Download or read book Teacher Training in the University High School Classic Reprint written by Illinois University College O Education and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-29 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Teacher Training in the University High School The College of Education of the University of Illi nois, recognizing the importance of some kind of worth while educational practice, established its University High School which has been designed to serve three purposes: first, to act as an experimental laboratory for various types of investigations which may seem to be desirable in the advancement of the science of educa tion; second, to serve as a model school for the educa tors of Illinois; and third, to present opportunities for worthwhile observation on the part of students planning to become teachers and to give them actual experience through daily contact with actual class work under as desirable conditions as possible. The faculty of the Uni versity High School has, therefore, properly considered during these years that one of its chief tasks was to make as effective as possible the educational practice work for the College of Education. This bulletin has been prepared to show to the high school principals of the state and to all others interested in the character of our educational practice work the way in which this rather difficult problem has been at tacked. It is quite obvious that a relatively small high school cannot furnish, from the standpoint of time, um limited opportunities for full time practice teaching. Some modification of the traditional practice teaching period, therefore, had to be made. It was also the belief of the faculty of the College of Education that a far more economical use of the time of students desiring educational practice could be secured if a very systematic procedure could be developed. Those interested in this problem, by reading the statements prepared by the faculty of the University High School, can secure a very correct conception of the work of the University High School so far as it relates to the furnishing to the students in the College of Education opportunities for intelligent observation and valuable first hand contacts with the problems of the teacher. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Teacher Training Departments in Minnesota High Schools Classic Reprint written by Lotus D. Coffman and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-04 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Teacher Training Departments in Minnesota High Schools About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The Eighteenth Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education 1919 Vol 1 written by Guy Montrose Whipple and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-01-23 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Eighteenth Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, 1919, Vol. 1: The Professional Preparation of High-School Teachers In 1914, Professor S. C. Parker, then Secretary of the Society, suggested to Professor H. L. Miller that he present to the Society an account of the methods developed by him at the University of Wisconsin for the preparation of secondary-school teachers. Later Professor Miller consented to act informally as chairman of a group of persons who should cooperate in the production of a Year book dealing with the Organization and Administration of Prac tice Schools Generally. This undertaking expanded in various directions until it became necessary, from practical expediency, to limit the scope of the project for the time being to the training of high-school teachers only. We have been fortunate enough in this connection to arrange for the inclusion with Professor Miller 's group of a report of a Committee of the Society of College Teachers of Education that was investigating the use of practice schools in training high-school teachers. The present Yearbook, then, comprises three sections. In Sec tion I appears Professor Miller's original manuscript describing the plan of preparing teachers at the University of Wisconsin. This plan is novel enough to challenge the attention of all readers, since it involves a theory of classroom procedure applicable to any high school, whether concerned with teacher training or not. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Suggestions for the Teaching of History and Civics in the High School Classic Reprint written by August Charles Krey and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-03-21 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Suggestions for the Teaching of History and Civics in the High School The Duty of the History Teacher to the High School. - The problem of teaching history in the high school is not alone one of meeting requirements for affiliation with the State Univer sity. The first duty of the high school teacher is to the majority of the students. If this obligation is fully discharged there can be little question of affiliation with the University, for that will come as a matter of course. In view of the fact that a majority of the high school students never go to college, the task is rather one of equipping them with a certain amount of training which will be of direct benefit to them in understand ing and meeting the problems offlaibriife. Under these cir cumstances, it is necessary to throw the pupils into contact with problems which they might otherwise better attack at a later datei' This is an unfortunate situation, but neither university nor high school can ignore it. The public welfare demands a hearty co operation between both institutions in order to accomplish as much as possible for'the high school student. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Teaching High School Latin written by Josiah Bethea Game and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Teaching High-School Latin: A Handbook This little book represents a revision and enlargement of the Handbook for high-school Teachers of Latin which was published as a bulletin of the Missouri State Normal School, Cape Girardeau, in 1907, while the writer was connected with that institution as professor of Latin and Greek. That bulletin had a surprising popularity. An edition of five thousand was distributed within a short time, mainly in response to requests from all parts of the country. Even after a lapse of more than eight years, calls for Copies are frequently received. An earnest effort has been made to prepare a practical manual that will meet some of the immediate needs of the young teacher of Latin. The plans proposed represent actual experience in the high school, the normal school, and the college. They have been tested thoroughly and found effective. They do not represent a final solution of all the problems of the young teacher, but they do represent the best contribution the writer can now make to the cause of better teaching in our schools. Some of the suggestions here given were made originally by Professor C. U. Clark, director of the American Acad emy, Rome, Italy. My obligation to him is very great. Professors G. J. Laing and F. J. Miller, of the University of Chicago, did me the kindness to read the manuscript and make suggestions which have added very much to the value of the book. Their help is fully appreciated. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The Teaching of High School English written by Department Of Public Instruction and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-04 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Teaching of High School English: June, 1914 Makers of high school courses of study and high school teachers have not been unmindful of these considerations. More of the pupils' time during the high school period is devoted to English than to any other subject, and this independent of the fact that every recitation is, in a sense, a recitation in English. In the large academic high schools there are more teachers of English than of any other subject. How far the results of the teaching justify the time and energy expended is not easily determined. It is not to be denied that results are not always what either the public or the teachers themselves could wish. In this connection there should be taken into account the forces at work outside of school which impair the results of English teaching, and which seriously handicap the work of teachers in this subject as the work of no other body of high school teachers is handicapped. Some of these forces are the prevailing low standards of spoken English in many homes and in many communities, the dislike of a large number of pupils for written composition of any sort, their inability to see the relation of good English to the practical affairs of the world, and the enormous amount of cheap periodical matter which the news stands offer in tempting colors or pictorial adornment to old and young alike. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book First Standard Manual of Teacher Training Classic Reprint written by Wade Crawford Barclay and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-12-18 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from First Standard Manual, of Teacher Training The purpose of this book is to present in compact, convenient form, at a price within reach of all, a reasonably comprehensive and thorough elementary training course for teachers and those looking forward to teaching in the Sunday school. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Observation and Practice Teaching in College and University Departments of Education Classic Reprint written by Frederic Ernest Farrington and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Observation and Practice Teaching in College and University Departments of Education The colleges and universities have offended, too, in assum ing that they can do the work of the normal schools. True their education departments might be so organized that they could discharge this responsibility, but constituted as they are at present, the emphasis is largely on the side of teaching subjects rather than on teaching children. The normal school that requires a four-year high school course for entrance and is thus free to devote itself largely to the professional side of the elementary school subject-matter has the advantage of the college and university departments of education, as they are constituted at present, in the preparation of teachers for the lower schools. If the elementary schools generally were organ ized on the departmental plan, some of the disadvantage might be obviated, but at present it is manifestly impossible for the university to give that attention to all the subjects of the ele mentary school curriculum that is so essential for teachers eu tering upon that particular field. Our best normal schools spend a relatively small amount of time in taking up new sub jects of study per se, but they devote themselves primarily to reviewing the elementary branches through the media of those more advanced. It is not so much a more extensive study of the lower subjects that is needed as a more intensive study of those same subjects with a view to teaching them. To the extent that the institutions of higher learning fail to do this - it is by no means to their discredit; they have another function in the intellectual world - to that very extent do they fall behind the normal school in the preparation of elementary teachers. Be cause all our normal schools are not ideal either in their condi tions for entrance or in the character of their work, does not justify the universities in attempting to assume part of these burdens. Each institution has abundant work in its own par ticular field. Let us rather work together to build up the standard of these lower professional schools until they attain the highest type of efficiency of which they are capable. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book A Plan of Preparing Teachers Classic Reprint written by Frederic Lister Burk and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from A Plan of Preparing Teachers As a summary of the distinctive elements in the plan Of the San Francisco State Normal School the following features may be stated: the school is a strictly professional school requiring for admission the same degree of general scholarship as that set by the universities, but it does not include general scholarship in its courses of instruction. Systematic provision is made for the selection of persons possessing the inborn teaching personality and for the elimination of those who are lacking in essentials of personality. The purpose of the school is limited to the preparation of students of selected personality to be class teachers in the primary and grammar grades. This prepa ration consists oi training in the arts of instruction as habits, and in the technical pedagogy and theory of teaching the school subjects as perspective to the arts acquired in the Training School. The actual teaching Of the Training School provides for the practice of ten weeks in each grade and in all standard subjects of the primary and grammar school, under careful supervision, covering a practical ex perience of at least two years. The daily teaching is accompanied by the study of the theoretic pedagogy of the subjects taught in the Training School. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The High School s Cure of Souls Classic Reprint written by Edward Octavius Sisson and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2016-12-23 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The High School's Cure of Souls Nor can the over-intellectualism of the university graduate be a surprize to any one who realizes the vast transformation from the older type of American college, with its deep ethical and religious character, to the university of today with its intense specialized teaching and study on the one hand, and its absorbing athletic and social life on the other - a trans formation pictured with power and fidelity by Mr. Clarence F. Birdseye in his really great book, Individual training in our colleges. What the American high school needs is just what English Rugby needed and what the immortal Arnold gave it thru his teaching and example, and as Hughes says, above all thru his unwearied zeal in creating moral thoughtfulness in every boy with whom he came into personal contact.1 Woe unto the land if its future leaders lack moral thoughtfulness in its fullest sense: both the righteous intent and the practical wis dom; only by these two elements combined in our statesmen and citizens can the republic be saved and the nation fulfil its destiny. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Training Courses for Rural Teachers Classic Reprint written by Arthur Coleman Monahan and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2016-12-29 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Training Courses for Rural Teachers In other States. Teacher training in high schools as Viewed by superintendents and other Table 2. - teacher-training courses in public high schools Table 3. - Arkansas: Teacher-training courses in high schools, 1911 - 12 Table 4. - Iowa: Teacher-training courses in high schools, 1911 - 12. Table 5, - Kansas: Schools maintaining teacher-training courses, 1911-12 Table 6. - Maine: Teacher-training classes in high schools, 1910 - 11. Table 7. - Michigan: County normal training classes in connection with high schools, 1911 - 12 Table 8. - Minnesota: High-school training departments, 1911 - 12. Table 9. - Nebraska: Teacher-training courses in high schools, 1911 - 12 Table 10. - New York: Teacher-training courses in high schools, 1911 - 12 Table 11. - Oregon: Teacher - training courses in high schools, 191142. Table 12. - Vermont: Teacher-training courses in high schools, 1911 - 12 Table 13. - Virginia: Teacher-training courses in high schools, 1911-12. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book U and I University High School Magazine December 21 1921 Classic Reprint written by University Of Illinois and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-03-06 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from U. And I: University High School Magazine; December 21, 1921 No one is properly trained for the work of teaching who has not had good opportunities to observe various types of teaching and to try some of the phases of the work under intelligent guidance. In other words, some sort of an apprenticeship should be passed through by every prospective teacher. This is in addition to the theoretical part of the training. A school system or high school under Control of the teacher training institution makes this possible under conditions relatively free from detrimental effects as far as the work of the school itself is concerned. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Apt to Teach written by EMMA K. BOMHARD and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Apt to Teach: First Book on Teacher Training The increase in the number of text books on teacher-train ing is a sure indication of the growth of the interest manifested by our Sunday-schools in the need of training men and women for this great work of the Christian Church. But if this training is to be applied only to the work in the Sunday-school, then the efforts that are being put forth to increase the facilities for such training would hardly be warranted. It is being discovered that this training of the teachers gives them a more intelligent outlook upon the unlimited opportunities for Christian service in the home. The introduction to systematic, comprehensive Bible study, the knowledge of child development, and of the laws governing the spiritual and moral education Will prepare our young people for the real life work awaiting them, as the fathers and mothers of the coming generation. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The Preparation of Teachers in Ontario and the United States Classic Reprint written by Frank Arthur Jones and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-09-17 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Preparation of Teachers in Ontario and the United States In Ontario extensive provision is made for the preparation of teachers. Every position in the schools, from Kindergarten to University, must be filled by a trained teacher if such is available, and no one can receive a permanent certificate as a teacher Without Scholarship, pedagogical training, and experience. The academic and professional courses are distinctly separated; the professional training being acquired in special schools, after the acquisition of academic knowledge in the High Schools or Universities. Teachers of different qualifications are required for the various grades of schools, and hence there have been established three types of training schools for teachers; the Provincial Model Schools, the Provincial Normal Schools, and the Faculties of Education in the University of Toronto and in Queen's University, Kingston. In the High Schools, special courses are provided for those who are seeking to enter upon the work of teaching. Students who desire to attend a Model School must pass the examination known as Entrance to Model Schools, at the end of a two years' course. Those who wish to attend a' Normal School must Com plete this course and continue for two years longer, when they must pass the Entrance to Normal School examination. A further course Of two years prepares them for the Entrance to Faculty examination. There is still another way in which a student may proceed in his preparation; he may take the matriculation course in the High School and secure a degree in Arts from a University after an attendance of four years. This degree will admit him to the Faculty of Education. He may have specialized during his University career, and then upon graduating from the Faculty of Education, he may secure a Specialist professional certificate. A' holder of such a certificate usually becomes a teacher in a High School or Collegiate Institute. Prospective teachers who attend the Universities take their courses in Arts with students who will enter other professions. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The American High School Classic Reprint written by John Franklin Brown and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-01-16 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The American High School The problems of the American high school are specific. They differ much from those of the elementary school below and those of the college, university, or technical school above. The experience of the last half century has revealed them; it has also developed a considerable body of knowledge concerning them, which every high school teacher should possess before entering upon his work. This knowledge will not solve all his individual problems, but it should at least make him aware of their existence and suggest the solution which he must himself work out. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The Professional Training of Secondary Teachers in the United States Classic Reprint written by G. W. A. Luckey and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-09-17 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Professional Training of Secondary Teachers in the United States Within the last century the educational advancement, at least in the more progressive nations, has been so rapid, the scientific spirit so pronounced, and the differentiation and increased complexity of subject-matter so great, that it has become necessary to simplify the processes of education by more expert teaching. The science of education, depending as it does for much Of its material upon the scientific advancement in other fields of thought, has been slow in its development. But the growth of this subject in late years has been rapid and encouraging. Along with the advancement of the science of education has come a deeper interest in the science and art of teaching and in the professional training of teachers. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The Teaching of High School Mathematics Classic Reprint written by Jasper Q. Hassler and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-10-12 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Teaching of High School Mathematics This bulletin has grown out of the lectures given by me at the University of Oklahoma in the course on the teaching of high school mathematics. It is published by the University with the hope of helping the high school teachers of mathematics in the state. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.