Download or read book Systematic Optimization of Vaporizing Foil Actuator Welding and Dynamic Science written by Yu Mao (Ph. D. in materials science) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lightweighting by material substitution has been a key strategy to improve fuel economy and achieve restricted global gas emissions. Coupled with lightweight designs, lightweight metals such as high-strength steel, aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys are increasingly applied in the automotive world. However, conventional joining technologies are not as capable for these new materials. Fusion based welding and friction stir welding are limited by the formation of heat affected zones (HAZ) and intermetallic compounds (IMC) for dissimilar joints, which dramatically downgrades the properties of the parent materials. Mechanical joining such as rivets incurs poor fatigue properties due to stress concentration and additional labor cost. Vaporizing Foil Actuator Welding (VFAW) is a novel impact welding technique for metal joining of moderate to small length scales developed at The Ohio State University. Via VFAW, similar and dissimilar metals can be joined with minimal to no melting at the interface, resulting in no HAZ and suppressed formation of IMC, and therefore the mechanical properties of the parent metals can be preserved. In this research, VFAW is comprehensively optimized in terms of welding capability, system and control, and processing characterization. Approaches including use of an intermediate layer, innovation of weld design, and adoption of chemical explosives are studied. With improved weld capability, high-strength dissimilar joining of various commercial high strength aluminum alloys (Al 5754, Al 5052, Al 5182, Al 6061, Al 7075, Aural 2) of at least 3 mm with high strength steel (HSLA 340, HSLA 420, 22MnB5) has been achieved. Welds of Al 7075 with metal matrix compound and self-joining of 3.175 mm thick full hardened stainless steel were also created with remarkable mechanical performance. Characterization including Lap shear test, tension-tension fatigue test, micro-hardness test, scanning electron microscopy, and photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV) are being applied to analyze the process. A vaporizing foil actuator driving projectile based rapid throughput system has been developed for shock and impact. Planar impact of S7 steel surface of 612 m/s and Al 6061 surface of 953 m/s have been accomplished. Applications including dynamic powder compaction (CP-Ti powder), impact welding (Cu110 with SS304), and impact weld based ballistic additive (BAM) manufacturing have been achieved. A numerical simulation method was developed with a Coupled Eulerian Language domain; using this approach, in-situ features including strain, stress, temperature and shape revolution during VFA BAM process were discovered. Additionally, the concept of impact based dynamic hardness has been studied with numerical methods including coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian finite element method and smoothed-particle hydrodynamics technique. The effects of impact velocity and size of the indenter on the dynamic hardness has been discovered.

