Download or read book Synthesis of Finite State Machines written by Tiziano Villa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Logic Optimization is the second in a set of two monographs devoted to the synthesis of Finite State Machines (FSMs). The first volume, Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization, addresses functional optimization, whereas this one addresses logic optimization. The result of functional optimization is a symbolic description of an FSM which represents a sequential function chosen from a collection of permissible candidates. Logic optimization is the body of techniques for converting a symbolic description of an FSM into a hardware implementation. The mapping of a given symbolic representation into a two-valued logic implementation is called state encoding (or state assignment) and it impacts heavily area, speed, testability and power consumption of the realized circuit. The first part of the book introduces the relevant background, presents results previously scattered in the literature on the computational complexity of encoding problems, and surveys in depth old and new approaches to encoding in logic synthesis. The second part of the book presents two main results about symbolic minimization; a new procedure to find minimal two-level symbolic covers, under face, dominance and disjunctive constraints, and a unified frame to check encodability of encoding constraints and find codes of minimum length that satisfy them. The third part of the book introduces generalized prime implicants (GPIs), which are the counterpart, in symbolic minimization of two-level logic, to prime implicants in two-valued two-level minimization. GPIs enable the design of an exact procedure for two-level symbolic minimization, based on a covering step which is complicated by the need to guarantee encodability of the final cover. A new efficient algorithm to verify encodability of a selected cover is presented. If a cover is not encodable, it is shown how to augment it minimally until an encodable superset of GPIs is determined. To handle encodability the authors have extended the frame to satisfy encoding constraints presented in the second part. The covering problems generated in the minimization of GPIs tend to be very large. Recently large covering problems have been attacked successfully by representing the covering table with binary decision diagrams (BDD). In the fourth part of the book the authors introduce such techniques and extend them to the case of the implicit minimization of GPIs, where the encodability and augmentation steps are also performed implicitly. Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Logic Optimization will be of interest to researchers and professional engineers who work in the area of computer-aided design of integrated circuits.
Download or read book Synthesis of Finite State Machines written by Timothy Kam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-12-31 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization is one of two monographs devoted to the synthesis of Finite State Machines (FSMs). This volume addresses functional optimization, whereas the second addresses logic optimization. By functional optimization here we mean the body of techniques that: compute all permissible sequential functions for a given topology of interconnected FSMs, and select a `best' sequential function out of the permissible ones. The result is a symbolic description of the FSM representing the chosen sequential function. By logic optimization here we mean the steps that convert a symbolic description of an FSM into a hardware implementation, with the goal to optimize objectives like area, testability, performance and so on. Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization is divided into three parts. The first part presents some preliminary definitions, theories and techniques related to the exploration of behaviors of FSMs. The second part presents an implicit algorithm for exact state minimization of incompletely specified finite state machines (ISFSMs), and an exhaustive presentation of explicit and implicit algorithms for the binate covering problem. The third part addresses the computation of permissible behaviors at a node of a network of FSMs and the related minimization problems of non-deterministic finite state machines (NDFSMs). Key themes running through the book are the exploration of behaviors contained in a non-deterministic FSM (NDFSM), and the representation of combinatorial problems arising in FSM synthesis by means of Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs). Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization will be of interest to researchers and designers in logic synthesis, CAD and design automation.
Download or read book Logic Synthesis for FSM Based Control Units written by Alexander Barkalov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the hardware implementation of control algorithms represented by graph-schemes of algorithm. It includes new methods of logic synthesis and optimization for logic circuits of Mealy and Moore FSMs oriented on both ASIC and FPLD.
Download or read book Finite State Machine Datapath Design Optimization and Implementation written by Justin Davis and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finite State Machine Datapath Design, Optimization, and Implementation explores the design space of combined FSM/Datapath implementations. The lecture starts by examining performance issues in digital systems such as clock skew and its effect on setup and hold time constraints, and the use of pipelining for increasing system clock frequency. This is followed by definitions for latency and throughput, with associated resource tradeoffs explored in detail through the use of dataflow graphs and scheduling tables applied to examples taken from digital signal processing applications. Also, design issues relating to functionality, interfacing, and performance for different types of memories commonly found in ASICs and FPGAs such as FIFOs, single-ports, and dual-ports are examined. Selected design examples are presented in implementation-neutral Verilog code and block diagrams, with associated design files available as downloads for both Altera Quartus and Xilinx Virtex FPGA platforms. A working knowledge of Verilog, logic synthesis, and basic digital design techniques is required. This lecture is suitable as a companion to the synthesis lecture titled Introduction to Logic Synthesis using Verilog HDL.
