Download or read book Teacher Perceptions of Student Performance on High stakes Tests of Academic Achievement written by Christine Tolbert and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Teacher Perceptions of the Effects of High stakes Testing on Teacher and Student Motivation written by Jimika Cosby Miller and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study used a forty-seven item survey to explore the perceptions of twenty-one elementary school teachers on the effects of high-stakes testing and accountability of their students, teaching state-standards that correlate with what is assessed on state-mandated tests, high-stakes testing and its effect on teacher and student motivation and morale, and receiving rewards for high achievement and raising state-mandated test scores annually.
Download or read book The Unintended Consequences of High Stakes Testing written by Gail M. Jones and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2003-04-09 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To better understand how high-stakes accountability has influenced teaching and learning, this book takes an in-depth look at the myriad consequences that high-stakes tests hold for students, teachers, administrators, and the public. By focusing on these tests and spending large amounts of time on test preparation and driving teachers to teach low-level, rote memorization, schools are essentially wiping out non-tested subjects such as science, social studies, physical education, and the arts. Although testing is promoted as a strategy for improving education for all, research shows that testing has differential effects on students with special needs, minority students, students living in poverty, and those for whom English is a second language. The Unintended Consequences of High Stakes Testing unpacks the assumptions and philosophical foundations on which testing policies are based. The authors' arguments are grounded in extensive interviews and research. Through an examination of research, these authors show that high-stakes testing promotes students' dependence on extrinsic motivation at the cost of intrinsic motivation and the associated love of learning—which has tangible impacts on their education and lives. Features: -Examines how high stakes testing from the perspectives of teachers, students, and adminstrators. -Considers how testing impacts the curriculum including tested subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics as well as non-tested subjects such as science, social studies, physical education, and the arts. -Documents how teachers and administrators engage in test preparation and discusses ethical and unethical test preparation practices. -Reviews the evolution of testing through history and how it mpacts the curriculum. -Examines the differential effects of testing on students with special needs, minority students, students living in poverty, and those for whom English is a second language.
Download or read book School Social Workers Perceptions of the Impact of High stakes Accountability Testing in Schools written by Christine Lagana Riordan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African American and Hispanic students and students from families with lower income are particularly at-risk for differential academic achievement and dropout. When students underachieve at school or dropout, they often face severe consequences such as increased risk of incarceration and unemployment. School social workers strive to prevent poor academic achievement and the associated negative outcomes. In recent years, federal and state education policy has focused on reducing disparities in academic achievement through the creation of policies that use high-stakes testing requirements to hold schools accountable for student learning. Research studies on teacher perceptions of high-stakes testing indicate that it is having a negative impact on their job tasks and on school systems. However, there are few studies that examine school social worker perceptions about the impact of high-stakes testing. This study examines school social workers' perceptions about high-stakes testing. Specifically, it assesses school social worker perceptions about the impact of high-stakes testing on school systems and how school ratings and student performance might influence these perceptions. It also examines school social workers' perceptions about the impact of high-stakes testing on their abilities to perform their work tasks. The study sample is drawn from respondents to the Texas School Social Work Survey (n=177). Data were analyzed through secondary data analysis using factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings indicate that school social workers perceive high-stakes testing as having a largely negative impact on school systems and their job tasks. School social workers who predominantly worked with students from ethnic minority backgrounds were more likely to have negative opinions about the impact of high-stakes testing on their job tasks. School social workers from schools with lower school ratings and those who felt that the students on their caseload tended to struggle on high-stakes tests had more negative perceptions about the impact of high-stakes testing on school systems. Results indicate the need for school social workers to become more involved in education policy and macro practice, to connect their services to improved academic outcomes for students, and to find new ways to provide school social work services in the "age of accountability."
