Download or read book Tax Reserves Auditor provided Tax Services and FIN 48 written by Chunlai Ye and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This study examines two types of consequences of FIN 48, the effect of FIN 48 on firm value and the effect of FIN 48 on audit fees, and shows that these consequences depend upon the size of the firm. Firm size and the role of the auditor are generally ignored in previous FIN 48-related studies. Because of different tax audit risks faced by firms of different sizes, I expect and find that FIN 48 affects firms of different sizes differently. After the adoption of FIN 48, the value relevance of tax reserves decreases for large firms but does not significantly change for medium and small firms. I also find that firms pay additional audit fees following FIN 48 and that the increase depends upon the size of the firm and the extent of tax services provided by the auditor. In addition, auditor-provided tax services mitigate the extra audit fees that firms with more tax reserves need to pay in the post-FIN 48 period.This study also investigates the effect of auditor-provided tax services on earnings management through tax reserves. I find that the auditor who provides more tax services facilitates large firms' earnings smoothing in the post-FIN 48 period, providing clear evidence of impairment of auditor independence due to tax services. This behavior does not exist within medium and small firms, arguably because the auditor does not compromise independence for less important clients.

Download or read book Does FIN 48 Improve Firms Estimates of Tax Reserves written by Cristi A. Gleason and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines whether the increased accounting guidance and reporting requirements of FIN 48 impact the adequacy and accuracy of tax reserves and the effect of auditor-provided tax services on tax reserves. While we do not find FIN 48 affected the adequacy or accuracy of tax reserves on average, FIN 48 eliminated the differences in the tax reserve adequacy of firms with and without auditor-provided tax services that existed prior to its adoption. We also find evidence of more timely recording and less premature releasing of tax reserves post-FIN 48. Our evidence is consistent with an increase in comparability of reserves for firms that do and do not purchase auditor-provided tax services, consistent with one of the FASB's objectives for FIN 48.

Download or read book Differences between FIN 48 and IFRIC 23 written by Carolin Seibert and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-31 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncertainties about the tax treatment of business transactions in the tax return or tax balance sheet can cause significant accounting challenges for current and deferred taxes in the financial statements. Whereas the accounting treatment of tax risks or tax audit risks has been regulated under US GAAP since 2006, a corresponding IFRS regulation was only published in 2017 and is effective from the 2019 fiscal year. The author takes this as an opportunity to analyze and critically assess the differences between the US GAAP accounting regulation “FIN 48 – Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” and the IFRS accounting regulation “IFRIC 23 – Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments”. Building on the insights from her analysis, the author also examines the problem areas arising from IFRIC 23 from the perspective of the German tax authorities, German business practice and German advisory practice.

Download or read book Fin 48 Answer Book 2009 Edition written by Mark L. Friedlich and published by CCH. This book was released on 2008-08 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIN 48 Answer Book is designed to for practitioners who need quick and authoritative answers to questions concerning the implementation of FIN 48. This book uses simple straightforward language to provide guidance on consistent accounting practices and criteria for enterprises reporting tax benefits from uncertain tax positions. The question-and-answer format, with its breadth of coverage, effectively conveys the complex subject matter of implementing and applying FIN 48.

Download or read book Much Uncertainty About Uncertain Tax Positions written by Robert Probasco and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) announced in January 2010 a new initiative to require certain businesses to report “uncertain tax positions” on a new schedule filed with their annual tax returns. Draft schedules and instructions issued in April 2010 clarified some of the mechanical aspects of the new requirement but left many open issues and questions. The IRS proposal built on requirements by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”). The standard requires companies, in their financial statements, to reserve some of the benefits from any position taken on their tax returns unless it is more likely than not that the IRS would fully concede the issue prior to litigation if it arose during an audit.The article describes the proposals and then discusses concerns and open issues. The most significant concerns include that, as a practical matter, information asymmetry may result in overly aggressive positions taken by the IRS and the IRS may not have the administrative capacity to use the additional information properly. The proposal also raises concerns about privilege and waiver, particularly with respect to the work-product doctrine and tax accrual workpapers.

Download or read book Taxing Corporate Income in the 21st Century written by Alan J. Auerbach and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-16 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was first published in 2007. Most countries levy taxes on corporations, but the impact - and therefore the wisdom - of such taxes is highly controversial among economists. Does the burden of these taxes fall on wealthy shareowners, or is it passed along to those who work for, or buy the products of, corporations? Can a country with high corporate taxes remain competitive in the global economy? This book features research by leading economists and accountants that sheds light on these and related questions, including how taxes affect corporate dividend policy, stock market value, avoidance, and evasion. The studies promise to inform both future tax policy and regulatory policy, especially in light of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other actions by the Securities and Exchange Commission that are having profound effects on the market for tax planning and auditing in the wake of the well-publicized accounting scandals in Enron and WorldCom.

Download or read book The Crisis in Tax Administration written by Henry Aaron and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004-05-20 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People pay taxes for two reasons. On the positive side, most people recognize, even if grudgingly, that payment of tax is a duty of citizenship. On the negative side, they know that the law requires payment, that evasion is a crime, and that willful failure to pay taxes is punishable by fines or imprisonment. The practical questions for tax administration are how to strengthen each of these motives to comply with the law. How much should be spent on enforcement and how should enforcement be organized to promote these objectives and achieve the best results per dollar spent? Over the last few years, the U.S. Congress has restricted spending on tax administration, forcing the Internal Revenue Service to curtail enforcement activities, at the same time, that the number of individual filers has increased, tax rules have become more complex, and more business have become multinational operations. But if too many cases of tax evasion go undetected and unpunished, those who may have grudgingly paid their taxes may soon find it easier to join the scofflaws. These events in combination have created a genuine crisis in tax administration. The chapters in this volume evaluate the capacity of authorities to enforce the tax laws in a modern, global economy and examine the implications of failing to do so. Specific aspects of tax law, including tax shelters, issues relating to small businesses, tax software, role of tax preparers, and the objectives of tax simplification are examined in detail. The volume also builds a conceptual basis for future scholarship, with regard not only to tax administration, but also to such fundamental questions as whether taxpayers respond mostly to economic incentives or are influenced by their experiences with the filing process and what is the proper framework for evaluating the allocation of resources within the IRS.

