Download or read book Tax Reform and Revenue Productivity in Ghana written by Newman Kwadwo Kusi and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Taxation and Fiscal Reform in Ghana written by Tony Addison and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To finance basic pro-poor services, the Government of Ghana must mobilize more public revenue. But tax reform has been highly controversial in Ghana. An attempt to introduce VAT in 1995 failed after widespread protests. Although a second attempt to introduce VAT in 1998 succeeded, strong resistance to tax reform remains, and the total tax base remains narrow and over-dependent on petroleum taxes. This paper argues that slow progress in public expenditure reform, in particular in raising spending on basic services, has impeded the public's willingness to pay taxes, since many people see little benefit. This is especially the case in the poorer regions, which in addition have borne the brunt of the rising petroleum tax. The paper concludes that much more attention must be given to the political economy of fiscal policy in Ghana, if lasting improvements to the fiscal system are to be achieved.
Download or read book Taxation and Fiscal Reform in Ghana written by Tony Addison and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Widening the Tax Base in Ghana s Informal Sector written by Juabin Matey and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 89, University of Cape Coast, course: Bachelor of commerce in accounting, language: English, abstract: Over the years, Ghana’s budgets have suffered perennial deficits partially on account of low domestic tax revenue mobilisation which statistically hover around 18% of Gross Domestic Product. Whilst this downside has several facets, one of the foremost remedies is protecting the domestic tax base. Widening the domestic tax base of the economy has been a subject matter that has received hefty attention of successive Governments over years in most parts of the world. As a matter of reality, various tax authorities in Ghana have created numerous efforts directed at mobilising as much as possible tax revenue to assist government expenditures on developmental, social, recurring and interventional projects over the years. These efforts of tax mobilisation are dear to governments for the achievements of fiscal consolidation and higher tax revenue to Gross Domestic Product ratio. Ghana Revenue Authority’s efforts are carefully crafted to tackle the informal sector where there are perceived revenue leakages but still struggling as a result of the inadequacies of the current tax structure to efficiently mobilise revenue from certain industries and sectors of the economy. The concept of the informal sector with its tax liability is considered as a social model mainly used for small, medium and micro enterprises that are quite difficult to be captured by the operations of tax authorities. It is evidently a fact therefore that though the government needs to mobilise tax revenue quite on the aggressive side, tax increases have a decline effect on upper-income households’ reported taxable income and indeed more than, decrease moderate-income households’ reported income. This is not because upper-income households choose to work less, but because they take advantage of their greater capacity to shift income from one category to another or one time period to another to reduce their taxes. Consequently, Fieldhouse reiterates that, raising tax rates while broadening the tax base through tax elimination and expenditures in the form of deductions, exclusions, exemptions, and preferential treatment of capital income against labour efforts and improving tax enforcement to minimize this avoidance thus could deter inefficient allocations of capital that are made simply for tax purposes.
Download or read book Lessons of Tax Reform written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Reforms in Tanzania written by Nehemiah E. Osoro and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Reforms and Revenue Mobilization in Kenya written by Moses Kinyanjui Muriithi and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ghana written by Seth E. Terkper and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OECD Tax Policy Studies Tax Policy Reform and Economic Growth written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-03 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report investigates how tax structures can best be designed to support GDP per capita growth.
Download or read book Taxation Responsiveness and Accountability in Sub Saharan Africa written by Wilson Prichard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-11 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is increasingly argued that bargaining between citizens and governments over tax collection can provide a foundation for the development of responsive and accountable governance in developing countries. However, while intuitively attractive, surprisingly little research has captured the reality and complexity of this relationship in practice. This book provides the most complete treatment of the connections between taxation and accountability in developing countries, providing both new evidence and an invaluable starting point for future research. Drawing on cross-country econometric evidence and detailed case studies from Ghana, Kenya and Ethiopia, Wilson Prichard shows that reliance on taxation has, in fact, increased responsiveness and accountability by expanding the political power wielded by taxpayers. Critically, however, processes of tax bargaining have been highly varied, frequently long term and contextually contingent. Capturing this diversity provides novel insight into politics in developing countries and how tax reform can be designed to encourage broader governance gains.
