Download or read book Tartaric and Malic Acids in Synthesis written by Jacek Gawronski and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1999-02-17 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weinsäure- und Äpfelsäurederivate sind sehr nützliche Bausteine für die asymmetrische Synthese von großen organischen Molekülen. Diese sog. enantioselektiven Synthesen sind von größter Bedeutung in der Naturstoff-Forschung sowie in der Feinchemie und pharmazeutischen Industrie. Dieses Buch liefert einen genauen und umfassenden Überblick über die chemischen Eigenschaften und synthetischen Anwendungen aller Derivate der Wein- und Äpfelsäure. Ideal für alle, die auf diesem Gebiet arbeiten. Auch für Studenten! Es enthält Hunderte chemischer Reaktionen, 50 große Tabellen und 2.000 Verweise: Eine erschöpfende Behandlung von Struktur, Eigenschaften und synthetischen Anwendungen von 20 Derivatklassen der Wein- und Äpfelsäure. (02/99)
Download or read book Tartaric and Malic Acids in Synthesis written by Jacek Gawroński and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tartaric and Malic Acids in Synthesis provides chemists with a concise yet comprehensive, review of the chemical properties and synthetic applications of derivatives of tartaric and malic acids. Intended as a source of information and inspiration, it contains a gold mine of ideas on the use of tartaric and malic acids in synthesis not only as chiral building blocks, but as chiral ligands, auxiliaries, and resolving agents as well. Throughout, the primary focus is on four-carbon building blocks derived from tartaric and malic acids and their synthetically useful reactions. Tartaric and Malic Acids in Synthesis is a valuable working resource for chemists involved in the design of enantioselective syntheses. It is also an excellent supplementary text for graduate students of synthetic organic chemistry and natural products chemistry.
Download or read book Tartaric and malic acids in synthesis written by Jacek Gawroânski and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enological Chemistry written by Juan Moreno and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-05-30 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enological Chemistry is written for the professional enologist tasked with finding the right balance of compounds to create or improve wine products. Related titles lack the appropriate focus for this audience, according to reviewers, failing either to be as comprehensive on the topic of chemistry, to include chemistry as part of the broader science of wine, or targeting a less scientific audience and including social and historical information not directly pertinent to the understanding of the role of chemistry in successful wine production. The topics in the book have been sequenced identically with the steps of the winemaking process. Thus, the book describes the most salient compounds involved in each vinification process, their properties and their balance; also, theoretical knowledge is matched with its practical application. The primary aim is to enable the reader to identify the specific compounds behind enological properties and processes, their chemical balance and their influence on the analytical and sensory quality of wine, as well as the physical, chemical and microbiological factors that affect their evolution during the winemaking process. - Organized according to the winemaking process, guiding reader clearly to application of knowledge - Describes the most salient compounds involved in each step enabling readers to identify the specific compounds behind properties and processes and effectively work with them - Provides both theoretical knowledge and practical application providing a strong starting point for further research and development
Download or read book Grapes and Wines written by António M. Jordão and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-02-28 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book "Grapes and Wines: Advances in Production, Processing, Analysis, and Valorization" intends to provide to the reader a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art and different perspectives regarding the most recent knowledge related to grape and wine production. Thus, this book is composed of three different general sections: (1) Viticulture and Environmental Conditions, (2) Wine Production and Characterization, and (3) Economic Analysis and Valorization of Wine Products. Inside these 3 general sections, 16 different chapters provide current research on different topics of recent advances on production, processing, analysis, and valorization of grapes and wines. All chapters are written by a group of international researchers, in order to provide up-to-date reviews, overviews, and summaries of current research on the different dimensions of grape and wine production. This book is not only intended for technicians actively engaged in the field but also for students attending technical schools and/or universities and other professionals that might be interested in reading and learning about some fascinating areas of grape and wine research.