Download or read book Testing in American Schools written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Standardized Testing written by T. Kelleghan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When George Bernard Shaw wrote his play, Pygmalion, he could hardly have foreseen the use of the concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy in debates about standardized testing in schools. Still less could he have foreseen that the validity of the concept would be examined many years later in Irish schools. While the primary purpose of the experimental study reported in this book was not to investigate the Pygmalion effect, it is inconceivable that a study of the effects of standardized testing, conceived in the 1960s and planned and executed in the 1970s, would not have been influenced by thinking about teachers' expectations and the influence of test information on the formation of those expectations. While our study did pay special attention to teacher expectations, its scope was much wider. It was planned and carried out in a much broader framework, one in which we set out to examine the impact of a standardized testing program, not just on teachers, but also on school practices, students, and students' parents.
Download or read book Teacher Beliefs and Practices written by John Christopher Sr Herrera and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing diversity in schools in the United States over the last few decades, combined with an emphasis on high-stakes testing, has heightened concerns about the academic performance of students of color, in particular African American students. There are concerns about the appropriateness of a Eurocentric curriculum taught by White teachers, which often limits the use of a multicultural curriculum--one that values the culture and lifestyles of diverse students. This study focused on elements within teaching practices that improved achievement among students of color. An enhanced application of the Multiple Meanings of Multicultural Teacher Education Framework (MTEF), along with assessments of teacher training instruments (Gay, 1994; Love, 2001; Ladson-Billings, 1994), helped to create the Model for Modified Multicultural Teacher Education Framework on Teacher Perception of Student Achievement that served as a guide for the investigation. The overall findings confirmed the utility of the model and the enhancements made to the multicultural assessment instruments. Depending upon what elements were chosen, between 18% and 23% of the variance explained in teacher's beliefs, attitudes and perceptions could be explained by their training, their community involvement, awareness of self, knowledge of subject and a positive approach to the institutional culture. The findings support the existing literature and adds to it a new dimension by directly focusing on teacher's perceptions, attitudes and beliefs that promote or constrain teaching and learning about urban African American students in the urban classroom.
Download or read book Teachers Perceptions of High Stakes Assessment written by Zoe Klomp and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High stakes assessment is an increasingly important part of a student’s education. This quantitative study investigates New Zealand secondary school teachers’ perceptions of high stakes assessment in New Zealand, the National Certificate of Educational Achievement, and its impact on teaching and learning. A particular focus of this research was on teachers’ perceptions of the purpose of assessment, how it affected the culture of assessment within a school, and the outcomes of these impacts within the classroom. An anonymous questionnaire was electronically sent to 388 New Zealand secondary schools as well as five subject associations in an attempt to give every teacher an opportunity to respond. The questionnaire asked teachers to rate the impact that different items had on their ability to improve the curriculum; this included the school’s assessment culture, curriculum requirements, and the learning experiences available to their students. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified five factors: teacher workload, external learning connections, school culture, support for NCEA, and perceived barriers. Factor scores were formed to further analyse group differences between factors. Teacher workload was the most pervasive issue across the factors. Significant differences were found according to socioeconomic profile and teaching subject. When separated by socioeconomic profile, teachers from high decile schools were more likely to report a positive school culture, lower teacher workload and less concern with perceived barriers. When compared against teachers of all other teaching subjects, English teachers were found to report higher levels of workload and more issues with perceived barriers. The results of this study have shown that there are multiple facets to the teaching process that impact the quality of curriculum and these are experienced differently by teachers from schools of different deciles and teachers of different subjects. This means that implementation of any assessment or curriculum changes could be more effective when taking into account the different environments in which they are used.
Download or read book Student Growth Measures in Policy and Practice written by Kimberly Kappler Hewitt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the intersection of policy and practice in the use of student growth measures (SGMs) for high-stakes purposes as per such educator evaluation systems. The book also focuses on examinations of educators’ perceptions of and reactions to the use of SGMs; ethical implications pertaining to the use of SGMs; contextual challenges when implementing SGMs; and legal implications of SGM use. The use of student test score data has been the cornerstone of the recent transfiguration of educator evaluation systems in forty-two states and the District of Columbia. Three leading voices on SGMs—Sean Corcoran, Henry Braun, and David Berliner—also serve as section and concluding commentators.