Download or read book Aspects of Vaporizing Foil Actuator Welding for Practical Automotive Applications written by Angshuman Kapil and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by the need for global carbon footprint reduction, the automotive industries are increasingly focusing on lightweighting of vehicles. Use of multi-material combinations for body-in-white applications is one of the practical ways of accomplishing the broader goal of lightweighting. Over the past decade, the vehicular structure has seen progressive replacement of the more conventional low-carbon mild steels with a variety of advanced and ultrahigh-strength steels including Dual Phase (DP), high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) and boron, and also extensive integration of light metals, such as Al alloys. Development of strong, repeatable and dependable joints is crucial for the effective implementation of these multi-material combinations. Direct welding of disparate Al-steel combination is difficult to impossible through conventional fusion welding routes. Mechanical fastening and clinching techniques provide alternatives to fusion welding, however, there are stack-up feasibility limitations and addition of an externally exposed joining element adds weight and negates the larger goal of lightweighting as well as increases the susceptibility of the joint to galvanic corrosion. Solid-state welding technologies are good substitutes to fusion welding and mechanical fastening and clinching techniques and are currently being employed on a small scale in industries. Here, Vaporizing Foil Actuator Welding (VFAW), a variant of solid-state impact welding technique is being utilized to produce similar and dissimilar joints with materials relevant to the automotive industries. VFAW, a high-speed impact welding technique utilizes the very high pressures generated due to the rapid vaporization of a foil actuator to cause the impact of metal sheets to form nominally solid-state joints with little to no presence of heat affected zone, providing the process the ability to join a wide array of similar and dissimilar material pairs. The present study applies an adaptation of the VFAW technique to develop impact spot welding of similar and dissimilar Al and steel pairs. The VFAW process was benchmarked through mechanical testing (quasistatic and cyclic), microhardness mapping and microstructural comparison with resistance spot welding (RSW) for JSC590R-JSC590R and 6061-T6-6061-T6 joints. The results indicated that the VFAW welds had improved quasistatic mechanical properties and comparable fatigue strength compared to RSW joints for both the material combinations. Microhardness measurements in VFAW joints showed constant hardness values across the weld length signifying the absence of a heat affected zone, whereas softening was observed in RSW joints. Optical imaging revealed the homogeneity in microstructure of VFAW joints and the inhomogeneous distribution of the microstructure in RSW joints. Fatigue strength scaled with static strength in a predictable way and was mostly affected by the shape and type of notch formed at the end of the nugget. Following this, the effect of material age and different heat treatments (replicating the industrial procedures) on the weldability, joint properties and weld interface characteristics was studied for similar AA6111-T4-AA6111T4 pair. Lap-shear tests indicated that even after aging and varied heat treatments all samples had repeatable button pullout failure, the failure being governed by the thinning and tearing of the base metal around the weld nugget. The strength of the welds and the energy absorbed corresponding to the peak load varied with the heat treatments. Optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed re-solidified molten zones in the weld interface, and the extent and size of these zones varied with the heat treatments. Nanoindentation showed softening in these zones signifying presence of weld defects in the weld interior. After the successful implementation of the process for similar material joints, the work was focused on understanding the process-structure-property relationships in dissimilar Al-steel welds and also development of novel approaches for joining of high strength and ultrahigh-strength steels with a variety of faying surface conditions to heat treatable Al alloys. The process was characterized for Al6022-T4-DP980 welds via quantification of the incident angle and velocity of the flyer plate and their relations to the structure and properties of the joint were assessed. It was revealed that lower impact angles and higher impact velocities promoted interfacial failure due to increased melting, higher intermetallic thickness and lower wave amplitude and wavelength, whereas higher impact angles and lower velocities led to desirable button pullout failure. Based on these results, a new approach (asymmetric predeformation of target sheet) was developed that enabled for the first-time direct spot welding of coated steels (galvanized HSLA 350 and galvannealed DP590) to Al 6022-T4. The produced joints had better performance in most cases compared with other joining techniques, however the biggest outcome of this approach was the ability to weld without the use of inserts/interlayers and without any prior surface preparation. However, the developed approach produced joints with a protruded external surface and was limited to lower flyer sheet thicknesses. To alleviate these issues, another novel approach was developed wherein a pocket was machined on the faying surface of either of the mating members prior to welding. This approach allowed welding of bare, hot-dip galvanized and e-coated HSLA 340 steel to AA6111-T4, high pressure vacuum die cast Al alloy (Aural 2) to hot-dip galvanized HSLA 340 steel as well of ultrahigh-strength boron steel (Usibor 1500®) to Al 6022-T4 alloy. All the produced joints had repeatable failure loads and modes (button pullout) and comparable and in some cases better performance than other competing welding techniques. A significant outcome of the machined pocket welding approach was the ability to produce joints exhibiting flat external target surfaces with unperturbed coating, a potential enabler for mixed metal joining applications involving pre-treated, e-coated, or painted materials. The results presented in this thesis show that there are various ways to develop the VFAW process to create configurations that are both manufacturable and have outstanding design attributes. The conducted work indicates excellent promise for the development of robust welding pairs consisting a various grades of high and ultrahigh-strength steels and heat treatable and cast Al alloys. Future work will focus on ways of reducing the size of the weld spot to match industrial standards. Efforts will focus on utilizing the approach presented here to develop capability for welding on flanges, with the goal of achieving minimum possible flange length/width with maximum possible weld strength. VFAW compatibility with corrosion mitigation strategies including sealers/adhesives is critical and will be evaluated.

Download or read book Explosive Welding Forming and Compaction written by T.Z. Blazynski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last two decades have seen a steady and impressive development, and eventual industrial acceptance, of the high energy-rate manufact turing techniques based on the utilisation of energy available in an explo sive charge. Not only has it become economically viable to fabricate complex shapes and integrally bonded composites-which otherwise might not have been obtainable easily, if at all-but also a source of reasonably cheap energy and uniquely simple techniques, that often dispense with heavy equipment, have been made available to the engineer and applied scientist. The consolidation of theoretical knowledge and practical experience which we have witnessed in this area of activity in the last few years, combined with the growing industrial interest in the explosive forming, welding and compacting processes, makes it possible and also opportune to present, at this stage, an in-depth review of the state of the art. This book is a compendium of monographic contributions, each one of which represents a particular theoretical or industrial facet of the explosive operations. The contributions come from a number of practising engineers and scientists who seek to establish the present state of knowledge in the areas of the formation and propagation of shock and stress waves in metals, their metallurgical effects, and the methods of experimental assessment of these phenomena.