Download or read book Synthesis of Finite State Machines written by Timothy Kam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization is one of two monographs devoted to the synthesis of Finite State Machines (FSMs). This volume addresses functional optimization, whereas the second addresses logic optimization. By functional optimization here we mean the body of techniques that: compute all permissible sequential functions for a given topology of interconnected FSMs, and select a `best' sequential function out of the permissible ones. The result is a symbolic description of the FSM representing the chosen sequential function. By logic optimization here we mean the steps that convert a symbolic description of an FSM into a hardware implementation, with the goal to optimize objectives like area, testability, performance and so on. Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization is divided into three parts. The first part presents some preliminary definitions, theories and techniques related to the exploration of behaviors of FSMs. The second part presents an implicit algorithm for exact state minimization of incompletely specified finite state machines (ISFSMs), and an exhaustive presentation of explicit and implicit algorithms for the binate covering problem. The third part addresses the computation of permissible behaviors at a node of a network of FSMs and the related minimization problems of non-deterministic finite state machines (NDFSMs). Key themes running through the book are the exploration of behaviors contained in a non-deterministic FSM (NDFSM), and the representation of combinatorial problems arising in FSM synthesis by means of Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs). Synthesis of Finite State Machines: Functional Optimization will be of interest to researchers and designers in logic synthesis, CAD and design automation.
Download or read book Finite State Machines in Hardware written by Volnei A. Pedroni and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to the theory and design of hardware-implemented finite state machines, with design examples developed in both VHDL and SystemVerilog languages. Modern, complex digital systems invariably include hardware-implemented finite state machines. The correct design of such parts is crucial for attaining proper system performance. This book offers detailed, comprehensive coverage of the theory and design for any category of hardware-implemented finite state machines. It describes crucial design problems that lead to incorrect or far from optimal implementation and provides examples of finite state machines developed in both VHDL and SystemVerilog (the successor of Verilog) hardware description languages. Important features include: extensive review of design practices for sequential digital circuits; a new division of all state machines into three hardware-based categories, encompassing all possible situations, with numerous practical examples provided in all three categories; the presentation of complete designs, with detailed VHDL and SystemVerilog codes, comments, and simulation results, all tested in FPGA devices; and exercise examples, all of which can be synthesized, simulated, and physically implemented in FPGA boards. Additional material is available on the book's Website. Designing a state machine in hardware is more complex than designing it in software. Although interest in hardware for finite state machines has grown dramatically in recent years, there is no comprehensive treatment of the subject. This book offers the most detailed coverage of finite state machines available. It will be essential for industrial designers of digital systems and for students of electrical engineering and computer science.
Download or read book Sequential Logic Synthesis written by Pranav Ashar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 3. 2 Input Encoding Targeting Two-Level Logic . . . . . . . . 27 3. 2. 1 One-Hot Coding and Multiple-Valued Minimization 28 3. 2. 2 Input Constraints and Face Embedding 30 3. 3 Satisfying Encoding Constraints . . . . . . . 32 3. 3. 1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3. 3. 2 Column-Based Constraint Satisfaction 33 3. 3. 3 Row-Based Constraint Satisfaction . . 37 3. 3. 4 Constraint Satisfaction Using Dichotomies . 38 3. 3. 5 Simulated Annealing for Constraint Satisfaction 41 3. 4 Input Encoding Targeting Multilevel Logic. . 43 3. 4. 1 Kernels and Kernel Intersections . . . 44 3. 4. 2 Kernels and Multiple-Valued Variables 46 3. 4. 3 Multiple-Valued Factorization. . . . . 48 3. 4. 4 Size Estimation in Algebraic Decomposition . 53 3. 4. 5 The Encoding Step . 54 3. 5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . 55 4 Encoding of Symbolic Outputs 57 4. 1 Heuristic Output Encoding Targeting Two-Level Logic. 59 4. 1. 1 Dominance Relations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4. 1. 2 Output Encoding by the Derivation of Dominance Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 . . 4. 1. 3 Heuristics to Minimize the Number of Encoding Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4. 1. 4 Disjunctive Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4. 1. 5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 . . 4. 2 Exact Output Encoding Targeting Two-Level Logic. 66 4. 2. 1 Generation of Generalized Prime Implicants . 68 4. 2. 2 Selecting a Minimum Encodeable Cover . . . 68 4. 2. 3 Dominance and Disjunctive Relationships to S- isfy Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . 70 4. 2. 4 Constructing the Optimized Cover 73 4. 2. 5 Correctness of the Procedure . . 73 4. 2. 6 Multiple Symbolic Outputs . . .
