Download or read book Taxing Stablecoins written by Mr. Christophe J Waerzeggers and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-05-25 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Fintech Note specifically considers the challenges that tax law systems face to achieve neutrality in taxing transactions in one specific type of crypto asset: stablecoins. Stablecoins are a category of crypto assets that aim to maintain a stable value relative to a specified asset or to a pool of assets, such as sovereign currencies. In this way, they are designed to address the problem of volatility in the prices of crypto assets; price volatility generally makes these assets poor candidates to be a store of value and is one of the main impediments against their more widespread adoption as a means of payment. The prospect of a more widespread adoption of stablecoins warrants a closer look at their tax treatment and associated challenges.
Download or read book Taxing Cryptocurrencies written by Katherine Baer and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-07-05 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policymakers are struggling to accommodate cryptocurrencies within tax systems not designed to handle them; this paper reviews the issues that arise. The greatest challenges are for implementation: crypto's quasi-anonymity is an inherent obstacle to third-party reporting. Design problems arise from cryptocurrencies' dual nature as investment assets and means of payment: more straightforward is a compelling case for corrective taxation of carbon-intensive mining. Ownership is highly concentrated at the top, but many crypto investors have only moderate incomes. The capital gains tax revenue at stake worldwide may be in the tens of billions of dollars, but the more profound risks may ultimately be for VAT/sales taxes.
Download or read book Taxation of Crypto Assets written by Niklas Schmidt and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2020-11-27 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of crypto assets has required taxation authorities worldwide to develop unprecedented policies and compelled tax lawyers to apply existing laws in new ways. This book – the only one to focus solely on the taxation of crypto assets – provides a detailed country-by-country analysis of how the tax law of thirty-nine countries may apply to this rapidly developing area, including different use cases and compliance and documentation requirements. Following an overview of the technology and key characteristics of crypto assets, as well as the key tax concepts and types of taxes that could apply to them, leading practitioners in each particular jurisdiction summarize the relevant tax law in that country. Fully explained are such aspects of crypto assets as the following and how they are interrelated: sales; exchanges; receipt as remuneration; forks; airdrops; mining; staking; initial coin offerings; security token offerings; and initial exchange offerings. Contributors describe how each jurisdiction applies income and capital gains taxation, value-added tax and sales tax, withholding taxes, transfer taxes, and gift, inheritance, estate and wealth taxes in the context of crypto assets. Reporting requirements and enforcement are also covered. Tax law, as it applies to crypto assets, is new and continues to evolve. This book will be welcomed as the premier resource for tax practitioners, government officials, advisors, investors, issuers, users of crypto assets, and taxation academics who are seeking informed awareness of the policy choices countries make in dealing with the taxation of this new technology. Tax lawyers dealing with crypto assets will have comprehensive practical guidance on how to comply with the tax laws of multiple jurisdictions.
Download or read book Regulation of Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technologies written by Rosario Girasa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book highlights the rise of Bitcoin, which is based on blockchain technology, and some of the many types of coins and tokens that emerged thereafter. Although Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have made national and international news with their dramatic rise and decline in value, nevertheless the underlying technology is being adopted by both industry and governments, which have noted the benefits of speed, cost efficiency, and protection from hacking. Based on numerous downloaded articles, laws, cases, and other materials, the book discusses the digital transformation, the types of cryptocurrencies, key actors, and the benefits and risks. It also addresses legal issues of digital technology and the evolving U.S. federal regulation. The varying treatment by individual U.S. states is reviewed together with attempts by organizations to arrive at a uniform regulatory regime. Both civil and criminal prosecutions are highlighted with an examination of the major cases that have arisen. Whether and how to tax cryptocurrency transactions both in the U.S. and internationally are analyzed, and ends with a speculative narrative of future developments.
Download or read book Blockchain Artificial Intelligence and Financial Services written by Sean Stein Smith and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blockchain technology and artificial intelligence (AI) have the potential to transform how the accounting and financial services industries engage with the business, stakeholder and consumer communities. Presenting a blend of technical analysis with current and future applications, this book provides professionals with an action plan to embrace and move forward with these new technologies in financial and accounting organizations. It is written in a conversational style that is unbiased and objective, replacing jargon and technical details with real world case examples.
Download or read book The Rise of Digital Money written by Mr.Tobias Adrian and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper marks the launch of a new IMF series, Fintech Notes. Building on years of IMF staff work, it will explore pressing topics in the digital economy and be issued periodically. The series will carry work by IMF staff and will seek to provide insight into the intersection of technology and the global economy. The Rise of Digital Money analyses how technology companies are stepping up competition to large banks and credit card companies. Digital forms of money are increasingly in the wallets of consumers as well as in the minds of policymakers. Cash and bank deposits are battling with so-called e-money, electronically stored monetary value denominated in, and pegged to, a currency like the euro or the dollar. This paper identifies the benefits and risks and highlights regulatory issues that are likely to emerge with a broader adoption of stablecoins. The paper also highlights the risks associated with e-money: potential creation of new monopolies; threats to weaker currencies; concerns about consumer protection and financial stability; and the risk of fostering illegal activities, among others.