Download or read book Welding Processes Handbook written by Klas Weman and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Welding processes handbookis an introductory guide to all of the main welding processes. It is specifically designed for students on EWF courses and newcomers to welding and is suitable as a textbook for European welding courses in accordance with guidelines from the European Welding Federation. Welding processes and equipment necessary for each process are described so that they can be applied to all instruction levels required by the EWF and the important areas of welded joint design, quality assurance and costing are also covered in detail.

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Materials Design and Manufacturing for Sustainable Environment written by Santhakumar Mohan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-06 with total page 909 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises the select proceedings of the International Conference on Materials, Design and Manufacturing for Sustainable Environment (ICMDMSE 2020). The primary focus is on emerging materials and cutting-edge manufacturing technologies for sustainable environment. The book covers a wide range of topics such as advanced materials, vibration, tribology, finite element method (FEM), heat transfer, fluid mechanics, energy engineering, additive manufacturing, robotics and automation, automobile engineering, industry 4.0, MEMS and nanotechnology, optimization techniques, condition monitoring, and new paradigms in technology management. Contents of this book will be useful to students, researchers, and practitioners alike.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Technology Research and Education written by Dumitru Luca and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected contributions to the 16th International Conference on Global Research and Education Inter-Academia 2017 hosted by Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Romania from 25 to 28 September 2017. It is the third volume in the series, following the editions from 2015 and 2016. Fundamental and applied research in natural sciences have led to crucial developments in the ongoing 4th global industrial revolution, in the course of which information technology has become deeply embedded in industrial management, research and innovation – and just as deeply in education and everyday life. Materials science and nanotechnology, plasma and solid state physics, photonics, electrical and electronic engineering, robotics and metrology, signal processing, e-learning, intelligent and soft computing have long since been central research priorities for the Inter-Academia Community (I-AC) – a body comprising 14 universities and research institutes from Japan and Central/East-European countries that agreed, in 2002, to coordinate their research and education programs so as to better address today’s challenges. The book is intended for use in academic, government, and industrial R&D departments as a reference tool in research and technology education. The 42 peer-reviewed papers were written by more than 119 leading scientists from 14 countries, most of them affiliated to the I-AC.

Download or read book Materials and Processes written by Barrie D. Dunn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this book is to assist scientists and engineers select the ideal material or manufacturing process for particular applications; these could cover a wide range of fields, from light-weight structures to electronic hardware. The book will help in problem solving as it also presents more than 100 case studies and failure investigations from the space sector that can, by analogy, be applied to other industries. Difficult-to-find material data is included for reference. The sciences of metallic (primarily) and organic materials presented throughout the book demonstrate how they can be applied as an integral part of spacecraft product assurance schemes, which involve quality, material and processes evaluations, and the selection of mechanical and component parts. In this successor edition, which has been revised and updated, engineering problems associated with critical spacecraft hardware and the space environment are highlighted by over 500 illustrations including micrographs and fractographs. Space hardware captured by astronauts and returned to Earth from long durations in space are examined. Information detailed in the Handbook is applicable to general terrestrial applications including consumer electronics as well as high reliability systems associated with aeronautics, medical equipment and ground transportation. This Handbook is also directed to those involved in maximizing the relia bility of new materials and processes for space technology and space engineering. It will be invaluable to engineers concerned with the construction of advanced structures or mechanical and electronic sub-systems.

Download or read book Handbook of Laser Welding Technologies written by S Katayama and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-06-30 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser welding is a rapidly developing and versatile technology which has found increasing applications in industry and manufacturing. It allows the precision welding of small and hard-to-reach areas, and is particularly suitable for operation under computer or robotic control. The Handbook of laser welding technologies reviews the latest developments in the field and how they can be used across a variety of applications.Part one provides an introduction to the fundamentals of laser welding before moving on to explore developments in established technologies including CO2 laser welding, disk laser welding and laser micro welding technology. Part two highlights laser welding technologies for various materials including aluminium and titanium alloys, plastics and glass. Part three focuses on developments in emerging laser welding technologies with chapters on the applications of robotics in laser welding and developments in the modelling and simulation of laser and hybrid laser welding. Finally, part four explores the applications of laser welding in the automotive, railway and shipbuilding industries.The Handbook of laser welding technologies is a technical resource for researchers and engineers using laser welding technologies, professionals requiring an understanding of laser welding techniques and academics interested in the field. - Provides an introduction to the fundamentals of laser welding including characteristics, welding defects and evolution of laser welding - Discusses developments in a number of techniques including disk, conduction and laser micro welding - Focusses on technologies for particular materials such as light metal alloys, plastics and glass