Download or read book The Black White Test Score Gap written by Christopher Jencks and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " The test score gap between blacks and whites—on vocabulary, reading, and math tests, as well as on tests that claim to measure scholastic aptitude and intelligence--is large enough to have far-reaching social and economic consequences. In their introduction to this book, Christopher Jencks and Meredith Phillips argue that eliminating the disparity would dramatically reduce economic and educational inequality between blacks and whites. Indeed, they think that closing the gap would do more to promote racial equality than any other strategy now under serious discussion. The book offers a comprehensive look at the factors that contribute to the test score gap and discusses options for substantially reducing it. Although significant attempts have been made over the past three decades to shrink the test score gap, including increased funding for predominantly black schools, desegregation of southern schools, and programs to alleviate poverty, the median black American still scores below 75 percent of American whites on most standardized tests. The book brings together recent evidence on some of the most controversial and puzzling aspects of the test score debate, including the role of test bias, heredity, and family background. It also looks at how and why the gap has changed over the past generation, reviews the educational, psychological, and cultural explanations for the gap, and analyzes its educational and economic consequences. The authors demonstrate that traditional explanations account for only a small part of the black-white test score gap. They argue that this is partly because traditional explanations have put too much emphasis on racial disparities in economic resources, both in homes and in schools, and on demographic factors like family structure. They say that successful theories will put more emphasis on psychological and cultural factors, such as the way black and white parents teach their children to deal with things they do not know or understand, and the way black and white children respond to the same classroom experiences. Finally, they call for large-scale experiments to determine the effects of schools' racial mix, class size, ability grouping, and other policies. In addition to the editors, the contributors include Claude Steele, Ronald Ferguson, William G. Bowen, Philip Cook, and William Julius Wilson. "
Download or read book Teacher Perceptions of the Relationship Between Professional Development in Differentiated Instruction and Student Outcomes in High School Social Studies written by Cathy G. Powell and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author's abstract: Quality teaching and student achievement have been discussed in educational milieus for decades. However, as teachers are increasingly tasked with high-stakes testing and accountability, combined with diverse classrooms and budgetary constraints, the need for teacher professional development becomes especially significant. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine teachers’ perceptions of the relationship between job-embedded professional development in differentiated instruction and their students’ learning outcomes in high school social studies. For the purpose of this study, student learning outcomes included both cognitive and affective learning domains. This qualitative study explored the perceptions of six high school social studies teachers in a Georgia school district, featuring in-depth interviews as the primary method of data collection. Data analysis revealed themes related to knowledge construction, student learning outcomes, and teachers as learners. Although teachers’ perceptions indicated that the implementation of this particular professional development experience did not reflect the tenets of job-embedded professional development as touted, the results revealed compelling benefits of utilizing differentiated instruction on student learning outcomes in high school social studies in both the affective and cognitive learning domains. The results of this study also provided insight into teacher professional development which is beneficial for numerous educational stakeholders including, but not limited to, classroom and pre-service teachers, building- and district-level administrators such as principals, assistant principals, curriculum and instruction specialists, college and university professors, teacher education programs, parents, and students. Furthermore, the results of this study provided a foundation for continued discussion through its implications and recommendations, which are designed to improve student achievement through job-embedded teacher professional development.
Download or read book The Impact of the California Standardized Testing and Reporting Program on Teacher Perceptions Regarding the Educational Profession Classroom Instruction Student Engagement Toward Learning and Student Academic Achievement written by Vienna Maureen James and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) was implemented in California, as well as in other states, a shift in education occurred, one that demanded all students be proficient in reading and math by the year 2014. Since the inception of NCLB, states across the nation have been striving to reach the required levels of proficiency, and in doing so have -according to a number of studies- created an unintended consequence: students are not receiving well-rounded educations. As a result, the research literature suggests that too many students are not being adequately prepared for college or the 21st century workplace. The purpose of this study was to investigate teacher perceptions of NCLB's impact in a small northern California school district. More specifically, this study employed a mixed methods design to determine if a significant correlation existed between the online survey results from 125 K-5 teachers and the following variables: teacher flexibility, teacher morale, CST accuracy, CST comprehensiveness, influenced by the CST, and producing lifelong learners, as impacted by the California Standardized Testing and Reporting (STAR) program. This study also examined the perceptions of elementary teachers regarding student engagement towards learning and student academic achievement through follow-up interviews with six of the participants. Overall, the findings revealed that the state's standardized testing and the district's formative assessments are essentially driving instruction in this district. Teachers are inevitably narrowing the curriculum, spending less time teaching at deeper levels, and are using a great deal of classroom instruction teaching testing strategies. The participants believe this has impacted their students educationally by narrowing their knowledge in many subject areas. The findings also indicated teachers believe that these students may have learned minimal strategies to use to problem solve, address conflict, or work with others. The findings revealed that, because of the teaching limitations created by NCLB expectations, students are not as engaged in their learning and are at times creatively stifled. These impacts are also creating undesirable effects for the teachers. The findings indicated that teachers are frustrated and discouraged with the current demands from the federal, state, and district level accountability systems. The demands, in combination with teaching limitations, are creating pressures that are resulting in low teacher morale and thoughts of ending their teaching professions. This study concludes with four recommendations that emerged from the findings as well as implications for leadership, policy change, and further research.
