Download or read book Tariff Retaliation and Policy Equilibrium written by Kiyoski Kuga and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements written by Nuno Limão and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The authors analyze whether financial compensation is preferable to the current system of dispute settlement in the World Trade Organization that permits member countries to impose retaliatory tariffs in response to trade violations committed by other members. They show that monetary fines are more efficient than tariffs in terms of granting compensation to injured parties when there are violations in equilibrium. However, fines suffer from an enforcement problem since they must be paid by the violating country. If fines must ultimately be supported by the threat of retaliatory tariffs, they fail to yield a more cooperative outcome than the current system. The authors also consider the use of bonds as a means of settling disputes. If bonds can be posted with a third party, they do not have to be supported by retaliatory tariffs and can improve the negotiating position of countries that are too small to threaten tariff retaliation. "--World Bank web site.

Download or read book Retaliation Liberalization and Trade Wars written by David M. Gould and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Commercial Policy written by Kyle Bagwell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-11-02 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Commercial Policy explores three main topics that permeate the study of commercial policy. The first section presents a broad set of basic empirical facts regarding the pattern and evolution of commercial policy, with the second section investigating the crosscutting legal issues relating to the purpose and design of agreements. Finally, the third section covers key issues of commercial policy in the modern global economy. Every chapter in the book provides coverage from the perspectives of multilateral, and where appropriate, preferential trade agreements. While most other volumes are policy-oriented, this comprehensive guide explores the ways that intellectual thinking and rigor organize research, further making frontier-level synthesis and current theoretical and empirical research accessible to all. Covers the research areas that are critical for understanding how the world of commercial policy has changed, especially over the last 20 years Presents the way in which research on the topic have evolved Scrutinizes the economic modeling of bargaining and legal issues Useful for examining the theory and empirics of commercial policy

Download or read book Global Tariff War written by Ramesh Chandra Das and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Tariff War: Economic, Political and Social Implications traces the impacts that global tariff wars in international trade can have on the growth of national economies. Offering a range of perspectives from developing economies, this collection presents a unique insight into this complex area of geo-political and economic practice.

Download or read book Trade Theory and Econometrics written by James R. Melvin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together cutting edge contributions in the fields of international economics, micro theory, welfare economics and econometrics, with contributions from Donald R. Davis, Avinash K. Dixit, Tadashi Inoue, Ronald W. Jones, Dale W. Jorgenson, K. Rao Kadiyala, Murray C. Kemp, Kenneth M. Kletzer, Anne O. Krueger, Mukul Majumdar, Daniel McFadden, Lionel McKenzie, James R. Melvin, James C. Moore, Takashi Negishi, Yoshihiko Otani, Raymond Riezman, Paul A. Samuelson, Joaquim Silvestre and Marie Thursby.

Download or read book Interest Groups and Trade Policy written by Gene M. Grossman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gene Grossman and Elhanan Helpman are widely acclaimed for their pioneering theoretical studies of how special interest groups seek to influence the policymaking process in democratic societies. This collection of eight of their previously published articles is a companion to their recent monograph, Special Interest Politics. It clarifies the origins of some of the key ideas in their monograph and shows how their methods can be used to illuminate policymaking in a critical area. Following an original introduction to the contents of the book and its relationship to Special Interest Politics, the first three chapters focus on campaign contributions and candidate endorsements--two of the tools that interest groups use in their efforts to influence policy outcomes. The remaining chapters present applications to trade policy issues. Grossman and Helpman demonstrate how the approaches developed in their monograph can shed light on tariff formation in small and large countries, on the conduct of multilateral trade negotiations, and on the viability of bilateral free trade agreements. They also examine the forms that regional and multilateral trade agreements are likely to take and the ways in which firms invest abroad to circumvent trade barriers induced by political pressures. The articles collected in this volume are required reading for anyone interested in international relations, trade policy, or political economy. They show why Grossman and Helpman are global leaders in the fields of international economics and political economy.

Download or read book Clashing Over Commerce written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs

Download or read book Macroeconomic Consequences of Farm Support Policies written by A. B. Stoeckel and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural protectionism is a basic factor underlying the U.S. trade deficit, Third World debt, and global underemployment. Yet despite the seriousness of the problem and attention given to it by many researchers, little progress has been made in formulating and implementing policies to deal with it. The scholars and experts here assembled present for the first time a quantification and analysis of the impact upon the world economy of reduction or elimination of agricultural protectionism. They question why, give the magnitude of the problem, inferior policies endure despite the weight of evidence that they have failed. The answer they derive is that there is no general understanding of the true cost of the failure, and therefore it is necessary to initiate reform from outside agricultural circles.