Download or read book Tax and Technology written by Annika Streicher and published by Linde Verlag GmbH. This book was released on 2023-10-13 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges and opportunities of new technologies in the tax field Technological developments induced major reforms in the regulatory international and domestic tax landscapes as well as in the developments in the use of technology by tax administrations and taxpayers. New technology, especially the innovations in virtual asset-light cross-border business organizations, data analytics, service and process automation, on one hand, disrupted the well-established legal tax principles and rules and, on the other, stimulated informed data-driven and structured solutions in tax compliance. Technological advances affected nearly every area and each aspect of taxation: Direct tax regulations, indirect tax law, and tax procedures including tax compliance, and tax control functions. International organizations such as the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the United Nations (UN), and the European Commission as a supranational organization fostered critical legislative reforms and proposals among which are the OECD Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from Digitalisation of the Economy, Article 12B of the UN Model Tax Convention to tax automated digital services, new rules for tracing transfers of crypto-assets in the EU, as well as the EU ́s VAT e-commerce package and "VAT in the Digital Age" package. While these proposals aim to address a wide range of the benefits and challenges of Economy 4.0, certain questions arise concerning the consistency of the legislative developments with their initial objectives, the appropriateness of the legal form for the economic substance of the regulated relations for the effectiveness of the regulations as well as their coherence. This volume contains a collection of scientific chapters on the general topic "Tax and Technology" that were successfully completed by the 2022/2023 LL.M. graduates of the Institute for Austrian and International Tax Law, WU. The volume is divided into three parts that contain the contributions dealing with the impact of the technology on international tax law, indirect tax law, and procedural law. Each chapter provides an in-depth analysis of a unique research question aiming to innovatively contribute to the current debate and develop a practical approach for implementing the findings.
Download or read book Taxation of Derivatives and Cryptoassets written by Oktavia Weidmann and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2024-06-10 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derivatives stand at the forefront of financial innovation, continually evolving to accommodate new asset classes and risk categories. In the past decade, the growing popularity of cryptoassets and ESG investments has sparked the development of a variety of innovative investment strategies and risk management tools, including crypto and ESG derivatives and related structured products. This new edition has similarly evolved. Using illustrative examples, it provides a comprehensive analysis of the key tax issues associated with derivatives and cryptoassets in domestic and cross-border transactions and presents approaches that tax legislators could adopt to solve them. The new edition also comments on recent trends in global tax policy, such as the OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) 1.0 and 2.0 projects. Throughout the book, specific references are made to UK, German, and Swiss tax law. The updated edition addresses the following topics: economic and financial properties of derivatives and cryptoassets; definition of derivatives for tax purposes and its application to crypto derivatives and ESG derivatives, among others; accounting treatment of derivatives and cryptoassets under IFRS, UK, German and US GAAP; current tax legislation and policy alternatives to the taxation of derivatives and cryptoassets; characterisation of derivatives gains and losses as income or capital, and equity or debt; accounting and taxation treatment of hedging transactions involving derivatives or cryptoassets; accounting and taxation rules applying to structured products and hybrid instruments, including crypto and ESG-linked structured products; withholding taxes on derivatives and the concept of beneficial ownership in domestic and cross-border transactions; and anti-avoidance legislation applying to derivatives and cryptoassets, including the domestic law implementation of BEPS Action 2, the EU Anti-Tax Avoidance Directives (ATAD I and II), the tax transparency rules for cryptoassets (DAC8) and Pillar Two. This comprehensive book analyses recent developments in three intertwined areas of expertise: financial products, accounting and tax law. It will be a valuable resource to tax professionals in their daily practice of advising companies, banks and investment funds. It will also be of interest to government officials and researchers engaged in the taxation of derivatives, cryptoassets, and ESG investment products.
Download or read book Building the New Economy written by Alex Pentland and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-10-12 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to empower people and communities with user-centric data ownership, transparent and accountable algorithms, and secure digital transaction systems. Data is now central to the economy, government, and health systems—so why are data and the AI systems that interpret the data in the hands of so few people? Building the New Economy calls for us to reinvent the ways that data and artificial intelligence are used in civic and government systems. Arguing that we need to think about data as a new type of capital, the authors show that the use of data trusts and distributed ledgers can empower people and communities with user-centric data ownership, transparent and accountable algorithms, machine learning fairness principles and methodologies, and secure digital transaction systems. It’s well known that social media generate disinformation and that mobile phone tracking apps threaten privacy. But these same technologies may also enable the creation of more agile systems in which power and decision-making are distributed among stakeholders rather than concentrated in a few hands. Offering both big ideas and detailed blueprints, the authors describe such key building blocks as data cooperatives, tokenized funding mechanisms, and tradecoin architecture. They also discuss technical issues, including how to build an ecosystem of trusted data, the implementation of digital currencies, and interoperability, and consider the evolution of computational law systems.