Download or read book International Guide to Student Achievement written by John Hattie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-17 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Guide to Student Achievement brings together and critically examines the major influences shaping student achievement today. There are many, often competing, claims about how to enhance student achievement, raising the questions of "What works?" and "What works best?" World-renowned bestselling authors, John Hattie and Eric M. Anderman have invited an international group of scholars to write brief, empirically-supported articles that examine predictors of academic achievement across a variety of topics and domains. Rather than telling people what to do in their schools and classrooms, this guide simply provides the first-ever compendium of research that summarizes what is known about the major influences shaping students’ academic achievement around the world. Readers can apply this knowledge base to their own school and classroom settings. The 150+ entries serve as intellectual building blocks to creatively mix into new or existing educational arrangements and aim for quick, easy reference. Chapter authors follow a common format that allows readers to more seamlessly compare and contrast information across entries, guiding readers to apply this knowledge to their own classrooms, their curriculums and teaching strategies, and their teacher training programs.
Download or read book The Global Testing Culture written by William C. Smith and published by Symposium Books Ltd. This book was released on 2016-01-04 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past thirty years have seen a rapid expansion of testing, exposing students worldwide to tests that are now, more than ever, standardized and linked to high-stakes outcomes. The use of testing as a policy tool has been legitimized within international educational development to measure education quality in the vast majority of countries worldwide. The embedded nature and normative power of high-stakes standardized testing across national contexts can be understood as a global testing culture. The global testing culture permeates all aspects of education, from financing, to parental involvement, to teacher and student beliefs and practices. The reinforcing nature of the global testing culture leads to an environment where testing becomes synonymous with accountability, which becomes synonymous with education quality. Underlying the global testing culture is a set of values identified from the increasing literature on world culture. These include: education as a human right, academic intelligence, faith in science, decentralization, and neoliberalism. Each of these values highlights different aspects of the dialogue in support of high-stakes standardized testing. The wide approval of these values and their ability to legitimate various aspects of high-stakes testing reinforces the taken-for-granted notion that such tests are effective and appropriate education practices. However, a large body of literature emphasizes the negative unintended consequences – teaching to the test, reshaping the testing pool, the inequitable distribution of school resources and teachers’ attention, and reconstructing the role of the student, teacher, and parent – commonly found when standardized, census-based tests are combined with high-stakes outcomes for educators or students. This book problematizes this culture by providing critical perspectives that challenge the assumptions of the culture and describe how the culture manifests in national contexts. The volume makes it clear that testing, per se, is not the problem. Instead it is how tests are administered, used or misused, and linked to accountability that provide the global testing culture with its powerful ability to shape schools and society and lead to its unintended, undesirable consequences.