Download or read book Trade in the 21st Century written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite troubled trade negotiations, global trade—and trade policy—will thrive in the twenty-first century, but with a bow to the past. Is the multilateral trading order of the twentieth century a historical artifact? Was the creation of the World Trade Organization in 1995 the high point of multilateral cooperation on trade? This new volume, edited by Bernard M. Hoekman and Ernesto Zedillo, assesses the relevance of the WTO in the context of the rise of China and the United States' turn toward unilateral protectionism. The contributors adopt a historical perspective to discuss changes in global trade policy trends, adducing lessons from the past to help understand current trade tensions. Topics include responses to U.S. protectionism under the Trump administration, the policy dimensions of trade in services and the rise of the digital economy, how to strengthen the WTO to better negotiate new rules of the game and adjudicate disputes, managing China's integration into the global trade system, and the implications of global value chains for economic development policies. By reflecting on past episodes of protectionism and how they were resolved, Trade in the 21st Century provides both context and guidance on how trade challenges can be addressed in the coming decades.

Download or read book The Macroeconomic Effects of Trade Tariffs written by Jesper Lindé and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-07-07 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the robustness of the Lerner symmetry result in an open economy New Keynesian model with price rigidities. While the Lerner symmetry result of no real effects of a combined import tariff and export subsidy holds up approximately for a number of alternative assumptions, we obtain quantitatively important long-term deviations under complete international asset markets. Direct pass-through of tariffs and subsidies to prices and slow exchange rate adjustment can also generate significant short-term deviations from Lerner. Finally, we quantify the macroeconomic costs of a trade war and find that they can be substantial, with permanently lower income and trade volumes. However, a fully symmetric retaliation to a unilaterally imposed border adjustment tax can prevent any real or nominal effects.

Download or read book Handbook of Commercial Policy written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-11-02 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Commercial Policy explores three main topics that permeate the study of commercial policy. The first section presents a broad set of basic empirical facts regarding the pattern and evolution of commercial policy, with the second section investigating the crosscutting legal issues relating to the purpose and design of agreements. Final sections cover key issues of commercial policy in the modern global economy. Every chapter in the book provides coverage from the perspectives of multilateral, and where appropriate, preferential trade agreements. While most other volumes are policy-oriented, this comprehensive guide explores the ways that intellectual thinking and rigor organize research, further making frontier-level synthesis and current theoretical, and empirical, research accessible to all. Covers the research areas that are critical for understanding how the world of commercial policy has changed, especially over the last 20 years Presents the way in which research on the topic has evolved Scrutinizes the economic modeling of bargaining and legal issues Useful for examining the theory and empirics of commercial policy

Download or read book Global Tariff War written by Ramesh Chandra Das and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Tariff War: Economic, Political and Social Implications traces the impacts that global tariff wars in international trade can have on the growth of national economies. Offering a range of perspectives from developing economies, this collection presents a unique insight into this complex area of geo-political and economic practice.

Download or read book Handbook on Trade Policy and Climate Change written by Jakob, Michael and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments in the academic debate on the numerous and complex linkages between international trade and climate change.

Download or read book Handbook of International Economics written by P.B. Kenen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1984-01-01 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook adopts a traditional definition of the subject, and focuses primarily on the explanation of international transactions in goods, services, and assets, and on the main domestic effects of those transactions. The first volume deals with the "real side" of international economics. It is concerned with the explanation of trade and factor flows, with their main effects on goods and factor prices, on the allocation of resources and income distribution and on economic welfare, and also with the effects on national policies designed explicitly to influence trade and factor flows. In other words, it deals chiefly with microeconomic issues and methods. The second volume deals with the "monetary side" of the subject. It is concerned with the balance of payments adjustment process under fixed exchange rates, with exchange rate determination under flexible exchange rates, and with the domestic ramifications of these phenomena. Accordingly, it deals mainly with macroeconomic issues, although microeconomic methods are frequently utilized, especially in work on expectations, asset markets, and exchange rate behavior. For more information on the Handbooks in Economics series, please see our home page on http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/hes

Download or read book Trade Policy and Market Structure written by Elhanan Helpman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1989-03-30 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This sequel to Market Structure and Foreign Trade examines the new international trade's applied side. It provides a compact guide to models of the effects of trade policy in imperfectly competitive markets, as well as an up-to-date survey of existing knowledge, which is extended by the authors' useful interpretations of the results.

Download or read book International Economics I written by John McMillan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most economic activity involves cross-border transactions at some point in the supply chain. The volumes reprinted here offer a wide range of perspectives on one of the most important areas of economics.