Download or read book The Genetic Basis of Acid Composition in Developing Berries of the Cultivated Grapevine Vitis Vinifera written by Emily Grace Higginson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grapevines contain many different organic acids and the two most abundant are tartaric acid and malic acid. Malic acid and tartaric acid both increase in concentration up until veraison then after veraison malic acid is broken down as sugar increases. Malic acid has been studied in a variety of fruits for it is a very common acid. However tartaric acid is an uncommon primary acid in fruits and very little is known about its synthesis in grapevine. However, tartaric acid is important in providing a low pH which is important for the prevention of microbial spoilage during the winemaking process. A high pH of juice means that more tartaric acid will need to be added in the winery increasing the cost to wine makers. By discovering more about the genes involved in the synthesis of malic and tartaric acid and the breakdown of malic acid this knowledge could be used to breed vines with higher acid concentrations. L-Idonate dehydrogenase (L-IDH) is one of only two genes known to participate in the tartaric acid synthesis pathway. Since its initial characterisation two more isoforms have been annotated in the grapevine genome based on sequence similarity. The characterisation of these isoforms was undertaken using a variety of techniques including expression of the proteins in E. coli and in vitro protein activity assays and also in planta expression in the microvine with the creation of transgenic microvines. To try and discover regions of the genome that might be involved in acid metabolism in grapevine berries, malic and tartaric acid concentrations were measured from four progeny populations. The individuals of these populations were then sequenced using a genotyping by sequencing method to find SNPs markers for a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS). This GWAS was then verified with genetic mapping and QTL analysis. During the process of measuring acid from these progeny populations the question of variability in acid concentration between berries from the same vine arose. A preliminary study into this variability was conducted to determine the variability of malic and tartaric acid in berries both within a bunch and between bunches from the same vine. This data was then used to predict the error in sampling subsets of berries of different sizes. Tartaric acid concentration in tissues other than the berry was also explored. Acid concentration was measured in several tissues including root, shoots and leaves. It was found that tartaric acid was present in these tissues with varying concentrations. Tartaric acid concentration in leaves was then studied further try see if there was a link between the age of the leaf and tartaric acid concentration and also between leaf tartaric acid concentration and berry tartaric acid concentration. There was found to be no link between the two in these preliminary studies.
Download or read book Carboxylic Acid written by Georgiana-Ileana Badea and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an attempt to bring together current knowledge on the role and importance of organic acids in life processes. There are lots of compounds based on the chemical nature of this functional group, which makes this class of molecules to be present in our lives starting with the human body (Krebs cycle - the core of cellular metabolism) to the products we currently use (food, medicines and cosmetics). No overall consensus is sought in this book, and the following chapters are authored by dedicated researchers presenting a diversity of applications and hypotheses concerning organic acids. The five chapters in this book include general information on carboxylic acids and their applications in life sciences (use in organic synthesis, nanotechnology, plant physiology, plant nutrition and soil chemistry).
Download or read book The Biochemistry of the Grape Berry written by Hernâni Gerós and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Grapes (Vitis spp.) are economically significant fruit species. Many scientific advances have been achieved in understanding physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of grape berry maturation. Some of these advances have led to the improvement of"
Download or read book The logic of chemical synthesis written by E.J. Corey and published by Рипол Классик. This book was released on 1991 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Enology Volume 1 written by Pascal Ribéreau-Gayon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-01 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "Microbiology" volume of the new revised and updated Handbook of Enology focuses on the vinification process. It describes how yeasts work and how they can be influenced to achieve better results. It continues to look at the metabolism of lactic acid bacterias and of acetic acid bacterias, and again, how can they be treated to avoid disasters in the winemaking process and how to achieve optimal results. The last chapters in the book deal with the use of sulfur-dioxide, the grape and its maturation process, harvest and pre-fermentation treatment, and the basis of red, white and speciality wine making. The result is the ultimate text and reference on the science and technology of the vinification process: understanding and dealing with yeasts and bacterias involved in the transformation from grape to wine. A must for all serious students and practitioners involved in winemaking.
