Download or read book Teaching Machines written by Audrey Watters and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-02-07 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How ed tech was born: Twentieth-century teaching machines--from Sidney Pressey's mechanized test-giver to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Contrary to popular belief, ed tech did not begin with videos on the internet. The idea of technology that would allow students to "go at their own pace" did not originate in Silicon Valley. In Teaching Machines, education writer Audrey Watters offers a lively history of predigital educational technology, from Sidney Pressey's mechanized positive-reinforcement provider to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Watters shows that these machines and the pedagogy that accompanied them sprang from ideas--bite-sized content, individualized instruction--that had legs and were later picked up by textbook publishers and early advocates for computerized learning. Watters pays particular attention to the role of the media--newspapers, magazines, television, and film--in shaping people's perceptions of teaching machines as well as the psychological theories underpinning them. She considers these machines in the context of education reform, the political reverberations of Sputnik, and the rise of the testing and textbook industries. She chronicles Skinner's attempts to bring his teaching machines to market, culminating in the famous behaviorist's efforts to launch Didak 101, the "pre-verbal" machine that taught spelling. (Alternate names proposed by Skinner include "Autodidak," "Instructomat," and "Autostructor.") Telling these somewhat cautionary tales, Watters challenges what she calls "the teleology of ed tech"--the idea that not only is computerized education inevitable, but technological progress is the sole driver of events.
Download or read book Teaching Machines and Programming written by Kenneth Austwick and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaching Machines and Programming covers the significant developments in teaching machines and automated teaching, as well as the major theoretical issues and attributes involved in these procedures. After a brief introduction to teaching machine procedures, this six-chapter text goes on summarizing the industrial and military applications of teaching machines. The succeeding chapters consider the underlying theory, function, and schema of the adaptive teaching system, which are related to recognizable teaching functions performed by a human tutor. The last chapters discuss the development a.
Download or read book Teaching Machines and Programmed Learning written by Arthur A. Lumsdaine and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Teaching Machines and Programming written by K. Austwick and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaching Machines and Programming covers the significant developments in teaching machines and automated teaching, as well as the major theoretical issues and attributes involved in these procedures. After a brief introduction to teaching machine procedures, this six-chapter text goes on summarizing the industrial and military applications of teaching machines. The succeeding chapters consider the underlying theory, function, and schema of the adaptive teaching system, which are related to recognizable teaching functions performed by a human tutor. The last chapters discuss the development and features of linear programs and their application as new teaching aid. These chapters also look into some practical problems arising in programming for schools. This book will prove useful to computer programmers, school administrators, teachers, and students.
Download or read book The Technology of Teaching written by B. F. Skinner and published by B. F. Skinner Foundation. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Parent's Day, in 1952, B. F. Skinner visited his daughter's fourth grade math class. As he watched the lesson, he became increasingly uncomfortable. Almost every principle of effective teaching that he had studied for more than 20 years was being violated in that classroom. Yet it was a typical class. The teacher showed how to solve the day's problems, then gave the students a worksheet to do. Some children began to work readily while others shifted uncomfortably in their chairs, or raised their hands for help. The teacher went from desk to desk, giving help and feedback. Skinner knew what was needed. Each student should be given a problem tailored precisely to his or her skill level, not to the class average, and every answer needed to be assessed immediately to determine the next step. The task was clearly impossible for one teacher. That afternoon, Skinner set to work on a teaching machine. Today's computers have made the mechanical machine obsolete, but the principles of how to design instruction in steps that lead from a basic level to competent performance are as valid today as they were in the 20th century. This book brings together Skinner's writings on education during the years he was most involved in improving education.
Download or read book Teaching Machines and Programmed Instruction written by Edward Bernard Fry and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Programmed Learning in Perspective written by I. K. Davies and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 2007-07-01 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The method of programming outlined in this book represents a major contribution to the growing body of literature in programmed learning. It is the first book in the field to present a carefully designed, complete and integrated system for analyzing, organizing and structuring learning materials in programmed form. Application of the system is illustrated through the step-by-step construction of two short programs. Starting with the analysis of the syllabus and course content, the authors take the reader through each phase of the programming process gathering and organizing the content material, construction of the program matrix and flow diagram and finally, the writing of frames. Every teacher and trainer can benefit from the application of this method to lesson plan preparation and to classroom teaching techniques. Such a method is essential, for all those who are writing programmed materials. In a new computer age classroom environment, programmed learning can be especially beneficial. C. A. Thomas, I. K. Davies, D. Openshaw, and J. B. Bird are instructors or directors at the British Royal Air Force School of Education. They are pioneers in the application of programmed learning in Britain and are highly regarded as forward looking and creative educational research workers. Their accomplishments include, in addition to this ingenious book, the design and development of the Empirical Tutor, one of Britain's major teaching machines, and the publication of a number of technical papers in the field of programmed learning. Lawrence M. Stolurow is professor emeritus of psychological & quantitative foundations at the University of Iowa.
Download or read book Learning and Programmed Instruction written by Julian I. Taber and published by Reading, Mass : Addison-Wesley. This book was released on 1965 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigation into the construction and arrangement of programmed instructional subject matter materials - includes the importance of the stimuli on the students Motivation and behaviour, and examples of two programmes implemented (1) in a school system, and (2) in telecommunications in the USA. References.
Download or read book Explaining teaching Machines and Programming written by David Cram and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scrambled book on teaching and training materials and programmed instruction.
Download or read book Teaching Machines and Programed Learning 1962 written by James D. Finn and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Teaching Machines and Programed Learning written by James D. Finn and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Teaching Machines written by Benjamin Fine and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Teaching Machines and Programmed Instruction written by Harry Kay and published by Harmondsworth : Penguin. This book was released on 1968 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Programmed Learning written by Foundation for Research on Human Behavior and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Guide to Programmed Instruction written by Jerome P. Lysaught and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Teaching Machines and Programed Materials in Mathematics written by United States. Office of Education and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Machine Learning for Kids written by Dale Lane and published by No Starch Press. This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hands-on, application-based introduction to machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) that guides young readers through creating compelling AI-powered games and applications using the Scratch programming language. Machine learning (also known as ML) is one of the building blocks of AI, or artificial intelligence. AI is based on the idea that computers can learn on their own, with your help. Machine Learning for Kids will introduce you to machine learning, painlessly. With this book and its free, Scratch-based, award-winning companion website, you'll see how easy it is to add machine learning to your own projects. You don't even need to know how to code! As you work through the book you'll discover how machine learning systems can be taught to recognize text, images, numbers, and sounds, and how to train your models to improve their accuracy. You'll turn your models into fun computer games and apps, and see what happens when they get confused by bad data. You'll build 13 projects step-by-step from the ground up, including: • Rock, Paper, Scissors game that recognizes your hand shapes • An app that recommends movies based on other movies that you like • A computer character that reacts to insults and compliments • An interactive virtual assistant (like Siri or Alexa) that obeys commands • An AI version of Pac-Man, with a smart character that knows how to avoid ghosts NOTE: This book includes a Scratch tutorial for beginners, and step-by-step instructions for every project. Ages 12+
