explosive charges, in the 40 to 320 ton yield range, may serve as surrogate sources for obtaining this mechanical data. Therefore, we recommend a high explosive test program to obtain mechanical data that would support research aimed at providing the capability to monitor a Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. (Author).
Download or read book Underground Explosion Test Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Underground Explosion Test Program written by Engineering Research Associates and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Instrumentation for Underground Explosion Test Program written by Engineering Research Associates and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Underground Explosion Test Program written by Engineering Research Associates and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Instrumentation for Underground Explosion Test Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-04-29 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews and updates the 2002 National Research Council report, Technical Issues Related to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). This report also assesses various topics, including: the plans to maintain the safety and reliability of the U.S. nuclear stockpile without nuclear-explosion testing; the U.S. capability to detect, locate, and identify nuclear explosions; commitments necessary to sustain the stockpile and the U.S. and international monitoring systems; and potential technical advances countries could achieve through evasive testing and unconstrained testing. Sustaining these technical capabilities will require action by the National Nuclear Security Administration, with the support of others, on a strong scientific and engineering base maintained through a continuing dynamic of experiments linked with analysis, a vigorous surveillance program, adequate ratio of performance margins to uncertainties. This report also emphasizes the use of modernized production facilities and a competent and capable workforce with a broad base of nuclear security expertise.
Download or read book UNDERGROUND EXPLOSION EFFECTS written by D. C. Sachs and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project 1.7 of Operation TEAPOT was concerned with the measurement of surface and subsurface effects of an underground explosion of a 1.2-kt nuclear burst (Shot 7). The measurements included free-field earth and airblast effects, as well as loading on underground structural devices. This report deals with the presentation and analysis of the free-field data only; the structural data have been transmitted to the appropriate agencies for their analysis. From the 76 channels installed on TEAPOT Shot 7, 75 usable records were obtained. The free-field quantities measured include air-blast pressure, earth acceleration, earth stress and strain, and permanent earth displacement. The results are discussed by phenomenon and, in each case, the TEAPOT data are compared with pretest predictions. Also, where data are available, comparisons are made with previous underground nuclear test results. Some aspects of seismology and soil mechanics as applied to underground explosion phenomena are presented and, finally, the most pertinent high explosives results from subsequent tests conducted at the TEAPOT location are summarized. (Author).
Download or read book Research Required to Support Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Monitoring written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-08-01 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On September 24, 1996, President Clinton signed the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty at the United Nations Headquarters. Over the next five months, 141 nations, including the four other nuclear weapon statesâ€"Russia, China, France, and the United Kingdomâ€"added their signatures to this total ban on nuclear explosions. To help achieve verification of compliance with its provisions, the treaty specifies an extensive International Monitoring System of seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasonic, and radionuclide sensors. This volume identifies specific research activities that will be needed if the United States is to effectively monitor compliance with the treaty provisions.
Download or read book Developments in Technical Capabilities for Detecting and Identifying Nuclear Weapons Tests written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book United States Nuclear Tests written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document lists chronologically and alphabetically by name all nuclear tests and simultaneous detonations conducted by the United States from July 1945 through September 1992. Two nuclear weapons that the United States exploded over Japan ending World War II are not listed. These detonations were not "tests" in the sense that they were conducted to prove that the weapon would work as designed (as was the first test near Alamogordo, New Mexico on July 16, 1945), or to advance nuclear weapon design, or to determine weapons effects, or to verify weapon safety as were the more than one thousand tests that have taken place since June 30,1946. The nuclear weapon (nicknamed "Little Boy") dropped August 6,1945 from a United States Army Air Force B-29 bomber (the Enola Gay) and detonated over Hiroshima, Japan had an energy yield equivalent to that of 15,000 tons of TNT. The nuclear weapon (virtually identical to "Fat Man") exploded in a similar fashion August 9, 1945 over Nagaski, Japan had a yield of 21,000 tons of TNT. Both detonations were intended to end World War II as quickly as possible. Data on United States tests were obtained from, and verified by, the U.S. Department of Energy's three weapons laboratories -- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Additionally, data were obtained from public announcements issued by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and its successors, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration, and the U.S. Department of Energy, respectively.
Download or read book Nuclear Explosion Effects on Structures and Protective Construction written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