Download or read book The Economics of Fintech written by Sahoko Kaji and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-20 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of academic lectures given on fintech, a topic that has been written about extensively but only from a business or technological point of view. In contrast to other publications on the subject, this book shows the reader how fintech should be understood in relation to economics, financial theory, policy, and law. It provides introductory explanations on fintech-related concepts and instruments such as blockchains, crypto assets, machine learning, high-frequency trading, and AI. The collected lectures also point to surrounding issues including start-ups, monetary policy, asset management, cyber and other security, and stability of financial systems. The authors include professors, a former central bank official, current officials at Japan’s Financial Services Authority, a lawyer, the former dean of the Asian Development Bank Institute, and private sector professionals at the frontline of fintech. The book is most suitable for those both within and outside of academia who are beginning to learn about fintech and wish to successfully take part in the revolution that is certain to have wide-ranging effects on our economy and society.
Download or read book Portfolio Selection and Asset Pricing written by Shouyang Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In our daily life, almost every family owns a portfolio of assets. This portfolio could contain real assets such as a car, or a house, as well as financial assets such as stocks, bonds or futures. Portfolio theory deals with how to form a satisfied portfolio among an enormous number of assets. Originally proposed by H. Markowtiz in 1952, the mean-variance methodology for portfolio optimization has been central to the research activities in this area and has served as a basis for the development of modem financial theory during the past four decades. Follow-on work with this approach has born much fruit for this field of study. Among all those research fruits, the most important is the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) proposed by Sharpe in 1964. This model greatly simplifies the input for portfolio selection and makes the mean-variance methodology into a practical application. Consequently, lots of models were proposed to price the capital assets. In this book, some of the most important progresses in portfolio theory are surveyed and a few new models for portfolio selection are presented. Models for asset pricing are illustrated and the empirical tests of CAPM for China's stock markets are made. The first chapter surveys ideas and principles of modeling the investment decision process of economic agents. It starts with the Markowitz criteria of formulating return and risk as mean and variance and then looks into other related criteria which are based on probability assumptions on future prices of securities.
Download or read book The Bitcoin Standard written by Saifedean Ammous and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and authoritative exploration of Bitcoin and its place in monetary history When a pseudonymous programmer introduced "a new electronic cash system that’s fully peer-to-peer, with no trusted third party" to a small online mailing list in 2008, very few people paid attention. Ten years later, and against all odds, this upstart autonomous decentralized software offers an unstoppable and globally accessible hard money alternative to modern central banks. The Bitcoin Standard analyzes the historical context to the rise of Bitcoin, the economic properties that have allowed it to grow quickly, and its likely economic, political, and social implications. While Bitcoin is an invention of the digital age, the problem it purports to solve is as old as human society itself: transferring value across time and space. Author Saifedean Ammous takes the reader on an engaging journey through the history of technologies performing the functions of money, from primitive systems of trading limestones and seashells, to metals, coins, the gold standard, and modern government debt. Exploring what gave these technologies their monetary role, and how most lost it, provides the reader with a good idea of what makes for sound money, and sets the stage for an economic discussion of its consequences for individual and societal future-orientation, capital accumulation, trade, peace, culture, and art. Compellingly, Ammous shows that it is no coincidence that the loftiest achievements of humanity have come in societies enjoying the benefits of sound monetary regimes, nor is it coincidental that monetary collapse has usually accompanied civilizational collapse. With this background in place, the book moves on to explain the operation of Bitcoin in a functional and intuitive way. Bitcoin is a decentralized, distributed piece of software that converts electricity and processing power into indisputably accurate records, thus allowing its users to utilize the Internet to perform the traditional functions of money without having to rely on, or trust, any authorities or infrastructure in the physical world. Bitcoin is thus best understood as the first successfully implemented form of digital cash and digital hard money. With an automated and perfectly predictable monetary policy, and the ability to perform final settlement of large sums across the world in a matter of minutes, Bitcoin’s real competitive edge might just be as a store of value and network for the final settlement of large payments a digital form of gold with a built-in settlement infrastructure. Ammous’ firm grasp of the technological possibilities as well as the historical realities of monetary evolution provides for a fascinating exploration of the ramifications of voluntary free market money. As it challenges the most sacred of government monopolies, Bitcoin shifts the pendulum of sovereignty away from governments in favor of individuals, offering us the tantalizing possibility of a world where money is fully extricated from politics and unrestrained by borders. The final chapter of the book explores some of the most common questions surrounding Bitcoin: Is Bitcoin mining a waste of energy? Is Bitcoin for criminals? Who controls Bitcoin, and can they change it if they please? How can Bitcoin be killed? And what to make of all the thousands of Bitcoin knockoffs, and the many supposed applications of Bitcoin's 'block chain technology'? The Bitcoin Standard is the essential resource for a clear understanding of the rise of the Internet’s decentralized, apolitical, free-market alternative to national central banks.