Download or read book Accounting for Income Taxes written by John R. Graham and published by Now Pub. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting for Income Taxes is the most comprehensive review of AFIT research. It is designed both to introduce new scholars to this field and to encourage active researchers to expand frontiers related to accounting for income taxes. Accounting for Income Taxes includes both a primer about the rules governing AFIT (Sections 3-4) and a review of the scholarly studies in the field (Sections 5-8). The primer uses accessible examples and clear language to express essential AFIT rules and institutional features. Section 3 reviews the basic rules and institutional details governing AFIT. Section 4 discusses ways that researchers, policymakers, and other interested parties can use the tax information in financial statements to better approximate information in the tax return. The second half of the monograph reviews the extant scholarly studies by splitting the research literature into four topics: earnings management, the association between book-tax differences and earnings characteristics, the equity market pricing of information in the tax accounts, and book-tax conformity. Section 5 focuses on the use of the tax accounts to manage earnings through the valuation allowance, the income tax contingency, and permanently reinvested foreign earnings. Section 6 discusses the association between book-tax differences and earnings characteristics, namely earnings growth and earnings persistence. Section 7 explores how tax information is reflected in share prices. Section 8 reviews the increased alignment of accounting for book purposes and tax purposes. The remainder of the paper focuses on topics of general interest in the economics and econometric literatures. Section 9 highlights some issues of general importance including a theoretical framework to interpret and guide empirical AFIT studies, the disaggregated components of book-tax differences and research opportunities as the U.S. moves toward International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Section 10 discusses econometric weaknesses that are common in AFIT research and proposes ways to mitigate their deleterious effects.

Download or read book Advances in Taxation written by John Hasseldine and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2023-06-16 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the latest volume of Advances in Taxation, editor John Hasseldine includes studies from expert contributors to explore topics such as: the stock market reaction to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; strategic repatriations made by firms; and corporate social responsibility and tax planning.

Download or read book Government Auditing Standards written by Government Accounting Office and published by www.Militarybookshop.CompanyUK. This book was released on 2012 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Newly revised in 2011. Contains the auditing standards promulgated by the Comptroller General of the United States. Known as the Yellow Book. Includes the professional standards and guidance, commonly referred to as generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS), which provide a framework for conducting high quality government audits and attestation engagements with competence, integrity, objectivity, and independence. These standards are for use by auditors of government entities and entities that receive government awards and audit organizations performing GAGAS audits and attestation engagements.

Download or read book Propensity Score Analysis written by Shenyang Guo and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2015 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides readers with a systematic review of the origins, history, and statistical foundations of Propensity Score Analysis (PSA) and illustrates how it can be used for solving evaluation and causal-inference problems.

Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.

Download or read book Stata Technical Bulletin Reprints written by StataCorp LP and published by Stata Press. This book was released on 1994-05 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Sustainable Management written by Samuel Idowu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-21 with total page 4043 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This encyclopedia is the most comprehensive and up-to-date source of reference for sustainability in business and management. It covers both traditional and emerging concepts and terms and is fully international in its scope. More than 700 contributions of internationally renowned experts provide a definitive access to the knowledge in the area of sustainable and responsible management. All actors in the field will find reliable and up to date definitions and explanations of the key terms and concepts of management in this reference work. The Encyclopedia of Sustainable Management represents all aspects of management and business conduct. It takes sustainability as a management concept that gives due credit to the complexity and diverging constraints in which businesses and corporations act today, and it emphasizes and focuses approaches that help ensure that today's management decisions and actions will be the basis for tomorrow's prosperity.

Download or read book Summary of the Accounting Establishment written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations. Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, and Management and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Comparative Look at Regulation of Corporate Tax Avoidance written by Karen B. Brown and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-10 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a fascinating look at the anti-tax avoidance strategies employed by more than fifteen countries in eastern and western Europe, Canada, the Pacific Rim, Asia, Africa, and the United States. It surveys the similarities and differences in anti-avoidance regimes and contains detailed chapters for each country surveying the moral and legal dimensions of the problem. The proliferation of tax avoidance schemes in recent years signals the global dimensions of a problem presenting a serious challenge to the effective administration of tax laws. Tax avoidance involves unacceptable manipulation of the law to obtain a tax advantage. These transactions support wasteful behavior in which corporations enter into elaborate, circuitous arrangements solely to minimize tax liability. It frustrates the ability of governments to collect sufficient revenue to provide essential public goods and services. Avoidance of duly enacted provisions (or manipulation to secure tax benefits unintended by the legislature) poses a threat to the effective operation of a free society for the benefit of a small group of members who seek the privilege of shifting their tax burden onto others merely to compete in the world of commerce. In a world in which world treasuries struggle for the resources to battle terrorist threats and to secure a decent standard of living for constituents tax avoidance can bring economies close to the edge of sustainability. As tax avoidance is one of the top concerns of most nations, the importance of this work cannot be overstated.

Download or read book The Federal Reserve System Purposes and Functions written by Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an in-depth overview of the Federal Reserve System, including information about monetary policy and the economy, the Federal Reserve in the international sphere, supervision and regulation, consumer and community affairs and services offered by Reserve Banks. Contains several appendixes, including a brief explanation of Federal Reserve regulations, a glossary of terms, and a list of additional publications.