Download or read book Tax Progressivity and Income Inequality written by Joel Slemrod and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-10-13 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assembles nine papers on tax progressivity and its relationship to income inequality, written by leading public finance economists. The papers document the changes during the 1980s in progressivity at the federal, state, and local level in the US. One chapter investigates the extent to which the declining progressivity contributed to the well-documented increase in income inequality over the past two decades, while others investigate the economic impact and cost of progressive tax systems. Special attention is given to the behavioral response to taxation of high-income individuals, portfolio behavior, and the taxation of capital gains. The concluding set of essays addresses the contentious issue of what constitutes a 'fair' tax system, contrasting public attitudes towards alternative tax systems to economists' notions of fairness. Each essay is followed by remarks of a commentator plus a summary of the discussion among contributors.
Download or read book Tax Progressivity and Income Inequality written by Joel Slemrod and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Progressivity and Income Distribution written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inequality and Optimal Redistributive Tax and Transfer Policies written by Mr.Howell H. Zee and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-04-01 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores the revenue-raising aspect of progressive taxation and derives, on the basis of a simple model, the optimal degree of tax progressivity where the tax revenue is used exclusively to finance (perfectly) targeted transfers to the poor. The paper shows that not only would it be optimal to finance the targeted transfers with progressive taxation, but that the optimal progressivity increases unambiguously with growing income inequality. This conclusion holds up under different assumptions about the efficiency cost of taxation and society’s aversion to inequality.
Download or read book Personal Income Tax Progressivity Trends and Implications written by Claudia Gerber and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-11-20 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses how the structure of the tax system affects its progressivity. It suggests a measure of progressive capacity of tax systems, based on the Kakwani index, but independent of pre-tax income distributions. Using this and other progressivity measures, the paper (i) documents a decline in progressivity over the last decades and (ii) examines the relationship between progressivity and economic growth. Regressions do not reveal a significant impact of progressivity on growth, suggesting that efficiency costs of progressivity may be small—at least for degrees of progressivity observed in the sample.
Download or read book The Political Economy of Inequality written by Sisay Asefa and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book encapsulates the six papers delivered during the 54th Werner Sichel Lecture Series, held on the campus of Western Michigan University during the academic year 2017-2018. The book's title is taken from the theme for that year's lecture series, "The Political Economy of Inequality: U.S. and Global Dimensions.""--
Download or read book Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Top Incomes written by A. B. Atkinson and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rapidly growing area of economic research investigates the top of the income distribution using data from income tax records. This volume brings together studies of top incomes for twelve countries from around the world, including China, India, Japan, Argentina and Indonesia. Together with the first volume, published in 2007, the studies cover twenty two countries. They have a long time span, the earliest data relating to 1875 (for Norway), allowing recent developments to be placed in historical perspective. The volume describes in detail the source data and the methods employed. It will be an invaluable reference source for researchers in the field. Individual country chapters deal with the specific nature of the data for each of the countries, and describe the long-term evolution of top income shares. In the countries as a whole, dramatic changes have taken place at the top of the income distribution. Over the first part of the century, top income shares fell markedly. This largely took the form of a reduction in capital incomes. The different authors examine the impact of the First and Second World Wars, contrasting countries that were and were not engaged. They consider the impact of depressions and banking crises, and pay particular attention to the impact of progressive taxation. In the last 30 years, the shares of top incomes have increased markedly in the US and other Anglo-Saxon countries, reflecting the increased dispersion of earnings. The volume includes statistics on the much-discussed top pay and bonuses, providing a global perspective that discusses important differences between countries such as the lesser increase in Continental Europe. This book, together with volume 1, documents this interesting development and explores the underlying causes. The findings are brought together in a final summary chapter by Atkinson, Piketty and Saez.
Download or read book Measuring Income Inequality and Tax Progressivity written by John Creedy and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Progressivity and Income Distribution House of Representatives Committee on Ways and Means written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Distributional Impact of Taxes and Transfers written by Gabriela Inchauste and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Bank has partnered with the Commitment to Equity Institute at Tulane University to implement their diagnostic tool—the Commitment to Equity (CEQ) Assessment—designed to assess how taxation and public expenditures affect income inequality, poverty, and different economic groups. The approach relies on comprehensive fiscal incidence analysis, which measures the contribution of each individual intervention to poverty and inequality reduction as well as the combined impact of taxes and social spending. The CEQ Assessment provide an evidence base upon which alternative reform options can be analyzed. The use of a common methodology makes the results comparable across countries. This volume presents eight country studies that examine the distributional effects of individual programs and policy measures—and the net effect of each country’s mix of policies and programs. These case studies were produced in the context of Bank policy dialogue and have since been used to propose alternative reform options.