Download or read book Transmission Electron Microscopy written by C. Barry Carter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-24 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is a companion volume to Transmission Electron Microscopy: A Textbook for Materials Science by Williams and Carter. The aim is to extend the discussion of certain topics that are either rapidly changing at this time or that would benefit from more detailed discussion than space allowed in the primary text. World-renowned researchers have contributed chapters in their area of expertise, and the editors have carefully prepared these chapters to provide a uniform tone and treatment for this exciting material. The book features an unparalleled collection of color figures showcasing the quality and variety of chemical data that can be obtained from today’s instruments, as well as key pitfalls to avoid. As with the previous TEM text, each chapter contains two sets of questions, one for self assessment and a second more suitable for homework assignments. Throughout the book, the style follows that of Williams & Carter even when the subject matter becomes challenging—the aim is always to make the topic understandable by first-year graduate students and others who are working in the field of Materials Science Topics covered include sources, in-situ experiments, electron diffraction, Digital Micrograph, waves and holography, focal-series reconstruction and direct methods, STEM and tomography, energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM) imaging, and spectrum imaging. The range and depth of material makes this companion volume essential reading for the budding microscopist and a key reference for practicing researchers using these and related techniques.

Download or read book Marine Propellers and Propulsion written by John Carlton and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2012-10-30 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The early development of the screw propeller. Propeller geometry. The propeller environment. The ship wake field, propeller performance characteristics.

Download or read book Titanium and Titanium Alloys written by Christoph Leyens and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an excellent reference for materials scientists and engineers needing to gain more knowledge about these engineering materials. Following introductory chapters on the fundamental materials properties of titanium, readers will find comprehensive descriptions of the development, processing and properties of modern titanium alloys. There then follows detailed discussion of the applications of titanium and its alloys in aerospace, medicine, energy and automotive technology.

Download or read book Advanced Joining Processes written by Lucas F. M. da Silva and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent material science-based and mechanical analysis-based advances in joining processes. It includes all related processes, e.g. friction stir welding, joining by plastic deformation, laser welding, clinch joining, and adhesive bonding, as well as hybrid joints. It gathers selected full-length papers from the 1st Conference on Advanced Joining Processes.

Download or read book Advanced Sensors for Real Time Monitoring Applications written by Olga Korostynska and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is impossible to imagine the modern world without sensors, or without real-time information about almost everything—from local temperature to material composition and health parameters. We sense, measure, and process data and act accordingly all the time. In fact, real-time monitoring and information is key to a successful business, an assistant in life-saving decisions that healthcare professionals make, and a tool in research that could revolutionize the future. To ensure that sensors address the rapidly developing needs of various areas of our lives and activities, scientists, researchers, manufacturers, and end-users have established an efficient dialogue so that the newest technological achievements in all aspects of real-time sensing can be implemented for the benefit of the wider community. This book documents some of the results of such a dialogue and reports on advances in sensors and sensor systems for existing and emerging real-time monitoring applications.

Download or read book Advances in Micro and Nano Manufacturing and Surface Engineering written by M. S. Shunmugam and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-30 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents research papers on micro and nano manufacturing and surface engineering which were presented during the 7th International and 28th All India Manufacturing Technology, Design and Research conference 2018 (AIMTDR 2018). The papers discuss the latest advances in miniature manufacturing, the machining of miniature components and features as well as improvement of surface properties. This volume will be of interest to academicians, researchers, and practicing engineers alike.

Download or read book Facing the Heat Barrier written by T.A. Heppenheimer and published by Courier Dover Publications. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume from The NASA History Series presents an overview of the science of hypersonics, the study of flight at speeds at which the physics of flows is dominated by aerodynamic heating. The survey begins during the years immediately following World War II, with the first steps in hypersonic research: the development of missile nose cones and the X-15; the earliest concepts of hypersonic propulsion; and the origin of the scramjet engine. Next, it addresses the re-entry problem, which came to the forefront during the mid-1950s, showing how work in this area supported the manned space program and contributed to the development of the orbital shuttle. Subsequent chapters explore the fading of scramjet studies and the rise of the National Aerospace Plane (NASP) program of 1985–95, which sought to lay groundwork for single-stage vehicles. The program's ultimate shortcomings — in terms of aerodynamics, propulsion, and materials — are discussed, and the book concludes with a look at hypersonics in the post-NASP era, including the development of the X-33 and X-34 launch vehicles, further uses for scramjets, and advances in fluid mechanics. Clearly, ongoing research in hypersonics has yet to reach its full potential, and readers with an interest in aeronautics and astronautics will find this book a fascinating exploration of the field's history and future.

Download or read book AWS D8 1M 2007 Specification for Automotive Weld Quality Resistance Spot Welding of Steel written by American Welding Society and published by . This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: