Download or read book Synthesis of Sequence defined Oligomers and Polymers written by Nadja Franz and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sequence Controlled Polymers written by Jean-François Lutz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-09 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by a leading authority in the field, the first book on this important and emerging topic provides an overview of the latest trends in sequence-controlled polymers. Following a brief introduction, the book goes on to discuss various synthetic approaches to sequence-controlled polymers, including template polymerization, genetic engineering and solid-phase chemistry. Moreover, monomer sequence regulation in classical polymerization techniques such as step-growth polymerization, living ionic polymerizations and controlled radical polymerizations are explained, before concluding with a look at the future for sequence-controlled polymers. With its unique coverage of this interdisciplinary field, the text will prove invaluable to polymer and environmental chemists, as well as biochemists and bioengineers.
Download or read book Iterative Synthesis of Sequence defined Polymers Using Solid and Soluble Supports written by Anna Meszynska and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, iterative methods have been studied to prepare sequence-defined oligomers on solid and soluble supports. Three model monomer coupling strategies have been exploited, (i) AB + AB, (ii) AB + CD and (iii) AA + BB, for the synthesis of oligopeptides, oligo(alkoxyamine amide)s and oligoamides, respectively. In the first strategy (AB + AB), oligopeptides have been synthesized using classical peptide synthesis protocols, in which Fmoc-protected amino acids were used. The other two strategies (AB + CD and AA + BB) are protecting-group free methods. In this case, the control over the oligomer primary structure has been achieved using chemoselective reactions (AB + CD) or a large excess of bifunctional monomers (AA + BB). The oligo(alkoxyamine amide)s have been prepared using successive coupling of bromo-anhydride and amino-nitroxide building blocks. The oligoamides have been obtained by sequential coupling of diacid and diamine building blocks. The practical approach to these primary structures using solid- and liquid-phase methodologies followed by the characterization of formed oligomers is the scope of this thesis.
Download or read book Synthesis of Sequence Defined Degradable Polymers Through Ring Opening Polymerization written by Shijie Deng and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ring-opening polymerization is an essential form of chain-growth polymerization that facilitates precise control over the polymerization process. Our research delved into the realm of redox- switchable catalysis and its application in synthesizing polyesters, ethers, and carbonates through ring-opening polymerization. To broaden the range of available monomers, we also explored the ring-opening polymerization of aromatic N-carboxyanhydrides with six-membered rings, resulting in the creation of aromatic polyamides. Leveraging the potential of biodegradable polymers crafted from ring-opening polymerizations, we investigated how the stereocomplexation of block copolymers could enhance the shear viscosities of the polymer solutions in brine.
Download or read book Synthesis of Polymers written by Dieter A. Schlüter and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-14 with total page 1229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers are huge macromolecules composed of repeating structural units. While polymer in popular usage suggests plastic, the term actually refers to a large class of natural and synthetic materials. Due to the extraordinary range of properties accessible, polymers have come to play an essential and ubiquitous role in everyday life - from plastics and elastomers on the one hand to natural biopolymers such as DNA and proteins on the other hand. The study of polymer science begins with understanding the methods in which these materials are synthesized. Polymer synthesis is a complex procedure and can take place in a variety of ways. This book brings together the "Who is who" of polymer science to give the readers an overview of the large field of polymer synthesis. It is a one-stop reference and a must-have for all Chemists, Polymer Chemists, Chemists in Industry, and Materials Scientists.
Download or read book Sequence Controlled Polymers written by Jean-François Lutz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by a leading authority in the field, the first book on this important and emerging topic provides an overview of the latest trends in sequence-controlled polymers. Following a brief introduction, the book goes on to discuss various synthetic approaches to sequence-controlled polymers, including template polymerization, genetic engineering and solid-phase chemistry. Moreover, monomer sequence regulation in classical polymerization techniques such as step-growth polymerization, living ionic polymerizations and controlled radical polymerizations are explained, before concluding with a look at the future for sequence-controlled polymers. With its unique coverage of this interdisciplinary field, the text will prove invaluable to polymer and environmental chemists, as well as biochemists and bioengineers.