Download or read book Recent Trends and Techniques in Plant Metabolic Engineering written by Sudesh Kumar Yadav and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remarkable research has yielded whole genome data in plants, resulting in the documentation of an ever-increasing number of genes, without establishing their functions. The huge data resources available at the genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome levels are of enormous value in the field of functional genomics. This book provides insights into interpreting the sea of data in order to understand basic and practical aspects of plant metabolic engineering. It discusses in detail ways to tap into this enormous pool of data to increase productivity, and offers information that is both interesting and necessary for exploring the manipulation of metabolic pathways. The interdisciplinary approaches presented here also serve as a source of ideas for practical applications.
Download or read book Horticultural Reviews Volume 45 written by Ian Warrington and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Horticultural Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on topics in horticultural science and technology covering both basic and applied research. Topics covered include the horticulture of fruits, vegetables, nut crops, and ornamentals. These review articles, written by world authorities, bridge the gap between the specialized researcher and the broader community of horticultural scientists and teachers.
Download or read book alpha Hydroxy Acids in Enantioselective Syntheses written by Gary M. Coppola and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 1997-03-27 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gary M. Coppola Herbert F. Schuster alpha;-Hydroxy Acids in Enantioselective Syntheses An ideal synthesis starts with readily accessible reagents and yields the target molecules in high optical purity. The naturally available alpha;-hydroxy acids, lactic, malic, mandelic and tartaric acids, provide the chemist with chiral building blocks for the introduction of one or more asymmetric centers into an organic molecule. This book not only supplies a comprehensive discussion of useful reactions but also demonstrates how complex molecules can have their origin in simple, readily accessible chirally pure starting materials. The authors, both practicing medicinal research chemists, aim at providing information for the design and synthesis of chiral molecules. A particularly attractive feature of this text is the excellent schemes used to illustrate the crucial transformations. All structures are represented in their absolute stereochemistry. Mechanisms as well as insights into the execution of a synthetic pathway are discussed concisely, with a focus on practical aspects. The authors have drawn on their years of writing experience to supply graduate students, research chemists and teachers alike with a gold mine of useful chemistry. Every synthetic chemist will want to have this invaluable resource at his or her disposal.
Download or read book Stereochemistry Workbook written by Karl-Heinz Hellwich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-11 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This workbook in stereochemistry is designed for students, lecturers and scientists in chemistry, pharmacy, biology and medicine who deal with chiral chemical compounds and their properties. It serves as a supplement to textbooks and seminars and thus provides selected examples for students to practice the use of the conventions and terminology for the exact three-dimensional description of chemical compounds. It contains 191 problems with extended solutions.
Download or read book Chiral Analysis written by Kenneth W. Busch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chiral Analysis covers an important area of analytical chemistry of relevance to a wide variety of scientific professionals. The target audience is scientific professionals with an undergraduate background in chemistry or a related discipline, specifically organic chemists, researchers in drug discovery, pharmaceutical researchers involved with process analysis or combinatorial libraries, and graduate students in chemistry. Chapters have been written with the nonspecialist in mind so as to be self-contained.* Broad coverage - spectroscopic and separation methods covered in a single volume* Up-to-date and detailed review of the various techniques available and/or under development in this field* Contributions from leading experts in the field
Download or read book Lactic Acid in the Food Industry written by Sara M. Ameen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief explores the importance of lactic acid and fermentation in the modern food industry. Although it is usually associated with milk and dairy products, lactic acid can also be found in many other fermented food products, including confectionery products, jams, frozen desserts, and pickled vegetables. In this work, the authors explain how lactic acid is produced from lactose by Lactobacillus and Streptococcus cultures, and they also emphasise its important role as pH regulator and preservative, helping to the inhibition of microbial growth in fermented foods. The Brief discusses a wide range of lactic acid’s applications as a natural additive, curing or gelling agent, flavour, food carrier, solvent, and discoloration inhibitor, among others. Readers will also find a brief overview of the current analytical methods for the quantitative and qualitative determination of lactic acid in foods.
Download or read book Wine Microbiology written by Kenneth C. Fugelsang and published by Рипол Классик. This book was released on 2007 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