Download or read book The Virtual Currency Regulation Review written by Michael S. Sackheim and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Economics and Regulation of Digitalisation written by Muzaffer Eroğlu and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-14 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turkey offers an interesting case study, both when it comes to the practice and the regulation of digitalization, as it combines a Western economic and legal system with an emerging country approach to digitalization. This co-edited volume examines the history, policies, economics, and various regulations of digitalization in Turkey. The chapters provide a comprehensive overview of how digitalization has developed in Turkey and how digitalization has come to be regulated, inspired by EU legislation yet with a “Turkish touch”. It explores the take up of digitalization by industry, society, and government, before delving into examples from FinTech and cryptocurrency, to social media and e-commerce, and yielding lessons for comparable emerging countries. Covering all the relevant aspects of digitalization, this book will be of interest to academics and students, particularly to those with an interest in innovation, economics of digitalization, policy, and regulation.
Download or read book Stablecoin Economy Ultimate Guide to Secure Digital Finance written by Koosha Azim and published by Koosha Azim. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stablecoin Economy: Ultimate Guide to Secure Digital Finance is an educational book written and published by Alyze Sam, Adam Alonzi, and Koosha Azim. Bitcoin has been making headlines for over a decade. Hundreds of cryptocurrencies have followed in its wake. Yet for all their differences, nearly all of them have been fraught with dramatic price fluctuations. This is a problem for investors and a deterrent to everyday use. Stablecoin Economy is a concise guide to one of the most promising classes of digital assets today. This book is meant to be an unbiased review of the Stablecoin concept and projects implementing it. Stablecoin Economy was written to give you the background knowledge you need to intelligently invest. Following the success of the 2020 Complete Stablecoin Guide, Sam has expanded the original reach of the book to deliver more pertinent and updated information. The new and updated version goes into greater detail in the areas of fiat currency, blockchain assets, stablecoins, and best practices for investors. With three times the information, Stablecoin Economy is written for beginners and seasoned traders alike.
Download or read book The Great Web 3 0 Glossary written by Nikolas Beutin and published by Fachmedien Recht und Wirtschaft. This book was released on 2023-02-14 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metaverse, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), Cryptocurrencies, Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Service Robots etc. are a rapidly expanding field with an ever-increasing number of terms and community-specific jargon. A new term is not always accompanied by something truly novel. In addition to verbal "pseudo-innuendos" and "crypto-slang" introduced with the intent of attracting attention quickly, there are several significant new developments. The issue with this development is that the risk of "Babylonian language confusion" is growing exponentially. Our observations indicate that this risk is particularly prevalent in the dialogue between science and practice. This book hopes to contribute to the clarification with quick access to all key terms. Obviously, many online marketplaces, platforms, encyclopedias, and glossaries already exist. However, our pre-book analysis has revealed that neither is even close to completion, sometimes with imprecise language and often with contradictory definitions and explanations. This glossary provides quick access for managers, students, and professors alike who are faced with the topics in their daily work. Students may keep track of the web 3.0's numerous terms as they study it. Instructors, teachers, and professors may use it as a guide for a consistent use of Metaverse, NFT, Cryptocurrency, and Blockchain terminology. Although, the more than 1,300 explanations of the individual terms are scientifically based, the focus is on easy understanding of the terms. The authors have made an effort to provide clear and concise definitions, an application-focused perspective, and simple language.
Download or read book The Investing Oasis written by J. T. Mason and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-10-14 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guided journey revealing hidden values and buried treasures while negotiating the investing landscape. A metaphorical journey through the hot, shifting sands of the capital markets ‘desert’ to awaken readers to the urgency of the "Behavior Gap"—a chronic gap of under-performance relative to the markets experienced by investors worldwide. This is a roadmap of portfolio management concepts and contrarian tactics that can turn misbehaviors, undue risks, and short-term gambles into longer-term strengths. Through 27 chapters and four tiers, the author progressively introduces more powerful tools & techniques used in the founding and ongoing management of the Oasis Growth Fund, a North American Hedge Fund.