Download or read book Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature written by Richard G Jones and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2009-01-19 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IUPAC system of polymer nomenclature has aided the generation of unambiguous names that re ect the historical development of chemistry. However, the explosion in the circulation of information and the globalization of human activities mean that it is now necessary to have a common language for use in legal situations, patents, export-import regulations, and environmental health and safety information. Rather than recommending a ‘unique name’ for each structure, rules have been developed for assigning ‘preferred IUPAC names’, while continuing to allow alternatives in order to preserve the diversity and adaptability of nomenclature. Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature is the only publication to collect the most important work on this subject into a single volume. It serves as a handy compendium for scientists and removes the need for time consuming literature searches. One of a series issued by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), it covers the terminology used in many and varied aspects of polymer science as well as the nomenclature of several di erent types of polymer including regular and irregular single-strand organic polymers, copolymers and regular double-strand (ladder and spiro) organic polymers.
Download or read book Template Polymerization written by Stefan Polowinski and published by ChemTec Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Template polymerization is a new field in polymer synthesis but common practice in the biosynthesis since DNA is the most popular template or matrix on which proteins are built by living species. This field is relevant to the synthesis of polymers of controlled structure but its application goes beyond the synthesis. Materials are formulated in complex mixtures always containing components which can be regarded as templates on which other materials are formed, modified, or are interacted with. In the new product development the relevance of these phenomena is controlled by the order of addition which affects probabilities and preferences of interaction. The current publication outlines mechanisms of template polymerization, polycondensation, and copolymerization. These mechanisms, illustrated with numerous examples, indicate a range of possibilities which can be encountered in materials and utilized to modify their properties. Orientation of substrates on template and their effect on modification of their reactivity and properties such as, for example, absorption of light or water are also discussed. Several chapters contain information on these studies discussed with sufficient detail to give reader comprehensive understanding of the methods used in various research laboratories and their findings."--Publisher's description.
Download or read book The Chemical Alphabet written by and published by . This book was released on 1850 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis of Molecularly Defined Conjugated Oligomers and Polymers Through Dehydrative Coupling written by Sara Abuadas and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of scalable methods for the synthesis of conjugated materials remains among the most important aspects for their integration into devices at a commercial level. Drawing inspiration from nature as well as polymers made on a scale of many millions of tons annually, one type of reaction often used is a dehydration reaction in which two monomers react together eliminating a small molecule such as water. Although dehydration reactions are widely used to synthesize non-conjugated polymers, advances in utilizing dehydration methods to prepare conjugated poly(hetero)arenes are lacking. Herein, we describe the development of a dehydration type reaction where two thiazole N-oxides are coupled to afford the corresponding dimer with simply an addition of a base. This dimer formation occurs in 10 minutes, at room temperature, forming an C(sp2)-C(sp2) bond without the need for transition metals. Various conjugated small molecules and polymers were synthesized using this simple method. Extending this reaction to synthesis of molecularly defined oligomers as well as other classes of poly(hetero)arenes could be a powerful tool allowing access to a wider variety of conjugated materials.
Download or read book Chemical Sequencing of Sequence defined Polymers by Controlled Degradation written by Samuel Davis Dahlhauser and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sequence-defined polymers are a promising platform of discovery for the fields of biomimetics, self-assembly, catalysis, and information storage. The power of these polymers lies in their primary structure, which can beget complex chemical processes. Here we report the solution-phase and the high-yielding solid-phase syntheses of discrete oligourethanes and methods for their chain-end depolymerization for sequencing, resulting in rapid and robust characterization of this class of oligomers and polymers, without the use of MS/MS. Crucial to the sequencing is the inherent reactivity of the terminal alcohol to “unzip” the oligomers, in a controlled and iterative fashion, releasing each monomer as a 2-oxazolidinone. The process utilizes the effective molarity of the terminal alcohol, as well as the steric compression of the sidechain methylenes to control the rate of cyclization. It was observed that these macromolecules do not auto-depolymerize at room temperature or in the absence of base, and are generally stable to hydrolysis. The mechanism of depolymerization was confirmed as a 5-exo-trig intramolecular cyclization, and is capable of tolerating a wide diversity of sidechain functionalities as well as crude or complex sample mixtures. This robust immolative self-sequencing paradigm was utilized in the development of a complete workflow for the encoding and decoding of digital information within the macromolecular sequence-defined urethanes. Within the encoding and decoding schema, a highly configurable software was developed that is capable taking any information and converting it to the preferred positional numeral system (such as hexadecimal), which can then be synthesized into the urethanes, and ultimately sequenced back to decode the molecular information. A parallel synthesis methodology was developed for the simultaneous synthesis of numerous sequence-defined urethanes, and utilized to synthesize 18 unique 10-mer oligourethanes that encoded a passage from Jane Austen’s Mansfield Park. A parallel sequencing methodology was developed to simultaneously sequence all 18 oligomers, where the data were fed into our decoding software and the information transformed back to its original state. Currently, we are working to advance the sequencing methodology to allow multiple urethanes to be stored and sequenced within the same solution, utilizing isotopic labelling as unique mass tags for their discreet characterization. Ultimately, we plan to use this technology for cryptography and steganography, wherein we imbed and store a 256-bit molecular cipher key. Only upon extraction, sequencing, and decoding can the encrypted information be accessed
Download or read book Rational Design and Synthesis of Sequence Defined Donor Acceptor Poly arylenevinylene s as Singlet Fission Materials written by Stephen Koehler and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Donor-Acceptor poly(p-arylenevinylenes) (DA PAVs) are an untapped class of materials owing largely to their challenging synthesis. The Elacqua group recently reported the synthesis of such polymers by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP). The newly synthesized monomer polymerized with good control over molecular weight and was able to form block copolymers with poly(norbornene). In Chapter 2, the inherent steric and electronic bias of ROMP is leveraged within the same monomer scaffold to study how to monitor and influence polymer sequence. A combination of monomer steric bulk, reaction solvent, and temperature are all variables that can influence the sequence. While further study is needed, non-symmetric substitution of alkyl chains appears to be important in achieving controlled polymerizations. This comes with many limitations, namely a challenging monomer synthesis, for which we provide some perspective and insight to overcome this deficit. Given the remaining synthetic challenges, computational chemistry will be a particularly powerful tool to deliberately identify synthetic targets. Simulating polymer properties is a difficult task in itself; in Chapter 3, a high throughput screening method which is both more accurate and an order of magnitude faster than leading quantum mechanical methods was developed. Preliminary data supports a size-parameter relationship between monomers, which could be leveraged to further enhance the accuracy, and potentially used in simulating higher-dimensional conjugated structures like covalent organic frameworks. Circling back to screening-driven polymer design, Chapter 4 presents time-dependent density functional theory calculations that identify DA PAVs as a promising class of materials for singlet fission. This is due, in part to the planarization afforded by the vinyl-spacer. This is observed both when replicating reported methods, as well as when applying the high throughput screening capabilities developed in Chapter 3. Chapter 5 looks toward multifunctional devices or stimuli responsive organic electronics, wherein the synthesis of thiophene-appended spiropyran oligomers which can reversibly change their band gap energy are presented. The observed band gap energies agree well with DFT calculations, suggesting more diverse spiropyran-oligomers could be explored. However, fast isomerization with oligomer-appended spiropyran was not observed, though it is hypothesized that spirothiopyran could be an effective tool to overcome this. Overall, this work demonstrates progress in both synthetic and computational methodology to advance the development and discovery of organic electronic materials.