Download or read book Introduction to Digital Systems written by Mohammed Ferdjallah and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-15 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique guide to using both modeling and simulation in digital systems design Digital systems design requires rigorous modeling and simulation analysis that eliminates design risks and potential harm to users. Introduction to Digital Systems: Modeling, Synthesis, and Simulation Using VHDL introduces the application of modeling and synthesis in the effective design of digital systems and explains applicable analytical and computational methods. Through step-by-step explanations and numerous examples, the author equips readers with the tools needed to model, synthesize, and simulate digital principles using Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) programming. Extensively classroom-tested to ensure a fluid presentation, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the topic by integrating theoretical principles, discrete mathematical models, computer simulations, and basic methods of analysis. Topical coverage includes: Digital systems modeling and simulation Integrated logic Boolean algebra and logic Logic function optimization Number systems Combinational logic VHDL design concepts Sequential and synchronous sequential logic Each chapter begins with learning objectives that outline key concepts that follow, and all discussions conclude with problem sets that allow readers to test their comprehension of the presented material. Throughout the book, VHDL sample codes are used to illustrate circuit design, providing guidance not only on how to learn and master VHDL programming, but also how to model and simulate digital circuits. Introduction to Digital Systems is an excellent book for courses in modeling and simulation, operations research, engineering, and computer science at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. The book also serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in the fields of operations research, mathematical modeling, simulation, electrical engineering, and computer science.
Download or read book Logic Synthesis for Finite State Machines Based on Linear Chains of States written by Alexander Barkalov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-24 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses Moore finite state machines (FSMs) implemented with field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) including look-up table (LUT) elements and embedded memory blocks (EMBs). To minimize the number of LUTs in FSM logic circuits, the authors propose replacing a state register with a state counter. They also put forward an approach allowing linear chains of states to be created, which simplifies the system of input memory functions and, therefore, decreases the number of LUTs in the resulting FSM circuit. The authors combine this approach with using EMBs to implement the system of output functions (microoperations). This allows a significant decrease in the number of LUTs, as well as eliminating a lot of interconnections in the FSM logic circuit. As a rule, it also reduces the area occupied by the circuit and diminishes the resulting power dissipation. This book is an interesting and valuable resource for students and postgraduates in the area of computer science, as well as for designers of digital systems that included complex control units
Download or read book FSM based Digital Design using Verilog HDL written by Peter Minns and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As digital circuit elements decrease in physical size, resulting in increasingly complex systems, a basic logic model that can be used in the control and design of a range of semiconductor devices is vital. Finite State Machines (FSM) have numerous advantages; they can be applied to many areas (including motor control, and signal and serial data identification to name a few) and they use less logic than their alternatives, leading to the development of faster digital hardware systems. This clear and logical book presents a range of novel techniques for the rapid and reliable design of digital systems using FSMs, detailing exactly how and where they can be implemented. With a practical approach, it covers synchronous and asynchronous FSMs in the design of both simple and complex systems, and Petri-Net design techniques for sequential/parallel control systems. Chapters on Hardware Description Language cover the widely-used and powerful Verilog HDL in sufficient detail to facilitate the description and verification of FSMs, and FSM based systems, at both the gate and behavioural levels. Throughout, the text incorporates many real-world examples that demonstrate designs such as data acquisition, a memory tester, and passive serial data monitoring and detection, among others. A useful accompanying CD offers working Verilog software tools for the capture and simulation of design solutions. With a linear programmed learning format, this book works as a concise guide for the practising digital designer. This book will also be of importance to senior students and postgraduates of electronic engineering, who require design skills for the embedded systems market.