Download or read book Taxation Poverty and Income Distribution written by John Creedy and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book includes twelve essays examining various issues relating to income taxation and its redistributive effect, as well as problems in the measuremant of poverty and inequality.
Download or read book The Triumph of Injustice How the Rich Dodge Taxes and How to Make Them Pay written by Emmanuel Saez and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2019-10-15 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America’s runaway inequality has an engine: our unjust tax system. Even as they became fabulously wealthy, the ultra-rich have had their taxes collapse to levels last seen in the 1920s. Meanwhile, working-class Americans have been asked to pay more. The Triumph of Injustice presents a forensic investigation into this dramatic transformation, written by two economists who revolutionized the study of inequality. Eschewing anecdotes and case studies, Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman offer a comprehensive view of America’s tax system, based on new statistics covering all taxes paid at all levels of government. Their conclusion? For the first time in more than a century, billionaires now pay lower tax rates than their secretaries. Blending history and cutting-edge economic analysis, and writing in lively and jargon-free prose, Saez and Zucman dissect the deliberate choices (and sins of indecision) that have brought us to today: the gradual exemption of capital owners; the surge of a new tax avoidance industry, and the spiral of tax competition among nations. With clarity and concision, they explain how America turned away from the most progressive tax system in history to embrace policies that only serve to compound the wealth of a few. But The Triumph of Injustice is much more than a laser-sharp analysis of one of the great political and intellectual failures of our time. Saez and Zucman propose a visionary, democratic, and practical reinvention of taxes, outlining reforms that can allow tax justice to triumph in today’s globalized world and democracy to prevail over concentrated wealth. A pioneering companion website allows anyone to evaluate proposals made by the authors, and to develop their own alternative tax reform at taxjusticenow.org.
Download or read book Income Tax Progressivity and Income Inequality written by Simegn Nigusse and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-10-08 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists justify fair taxation in different ways. one of these approaches is the "utilitarian" approach that argues the amount of tax levied should be based on additional utility that a person may derive from consumption of valuable goods. But, the level of marginal utility for owning money differ from other commodities so that it is inapplicable. On the other hand, the assignments of specific tax should be associated with the benefits that a taxpayer drive from public institutes is also injustice as it cannot assess all individuals those who may not stand at the door of government offices for that tax period. The remaining is the "ability to pay" principle, which importantly lies on the amount of taxable income that the taxpayer earn in the tax period.It is true that individuals that derive similar income should bear similar tax burden horizontal equity, and those who earn more should bear more tax burden. Nonetheless, it is not an easy task to measure the capacity of individuals only on the amount of their earnings as it does not account the number of dependents that the taxpayer may support.
Download or read book Does Growing Inequality Reduce Tax Progressivity written by Joel Slemrod and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores the links between two phenomena of the past two decades: striking increase in the inequality of pre-tax incomes, and the failure of tax-and-transfer progressivity to increase. We emphasize the causal links going from inequality to progressivity, noting that optimal taxation theory predicts that growing inequality should increase progressivity. We discuss public choice alternatives to the optimal progressivity framework. The paper also addresses the opposite causal direction: that it is changes in taxation that have caused an apparent increase in inequality. Finally, we discuss the non-event-study' offered by the large changes in the distribution of income--with no major tax changes-- since 1995, and discuss its implications for the link between progressivity and inequality.
Download or read book The Distribution and Redistribution of Income written by Peter J. Lambert and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Progressivity and Income Inequality written by Denvil Duncan and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines whether income inequality is affected by the structural progressivity of national income tax systems. Using detailed personal income tax schedules for a large panel of countries, we develop and estimate comprehensive, time-varying measures of structural progressivity of national income tax systems over the 1981-2005 period. We find that while progressivity reduces observed inequality in reported gross and net income, it has a significantly smaller impact on true inequality, approximated by consumption-based measures of Gini. We show theoretically and empirically that, under specific conditions, tax progressivity may increase actual inequality, especially in countries with weak law and order and a large informal nontaxable sector. The paper discusses implications of these results for increasingly popular flat tax policies. The Kuznets hypothesis is also supported by the estimates.
