Download or read book Tax Preferences for Collegiate Sports written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-04 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colleges and universities generally qualify for preferential treatment under the federal income tax because their educational mission has important benefits for the public. The large sums generated through advertising and media rights by schools with competitive sports programs raise the questions of whether those sports programs have become side businesses for schools and, if they have, whether the same tax preferences should apply to them as to schools in general. This report compares athletic departments⿿ share of revenue from commercial sources with that of the rest of the schools⿿ activities to assess the degree of their commercialization. It also discusses the benefits of intercollegiate sports programs. Charts and tables.
Download or read book Tax Preferences for Collegiate Sports written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Preferences for Collegiate Sports written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Professional and Collegiate Sports written by Thomas M. Miller and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an examination of professional and legal sports today with a focus on the congressional response to selected work stoppages in professional sports; the manufacturing, licensing and marketing of team and league-logoed and trademarked clothing and merchandise; and the issue of tax preferences for collegiate sports.
Download or read book Professional and Collegiate Sports written by Thomas M. Miller and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book This Is Our House The Tax Man Comes to College Sports written by Kathryn Kisska-Schulze and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On December 22, 2017 President Trump signed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA). Prior to January 1, 2018, college athletics had historically enjoyed favorable federal tax treatment due to the tax-exempt status of universities, athletic departments, and the NCAA. However, following the TCJA's implementation college sports took a direct tax hit for the first time in almost thirty years. Amid the mounting legal issues now enveloping college athletics, colleges and universities must also prepare for the financial impact that the TCJA could have on their athletic programs moving forward. This article (I) provides a history of the big business of college sports and early efforts to impose federal taxation on the industry, (II) reviews the applicable TCJA sections that may have a direct or indirect effect on U.S. college athletics, and (III) concludes that universities and their athletic departments must begin to account for and strategize plans to protect themselves from the financial impact of the TCJA.
Download or read book Taking the Student Out of Student Athlete written by Erik M. Jensen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A recent decision by a National Labor Relations Board regional director, concluding that football players at Northwestern University are employees for purposes of the National Labor Relations Act, could have spillover effects in tax law. This article considers whether severing the connection between participation in athletics and the educational function of a university -- i.e., ending the pretense that athletes are student athletes -- could lead to imposition of the unrelated business income tax (UBIT) on the net revenue of some intercollegiate teams at big-time athletic colleges.
Download or read book College Sports Inc written by Frank P. Jozsa Jr. and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-24 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For several decades in America, athletic programs in colleges and universities received financial support and resources primarily from their respective schools and such sources as alumni and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). More recently, however, college coaches assigned to athletic departments and the presidents and marketing or public relations officials of schools organize, initiate, and participate in fund-raising campaigns and thus obtain a portion of revenue for their sports programs from local, regional and national businesses, and from other private donors, groups, and organizations. Because of this inflow of assets and financial capital, intercollegiate athletic budgets and types of sports expanded and in turn, these programs became increasingly important, popular, and reputable as revenue and cost centers within American schools of higher education.
Download or read book The Business of Sports written by Scott Rosner and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Business of Sports, Second Edition is a comprehensive collection of readings that focus on the multibillion-dollar sports industry and the dilemmas faced by todays sports business leaders. It contains a dynamic set of readings to provide a complete overview of major sports business issues. The Second Edition covers professional, Olympic, and collegiate sports, and highlights the major issues that impact each of these broad categories. The Second Edition continue to provide insight from a variety of stakeholders in the industry and cover the major business disciplines of management, marketing, finance, information technology, accounting, ethics and law. In addition, it features concise introductions, targeted discussion questions, and graphs and tables to convey relevant financial data and other statistics discussed. This book is designed for current and future sports business leaders as well as those interested in the inner-workings of the industry.
Download or read book Ending the Sweetheart Deal Between Big Time College Sports and the Tax System written by Richard Schmalbeck and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper was prepared for the annual conference of the National Center for Philanthropy and Law, held at the NYU Law School, held October 24-25, 2013. The overall topic was “Tax Issues Affecting Colleges and Universities,” and I was asked to address specifically those issues relating to athletics. This paper considers two specific issues that have in common only that they involve college sports, and are plagued by egregiously bad, (in this case, egregiously generous), tax treatment: the failure of the IRS to regard any part of the revenue from college sports as unrelated business income, and the choice by Congress to allow taxpayers to deduct 80% of contributions that they make to colleges or their “booster clubs,” even when those contributions entitle the donors to special privileges in purchasing tickets to college athletic events. Most readers are probably familiar with the general rules regarding charitable contributions deductions, but a word about the unrelated business income tax may be helpful. An organization may qualify (or continue to qualify) as a tax-exempt organization, eligible to receive tax-deductible contributions, if its activities are primarily charitable. However, if the organization regularly carries on trade or business activities that are unrelated to its exempt purpose, the income from those activities is subject to federal income taxation at the same rates applicable to for-profit corporations. Although those rates are low for small businesses (those earning less than $75,000 per year), corporate earnings in excess of that amount are taxed at a rate of 34% on up to ten million dollars of income, and 35% beyond that amount. The unrelated business income tax raises very little revenue, but is thought to have an in terrorem effect, discouraging nonprofit organizations from engaging in unrelated business activities. While the unrelated business tax exists primarily because of Congressional concerns about unfair competition with for-profit businesses, a better description of its actual effect is that it discourages nonprofit organizations from pursuit of business activities that do not further any exempt purpose.