Download or read book Revenue Mobilization in Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-08-03 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fund has long played a lead role in supporting developing countries’ efforts to improve their revenue mobilization. This paper draws on that experience to review issues and good practice, and to assess prospects in this key area.
Download or read book Designing a Tax Administration Reform Strategy written by Ms.Katherine Baer and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-03-01 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on previous FAD work in the tax administration field, this paper defines broad criteria for diagnosing the problems in a country’s tax administration and formulating an appropriate reform strategy. To be effective, this strategy should be based on the size of the tax gap and the country’s particular circumstances. This paper discusses some guiding principles which have provided the basis for successful reforms, including: reducing the tax system’s complexity, encouraging taxpayers’ voluntary compliance, differentiating the treatment of taxpayers by their revenue potential, and ensuring the reform’s effective management. Also discussed are specific bottlenecks that hinder the effectiveness of the tax administration’s operations.
Download or read book Brazil Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform written by Maria Delgado Coelho and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The excessive complexity and burden of the Brazilian tax system, riddled by cumulative indirect taxes and heavy payroll contributions, have led to an accumulation of fiscal incentives aimed at reducing its burden on taxpayers and productive activities. Federal and subnational tax expenditures currently stand at over 5 percent of GDP. Rationalizing them can only be comprehensively feasible in the context of a broader sequenced tax reform, and could reduce resource misallocation and income inequality, as well as provide new revenues.
Download or read book Tax Administration Reform in China written by John Brondolo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-17 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax administration improvements have contributed significantly to a doubling of China’s tax-to-GDP ratio and the substantial reduction in taxpayers’ compliance costs since the mid-1990s. This paper describes the key features of China’s tax administration and their evolution over the last 20 years. It also identifes emerging challenges to the tax system and areas where further tax administration improvements are needed to sustain tax revenue and reduce taxpayers’ compliance costs in the future.
Download or read book Taxation and State Building in Developing Countries written by Deborah Brautigam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-10 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a widespread concern that, in some parts of the world, governments are unable to exercise effective authority. When governments fail, more sinister forces thrive: warlords, arms smugglers, narcotics enterprises, kidnap gangs, terrorist networks, armed militias. Why do governments fail? This book explores an old idea that has returned to prominence: that authority, effectiveness, accountability and responsiveness is closely related to the ways in which governments are financed. It matters that governments tax their citizens rather than live from oil revenues and foreign aid, and it matters how they tax them. Taxation stimulates demands for representation, and an effective revenue authority is the central pillar of state capacity. Using case studies from Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America, this book presents and evaluates these arguments, updates theories derived from European history in the light of conditions in contemporary poorer countries, and draws conclusions for policy-makers.
Download or read book Fiscal Policies for Development and Climate Action written by Miria A. Pigato and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-12-31 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides actionable advice on how to design and implement fiscal policies for both development and climate action. Building on more than two decades of research in development and environmental economics, it argues that well-designed environmental tax reforms are especially valuable in developing countries, where they can reduce emissions, increase domestic revenues, and generate positive welfare effects such as cleaner water, safer roads, and improvements in human health. Moreover, these reforms need not harm competitiveness. New empirical evidence from Indonesia and Mexico suggests that under certain conditions, raising fuel prices can actually increase firm productivity. Finally, the report discusses the role of fiscal policy in strengthening resilience to climate change. It provides evidence that preventive public investments and measures to build fiscal buffers can help safeguard stability and growth in the face of rising climate risks. In this way, environmental tax reforms and climate risk-management strategies can lay the much-needed fiscal foundation for development and climate action.
Download or read book How Buoyant is the Tax System New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel written by Mr.Paolo Dudine and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-01-19 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we provide short- and long-run tax buoyancy estimates for 107 countries (distributed between advanced, emerging and low-income) for the period 1980–2014. By means of Fully-Modified OLS and (Pooled) Mean Group estimators, we find that: i) for advanced economies both long-run and short-run buoyancies are not different from one; ii) long run tax buoyancy exceeds one in the case of CIT for advanced economies, PIT and SSC in emerging markets, and TGS for low income countries, iii) in advanced countries (emerging market economies) CIT (CIT and TGS) buoyancy is larger during contractions than during times of economic expansions; iv) both trade openness and human capital increase buoyancy while inflation and output volatility decrease it.