Download or read book Teacher Perceptions of Factors Influencing Middle School Student Achievement written by Rochelle Nixon-Green and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this case study was to examine an urban middle school demonstrating increased student academic achievement gains and success in helping adolescent students prepare for high school. The research also set out to identify key programs, practices, and instructional strategies that teachers in the study site identified as having a positive impact on student academic, social development, and high school preparedness. Furthermore, this study sought to uncover themes emerging from the examination the programs, practices and instructional strategies identified at the case study school associated with raising student achievement. The focus of the study was narrowed to three key factors associated with student academic success including school-wide programs school-wide practices, and instructional practices. The school selected for this case study was an excellent exemplar of a successful urban middle school dedicated to increasing student achievement for several reasons. Being a part of the relatively large urban district, the school is located in a primarily low socioeconomic neighborhood. The school demonstrates high success in increasing student achievement as can be seen in a three-year trend in academics as measured by the North Carolina Standardized Testing and Reporting Program. has met or exceeded the criteria set for this study defining it as a high performing school for the last three academic years, having made steady academic performance improvement over the past several years as measured by the California Standardized Testing and Reporting Program. The inquiry method employed for this study was the case study approach. Documents were reviewed, observational field notes of site visits were taken, and structured, open-ended interview questions were utilized to uncover factors positively affecting student achievement. A total of nine teachers, one administrator and one curriculum facilitator participated in the interview process. To ensure effective triangulation of the research data, a quantitative survey was used to support the principals' and teachers' interview responses. A total of 12 teachers at the case study school completed the questionnaire surveys. Data analysis uncovered three major themes associated with increasing student achievement, including a culture of support for students, the setting of high academic expectations for students, and the establishment of school-wide systems and structures. Use of Bolman and Deal's four frames paradigm provided the theoretical support for the analysis, interpretation of the data gathered at the case study school, and identification of implications for further study."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.
Download or read book The Effects of High Stakes Testing and Social Studies Pedagogy An Examiniation of Social Studies Teaching Methods and Curriculum written by Sarah Dawn Smilowitz and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine how the changes in social studies teaching methods and content pedagogy have changed due to the increase in high-stakes testing in the area of secondary social studies. The primary questions addressed in this study were focused on teacher perceptions regarding high-stakes testing in social studies, and content pedagogy currently used in the social studies classroom. The participants in this study included 12 high school U.S. History teachers from 3 public schools. A phenomenological study was conducted to gather information related to the following research questions: (1) What are the perceptions of high school teachers regarding high-stakes testing? (2) What are the perceptions of high school teachers in regards to current teaching strategies commonly used in the social studies classroom? (3) What are the perceptions of teachers regarding what determines the correct teaching style or strategy utilized? (4) What are the perceptions of high school teachers regarding formative assessments and activities in correlation with high-stakes testing? Three common themes emerged from the data collected from the public school teachers: (1) High-stakes testing enhances teachers’ understanding of content knowledge and influences pedagogical strategies. (2) End of Course sample questions, primary source documents, and discussion are effective strategies used in formative and summative assessments in preparations for high-stakes learning. (3) High-stakes testing directly affects curriculum planning and pedagogical instruction. Study results also revealed unique themes shared by individual school sites. Themes shared by teachers at the high-achieving school (School A) were: (1) High-stakes testing was perceived negatively by teachers and created stressful working conditions for teachers. (2) Teachers sought outside references and sources to guide instructional activities in the classroom. One theme shared by teachers at the average-achieving school (School B) was: (1) Time constraints in teaching the U.S. History curriculum occurred due to the implementation of high-stakes testing. Themes shared by teachers at the low-achieving school (School C) were: (1) High-stakes testing limited the amount of content covered and depth of detail explored. (2) High-stakes testing negativity impacted teaching style. .
Download or read book Ethnic Matching written by Donald Easton-Brooks and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnic Matching: Academic Success of Students of Color is an in-depth exploration on the impact of ethnic matching in education, the paring of students of color with teachers of the same race. Research shows that this method has a positive and long-term impact on the academic experience of students of color. This book explores what makes this phenomenon relevant in today’s classrooms. Through interviewing quality teachers of color, this book sheds a light on the impact these teachers make on the academic experience of students of color. This approach is meant to provide all teachers valuable insight into techniques for engaging with diverse learners. Also, from these conversations, the book shows how the intentionality of culturally responsive practice can enhance the academic experience of students of color. Topics such as the challenges of recruiting and retaining quality teachers of color, as well as the valuable work being done on the local, state, and national level to promote diversifying the field of education as a way to provide equitable education for all students is also explored in this book.