Download or read book Synthesis of Finite State Machines written by Tiziano Villa and published by . This book was released on 1997-04-01 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Software with Finite State Machines written by Ferdinand Wagner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-05-15 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling Software with Finite State Machines: A Practical Approach explains how to apply finite state machines to software development. It provides a critical analysis of using finite state machines as a foundation for executable specifications to reduce software development effort and improve quality. It discusses the design of a state machine and of a system of state machines. It also presents a detailed analysis of development issues relating to behavior modeling with design examples and design rules for using finite state machines. This text demonstrates the implementation of these concepts using StateWORKS software and introduces the basic components of this software.
Download or read book Finite State Techniques written by Stoyan Mihov and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finite-state methods are the most efficient mechanisms for analysing textual and symbolic data, providing elegant solutions for an immense number of practical problems in computational linguistics and computer science. This book for graduate students and researchers gives a complete coverage of the field, starting from a conceptual introduction and building to advanced topics and applications. The central finite-state technologies are introduced with mathematical rigour, ranging from simple finite-state automata to transducers and bimachines as 'input-output' devices. Special attention is given to the rich possibilities of simplifying, transforming and combining finite-state devices. All algorithms presented are accompanied by full correctness proofs and executable source code in a new programming language, C(M), which focuses on transparency of steps and simplicity of code. Thus, by enabling readers to obtain a deep formal understanding of the subject and to put finite-state methods to real use, this book closes the gap between theory and practice.
Download or read book Synthesis of Finite State Machines written by Timothy Kam and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experiments in the Synthesis of Finite State Machines written by Steven Y. Chang and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Elements of Robotics written by Mordechai Ben-Ari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-25 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book bridges the gap between playing with robots in school and studying robotics at the upper undergraduate and graduate levels to prepare for careers in industry and research. Robotic algorithms are presented formally, but using only mathematics known by high-school and first-year college students, such as calculus, matrices and probability. Concepts and algorithms are explained through detailed diagrams and calculations. Elements of Robotics presents an overview of different types of robots and the components used to build robots, but focuses on robotic algorithms: simple algorithms like odometry and feedback control, as well as algorithms for advanced topics like localization, mapping, image processing, machine learning and swarm robotics. These algorithms are demonstrated in simplified contexts that enable detailed computations to be performed and feasible activities to be posed. Students who study these simplified demonstrations will be well prepared for advanced study of robotics. The algorithms are presented at a relatively abstract level, not tied to any specific robot. Instead a generic robot is defined that uses elements common to most educational robots: differential drive with two motors, proximity sensors and some method of displaying output to the user. The theory is supplemented with over 100 activities, most of which can be successfully implemented using inexpensive educational robots. Activities that require more computation can be programmed on a computer. Archives are available with suggested implementations for the Thymio robot and standalone programs in Python.
Download or read book Digital Logic Design Using Verilog written by Vaibbhav Taraate and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-17 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to serve as a hands-on professional reference with additional utility as a textbook for upper undergraduate and some graduate courses in digital logic design. This book is organized in such a way that that it can describe a number of RTL design scenarios, from simple to complex. The book constructs the logic design story from the fundamentals of logic design to advanced RTL design concepts. Keeping in view the importance of miniaturization today, the book gives practical information on the issues with ASIC RTL design and how to overcome these concerns. It clearly explains how to write an efficient RTL code and how to improve design performance. The book also describes advanced RTL design concepts such as low-power design, multiple clock-domain design, and SOC-based design. The practical orientation of the book makes it ideal for training programs for practicing design engineers and for short-term vocational programs. The contents of the book will also make it a useful read for students and hobbyists.