Download or read book Synthesis of Polymers written by Dieter A. Schlüter and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 1229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers are huge macromolecules composed of repeating structural units. While polymer in popular usage suggests plastic, the term actually refers to a large class of natural and synthetic materials. Due to the extraordinary range of properties accessible, polymers have come to play an essential and ubiquitous role in everyday life - from plastics and elastomers on the one hand to natural biopolymers such as DNA and proteins on the other hand. The study of polymer science begins with understanding the methods in which these materials are synthesized. Polymer synthesis is a complex procedure and can take place in a variety of ways. This book brings together the "Who is who" of polymer science to give the readers an overview of the large field of polymer synthesis. It is a one-stop reference and a must-have for all Chemists, Polymer Chemists, Chemists in Industry, and Materials Scientists.
Download or read book Single Chain Polymer Nanoparticles written by José A. Pomposo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-18 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first book on this important and emerging topic presents an overview of the very latest results obtained in single-chain polymer nanoparticles obtained by folding synthetic single polymer chains, painting a complete picture from synthesis via characterization to everyday applications. The initial chapters describe the synthetics methods as well as the molecular simulation of these nanoparticles, while subsequent chapters discuss the analytical techniques that are applied to characterize them, including size and structural characterization as well as scattering techniques. The final chapters are then devoted to the practical applications in nanomedicine, sensing, catalysis and several other uses, concluding with a look at the future for such nanoparticles. Essential reading for polymer and materials scientists, materials engineers, biochemists as well as environmental chemists.
Download or read book Sulfur Containing Polymers written by Xing-Hong Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A must-have resource to the booming field of sulfur-containing polymers Sulfur-Containing Polymers is a state-of-the-art text that offers a synthesis of the various sulfur-containing polymers from low-cost sulfur resources such as elemental sulfur, carbon disulfide (CS2), carbonyl sulfide (COS) and mercaptan. With contributions from noted experts on the topic, the book presents an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms related to the synthesis of sulfur-containing polymers. The book also includes a review of the various types of sulfur-containing polymers, such as: poly(thioester)s, poly(thioether)s and poly(thiocarbonate)s and poly(thiourethane)s with linear or hyperbranched (dendrimer) architectures. The expert authors provide the fundamentals on the structure-property relationship and applications of sulfur-containing polymers. Designed to be beneficial for both research and application-oriented chemists and engineers, the book contains the most recent research and developments of sulfur-containing polymers. This important book: Offers the first comprehensive handbook on the topic Contains state-of-the-art research on synthesis of sulfur containing polymers from low-cost sulfur-containing compounds Examines the synthesis, mechanism, structure properties, and applications of various types of sulful-containing polymers Includes contributions from well-known experts Written for polymer chemists, materials scientists, chemists in industry, biochemists, and chemical engineers, Sulfur-Containing Polymers offers a groundbreaking text to the field with inforamtion on the most recent research.
Download or read book Sequence Defined Oligo amidoamines Synthesis Carbohydrate Functionalization and Biomedical Applications written by Felix Wojcik and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic macromolecules such as polymers or dendrimers are considered as a powerful tool to understand and modulate biological events. These materials proved to be of great potential for various biological studies, such as carriers in gene delivery, macromolecular therapeutics or diagnostics, 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering as well as for modifications and masking of protein drugs. However most synthetic macromolecules are still limited in terms of molecular and structural precision, which hampes direct struture-property correlation studies and is often associated with their inability to perform comparability advanced tasks as their natural counterparts. This thesis therefore presents a novel synthetic approach towards sequence-defined precision macromolecules employing solid phase synthesis. Instead of using a large alphabet of different building blocks, the current approach in bioorganic chemistry, this work presents one diethyleneetriamine-based building block substructure, which can be selectivity functionalized on a secondary amino group to obtain several functionalized building blocks...
Download or read book Synthetic Polymer Chemistry written by Zheng Zhao and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-09-09 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing demand for polymers with new structures and functions has inspired the development of new synthetic techniques. This book focuses on breakthroughs and progress in synthetic polymer chemistry, providing efficient tools for the synthesis of linear and topological polymers. Synthetic Polymer Chemistry will be a valuable reference for those working in polymer chemistry, as well as students and researchers interested in opto-electronic, biological and materials sciences.