Download or read book From Student Athletes to Employee Athletes written by Marc Edelman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, numerous commentators have called for the National Collegiate Athletic Association (“NCAA”) to relax its rules prohibiting athlete pay. This movement to allow athletes to share in the revenues of college sports arises from the belief that college athletes sacrifice too much time, personal autonomy, and physical health to justify their lack of pay. It further criticizes the NCAA's “no pay” rules for keeping the revenues derived from college sports “in the hands of a select few administrators, athletic directors, and coaches.” Nevertheless, opponents of “pay for play” cite to numerous problems that they believe will emerge from lifting the NCAA's “no pay” rules. Among these problems, they argue that granting college athletes the legal status of “employees” would convert the athletes' tax-exempt scholarships into taxable income - a result that may offset any economic benefits of “pay for play.” Their argument, however, is not necessarily accurate. This article explains why a “pay for play” model of college sports would not necessarily require college athletes to pay taxes on their educational scholarships. Part I of this article discusses the economic and legal landscape of big-time college sports, and introduces the fallacious legal argument that “pay for play” would saddle college athletes with substantial tax liability related to their educational scholarships. Part II provides a brief primer on the U.S. tax code - exploring sections of the code that may allow for paid college athletes to enjoy a tax-free education. Finally, Part III explores how, with proper tax planning, colleges may provide their athletes with bona fide employment contracts that do not likely risk the tax-exempt status of athletes' college scholarships.
Download or read book Show Me the Money Analyzing the Potential State Tax Implications of Paying Student Athletes written by Kathryn Kisska-Schulze and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On March 26, 2014, the Chicago district (Region 13) of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) ruled that Northwestern University football players qualify as employees and can unionize and bargain collectively, a decision which contravenes the National Collegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA) core principle of amateurism. Shortly after, Northwestern University filed an appeal with the NLRB in Washington, D.C. to quash the prior Region 13 decision. This case has added fuel to the longstanding debate over whether student-athletes should be paid. Amidst arguments both for and against supporting the pay-for-play model from a purely compensatory stance, there has been minimal focus on the realistic implications of paying student-athletes from an income tax perspective. The purpose of this article is to analyze the potential state income tax implications of paying student-athletes, and to address the impact that such taxes could have on the world of college athletics. As such, this article explores the history of the pay-for-play model and its relationship to the NCAA, analyzes the potential impact which state income taxes may have on college athletics should student-athletes be paid, and concludes that from a state income tax perspective, paying student-athletes will have a significant effect on the world of college sports.
Download or read book Introduction to Intercollegiate Athletics written by Eddie Comeaux and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2015-03 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intercollegiate athletics continue to bedevil American higher education. This book explores the complexities of intercollegiate athletics while explaining the organizational structures, key players, terms, and important issues relevant to the growing fields of recreational studies, sports management, and athletic administration.
Download or read book Whither College Sports written by Andrew Zimbalist and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-12 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intercollegiate athletics is under assault from all sides. Its economic model is yielding increasing and unsustainable deficits and widening inequality. Coaches and athletic directors are the highest paid employees at FBS universities (NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision) by factors of five to ten, or more. Athletes are being cheated on their promised education, do not receive adequate medical care, and are not allowed to receive cash income. Substantial change, either toward reasserting the intended primacy of education for intercollegiate athletes or a further surrender to commercialism, is coming. This book lays out the starkly different paths that college sports reform can follow and what the ramifications will be on the athletes and on the institutions in which they are enrolled.
Download or read book Global Corruption Report Sport written by Transparency International and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-05 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sport is a global phenomenon engaging billions of people and generating annual revenues of more than US$ 145 billion. Problems in the governance of sports organisations, fixing of matches and staging of major sporting events have spurred action on many fronts. Yet attempts to stop corruption in sport are still at an early stage. The Global Corruption Report (GCR) on sport is the most comprehensive analysis of sports corruption to date. It consists of more than 60 contributions from leading experts in the fields of corruption and sport, from sports organisations, governments, multilateral institutions, sponsors, athletes, supporters, academia and the wider anti-corruption movement. This GCR provides essential analysis for understanding the corruption risks in sport, focusing on sports governance, the business of sport, planning of major events, and match-fixing. It highlights the significant work that has already been done and presents new approaches to strengthening integrity in sport. In addition to measuring transparency and accountability, the GCR gives priority to participation, from sponsors to athletes to supporters an essential to restoring trust in sport.
Download or read book Budget Options written by United States. Congressional Budget Office and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unwinding Madness written by Gerald S. Gurney and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2016-12-13 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical look at the tension between the larger role of the university and the commercialization of college sports Unwinding Madness is the most comprehensive examination to date of how the NCAA has lost its way in the governance of intercollegiate athletics—and why it is incapable of achieving reform and must be replaced. The NCAA has placed commercial success above its responsibilities to protect the academic primacy, health and well-being of college athletes and fallen into an educational, ethical, and economic crisis. As long as intercollegiate athletics reside in the higher education environment, these programs must be academically compatible with their larger institutions, subordinate to their educational mission, and defensible from a not-for-profit organizational standpoint. The issue has never been a matter of whether intercollegiate athletics belongs in higher education as an extracurricular offering. Rather, the perennial challenge has been how these programs have been governed and conducted. The authors propose detailed solutions, starting with the creation of a new national governance organization to replace the NCAA. At the college level, these proposals will not diminish the revenue production capacity of sports programs but will restore academic integrity to the enterprise, provide fairer treatment of college athletes with better health protections, and restore the rights and freedoms of athletes, which have been taken away by a professionalized athletics mentality that controls the cost of its athlete labor force and overpays coaches and athletic directors. Unwinding Madness recognizes that there is no easy fix to the problems now facing college athletics. But the book does offer common sense, doable solutions that respect the rights of athletes, protects their health and well-being while delivering on the promise of a bona fide educational degree program.
