Download or read book System Wide Study of Woolly Apple Aphid written by Robert John Orpet and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), is an increasingly important pest in apple orchards worldwide and is difficult to manage with currently available tactics. To address the need for new knowledge and tactics to manage this pest, I conducted studies on the potential effects of physical control tactics, biological control, and factors related to differences in organic versus conventional management. I found that preventing woolly apple aphid movement from tree roots to canopies did not influence their aboveground population dynamics, suggesting limited utility of using physical barriers to block this movement. In a video-recording experiment I collected evidence that predation by coccinellid larvae could decrease woolly apple aphids populations, but coccinellids had a relatively narrow window of seasonal activity. Earwigs (Forficula auricularia L.) in the same study appeared to be effective generalist predators which could prevent low-density woolly apple aphid populations from increasing. I conducted an earwig augmentation experiment at four different orchards and confirmed that greater earwig abundance results in lower and more stable woolly apple aphid populations and I found no evidence that earwigs damaged apples. Molecular gut content analysis of earwigs further demonstrated that they are effective predators of low-density aphid populations, as woolly apple aphid DNA was detected in their guts even during periods when woolly apple aphids were rare. In a two-year observational study of 20 organically or conventionally managed orchards I found no correlation between woolly apple aphids with spray programs, soil quality, tree nitrogen, or natural enemy communities. Moreover, conventional and organic orchards were generally similar in these factors. Interviews I conducted with pest management decision-makers highlighted that a range of practices are used in conventional and organic orchards and these management styles may not represent a distinct dichotomy. I suggest greater attention to earwigs in integrated pest management programs could reduce incidence of woolly apple aphid outbreaks, and that conventional and organic apple orchards in central Washington are often managed similarly.
Download or read book A Biological Study of Aphelinus Mali Hald a Parasite of the Woolly Apple Aphid Eriosoma Lanigera Hausm written by Arnold Ernest Lundie and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Study of the Biology and Control of the Woolly Apple Aphid Eriosoma Lanigera written by Bruce McDuffie Heniford and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Elm Leaf Curl and Woolly Apple Aphid written by Edith Marion Patch and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Woolly Aphid of the Apple written by Edith Marion Patch and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Integrated Biological Control of Woolly Apple Aphid in Washington State written by Lessando Moreira Gontijo and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Woolly apple aphid Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann is a secondary pest of apples whose outbreaks have occurred more often since about 2000. The increase in outbreaks appears to be associated with changes in pesticide programs and disruption of biological control. Because of the banning of azinphos-methyl and restriction posed on other organophosphates, growers are turning more to biological control as an alternative tactic to control woolly apple aphid. This aphid has been documented to have a wide host of natural enemies around the world including syrphids, coccinellids, chrysopids, predatory hemipterans, earwigs and the endoparasitoid Aphelinus mali (Haudeman). A survey I conducted in 2008 in central Washington confirmed that syrphids, chrysopids, coccinellids and A. mali are the most common natural enemies of woolly apple aphid occurring in Washington. Conservation of woolly apple aphid natural enemies in the orchard was also studied in 2008, 2010 and 2011. Sweet alyssum Lobularia maritima (L.) Desvaux was the flowering plant that attracted significantly more predatory syrphids into the orchards. A faster response by natural enemies to woolly apple infestation was observed on plots planted with sweet alyssum. In addition, a movement of natural enemies between sweet alyssum and tree canopy was confirmed by an imunomarking technique. Exclusion cage studies conducted in 2010 and 2011 showed that predators together with A. mali can efficiently control woolly apple aphid in orchards under a soft pesticide program. In addition, syrphids did not seem to disrupt parasitism of A. mali, but instead showed an additive effect when combined. The lethal and sublethal effect of orchard pesticides on A. mali were also examined in 2009, 2010 and 2011. Spinetoram, spinosad, carbaryl, organophosphates and neonicotinoids showed a high acute toxicity to A. mali killing more than 90% at full rate. Chlorantraniliprole, lambda-cyhalothrin, novaluron, cyantraniliprole, spirotetramat, sulfur and the mixture of Zinc/Manganese + copper hydroxide killed less than 60% of the parasitoids in the acute bioassays at both rates. Only cyantraniliprole, spinetoram and lambda-cyhalothrin showed significant sublethal effects on A. mali. The sublethal effect of cyantraniliprole was due to induction of low fecundity in A. mali, whereas for spinetoram and lambda-cyhalothrin the effect was due to adult A. mali and host mortality. All the studies suggest that biological control of woolly apple aphid has the potential to work in the field. Nevertheless, conservation measures like augmenting alternative food sources for natural enemies and spraying selective pesticides should be adopted.
Download or read book Migration and Population Studies on the Woolly Apple Aphid written by Eric Cornelis Winkler and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Woolly Apple Aphid written by Frances Fitzgibbon and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is concerned with the biology of Eriosoma lanigerum (WAA) and its parasitoid (Aphelinus mali), the impact of the pest on the crop and the effects of pesticides used routinely in South Australian orchards on both woolly apple aphid and the parasitic wasp. The study identifies current management practices of apple growers in South Australia. Aspects of the biology of WAA and A.mali are examined. Work is also done on the toxicity against WAA and A.mali of insecticides used in the control of codling moth and phytophagous mites. The effects of WAA infestation on the growth of young trees are investigated. The seasonal activity of WAA on mature trees is determined over a two season period.
Download or read book An Annotated Bibliography on Aphelinus Mali Hald a Parasite of the Woolly Apple Aphid 1851 1950 written by and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological and Ecological Studies on the Woolly Apple Aphid Eriosoma Lanigerum Hausmann Hemiptera Pemphigidae with Reference to Control written by Stephen Kwaku Asante and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on the Biology and Control of Woolly Apple Aphid Eriosoma Lanigerum Hausmann with Special Reference to Alates and Root Population written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ELM Leaf Rosette and Woolly Aphid of the Apple Classic Reprint written by Edith Marion Patch and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Elm Leaf Rosette and Woolly Aphid of the Apple Mr. Alwood (1904) Of the Virginia State Crop Pest Com mission in his excellent, account of this insect states On nur sery stock the woolly aphis is a most serious pest, and under some circumstances it ruins a large percentage of the apple trees in the nursery. On page 5 of Bulletin 133 of the Colorado Experiment Sta tion the following statement is made. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Elm Leaf Curl and Woolly Apple Aphid written by Edith Marion Patch and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This agricultural guide provides information on two pests that can wreak havoc on crops: the elm leaf curl and the woolly apple aphid. It includes descriptions of the insects and their life cycles, as well as practical solutions for managing and preventing infestations. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Evaluation of New Insecticides and Application Methods for the Control of Woolly Apple Aphid Eriosoma Lanigerum written by Phillip Frost and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding the Fundamental Interactions Between Woolly Apple Aphid and Pome Fruit written by Kevin S. Powell and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Study of Aphelinus Mali Hald a Parasite of the Wooly Apple Aphid Eriosoma Lanigera Hausm written by Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Factors Affecting the Movements of Woolly Apple Aphids written by Stanley Hoyt (Charles) and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
