Download or read book Synthesis and Growth of Anisotropic Noble Metal Nanoparticles written by Matthew Gara and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Noble Metal Nanoparticles written by Ignác Capek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the reader the chemistry of reaction approaches by which noble metal nanoparticles are synthesized, including synthetic approaches using the Brust–Schiffrin method , a high-temperature solution-phase synthesis, polymer and biological entities, weak and strong reducing and capping agents, the low and high temperatures, various additives and various novel approaches such as plasma, ionic liquids, UV light and gamma rays and others. This book starts with a brief overview of foundation work concerned with the chapter topics such as nanomaterials, nanoscience, surface-capping molecules, traditional and nontraditional reduction agents, In addition, chemical and physical properties of noble metal nanoparticles with different structures and elements such as monolayered clusters, nanorods, and bimetallic nanoparticles are described comprehensively. The aim is to summarize the fundamentals and mechanistic approaches in the preparation and characterization of metal colloidal nanoparticles and dispersions. In this way the reader is provided with a systematic and coherent picture of the interesting field of nanoscience based on noble metal colloidal nanoparticles. Intended as a wide-ranging overview, the book is a resource for novices in the field as well as for specialists, particularly those scientists working in the area of nanoparticle synthesis. Nanoscience and nanotechnology are discussed from the chemist’s point of view. Therefore, this volume describes in detail the terms, definitions, theories, experiments, and techniques dealing with the synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles. The material presented here is essential reading for research chemists, technologists, and engineers in the fields of specialty nanomaterials and metal industries, and also is highly valuable for researchers in university, institutional, and governmental laboratories, especially for those at advanced stages of their careers.
Download or read book Complex shaped Metal Nanoparticles written by Tapan K. Sau and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-07 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past few years have witnessed the development of non-spherical metal nanoparticles with complex morphologies, which offer tremendous potential in materials science, chemistry, physics and medicine. Covering all important aspects and techniques of preparation and characterization of metal nanoparticles with controlled morphology and architecture, this book provides a sound overview - from the basics right up to recent developments. Renowned research scientists from all over the world present the existing knowledge in the field, covering theory and modeling, synthesis and properties of these nanomaterials. By emphasizing the underlying concepts and principles in detail, this book enables researchers to fully recognize the future research scope and the application potential of the complex-shaped metal nanoparticles, inspiring further research in this field.
Download or read book Mechanistic Insights Into Transformation and Growth of Chalcogenide and Noble Metal Nanoparticles written by Suprita Jharimune and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With conventional methods of colloidal nanoparticle (NP) synthesis, it is often difficult to precisely control NPs size, shape, and chemical composition that are the most important factors in defining their properties and behavior. This has led to a growing interest in the transformation of easily synthesizable nanostructures into more complex ones by post-synthetic modifications such as cation exchange, seeded growth, galvanic exchange, etc. to facilitate independent control over these parameters. In order to develop rational design strategies for the synthesis of colloidal NPs, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms encompassing their growth and transformation. In this dissertation, I have worked on two projects focusing on unraveling transformation and growth mechanisms in nanostructured materials--cation exchange (CE) in CdSe NPs and shape-controlled growth of anisotropic Ag NPs. CE has been utilized as a promising approach to synthesize nanostructures that cannot be synthesized directly from its precursors. The thermodynamic feasibility of a CE system is often based on trial and error because of the unavailability of rigorous quantitative studies. Available quantitative methods are based on lattice energy and solvation energy of bulk crystals that do not account for nanoscale effects. In Chapter 2, I have demonstrated, the thermodynamics of the CE between CdSe NPs and Ag+ in solution can be quantified using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). In this chapter, the influence of CdSe NP diameter, capping ligands, and temperature are surveyed and a detailed description of overall thermodynamic parameters--Keq, [delta]H, [delta]S, and stoichiometry (n) is reported. Gibbs free energy ([delta]Grxn) of CE between CdSe NPs with Ag+ obtained from ITC shows an additional stabilization of ~ -14 kJ/mol compared to values calculated from qualitative methods. In Chapter 3, I extended the application of ITC to measure the influence of cation solvation on CE thermodynamics. In this chapter, the influence of spectator anions, solvents, and exchanging cation identity are surveyed. This work demonstrated the application of ITC to probe thermochemistry of nanoscale transformations under relevant solution conditions. Ag NPs have been synthesized in various shapes (cubes, octahedra, nanowires, etc.) to serve specific applications, however, the mechanism of shape transformation and role of each component in the synthesis is not explicitly understood. Ag nanocubes is primarily synthesized by polyol method, where the solvent is considered as the reducing agent and PVP the shape-directing agent. In Chapter 4, I built an experimental phase diagram for the formation of Ag nanocubes as a function of PVP monomer concentration (Cm) and molecular weight (Mw). Incorporation of PVP with aldehyde and hydroxyl end-groups in the synthesis leads to formation of Ag nanocubes and a mixture of nanocubes and nanowires respectively, indicating that a stronger reducing agent (hydroxyl) forms kinetically preferred nanowires. Measurement of relative rates of Ag+ reduction at different PVP Cm and Mw confirmed the reducing effect originates from the end-groups. Although, the end-group/Ag+ ratio is below stoichiometric, it is demonstrated, PVP end-groups induce the reduction of Ag+ (nucleation), followed by an autocatalytic reduction at a rate commensurate with AgCl dissolution. Combining nanostructure synthesis with polymer synthesis enabled us to quantitively decipher the role of ubiquitously used PVP polymer in nanoparticle shape-control. Ag octahedra are synthesized by seed-mediated growth of Ag NCs in presence of Cu2+ ions, yet, the role of Cu2+ in shape transformation of Ag is still unknown. In Chapter 5, I used several Mn+ (Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Pd2+, and Au3+) to study their relative effect on Ag NCs to octahedra conversion. Guided by findings from these experiments, I proposed a detailed mechanism for the transformation process. Mn+ deposits on Ag (100) surface through underpotential deposition or galvanic exchange reaction, depending on their reduction potential with respect to Ag. This leads to faster growth of the Ag (100) facets, resulting in their disappearance and retention of the Ag (111) facets thus forming Ag octahedra. We envision, these Ag octahedra could be utilized as single atom alloy (SAA) catalysts owing to the very low amount of Mn+ on the Ag octahedra surface. Galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) is often used to synthesize complex porous metal nanostructures by reacting a template NP with a metal salt of higher reduction potential. However, thermodynamics of GRR systems have not been studied before. Motivated by the robustness of ITC in studying thermodynamics of nanocrystals transformation, in Chapter 6, I propose employing ITC to understand the thermodynamics and transformation mechanism of silver nanocube GRR with Au3+, Pd2+, and Pt2+. Preliminary results demonstrate that a combination of calorimetry and spectroscopy can be instrumental in understanding the thermodynamics of nanoparticle transformation via GRR. Additional experiments and characterization to explain the findings from preliminary experiments are suggested.
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Anisotropic Noble Metal Nanostructures for Applications in Nanotechnology written by Mathias Hanisch and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metallic Nanomaterials Part B written by S.S.R. Kumar Challa and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents latest research results on synthesis and application of metallic nanomaterials. Fabrication techniques, analytic properties, as well as theoretical aspects are discussed. Size- and shape-controlled synthesis of silver, gold, copper, ruthenium, tellurium, selenium and palladium nanoparticles are reviewed. Further topics are the synthesis from microplasma and shape-control for electrocatalytic applications.
Download or read book Colloidal Synthesis of Plasmonic Nanometals written by Luis Liz-Marzán and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-23 with total page 911 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noble metal nanoparticles have attracted enormous scientific and technological interest because of their unique optical properties, which are related to surface plasmon resonances. The interest in nanosized metal particles dates back to ancient societies, when metals were used in various forms as decorative elements. From the famous Lycurgus cup, made by the Romans in the 4th century AD, through thousands of stained glasses in churches and cathedrals all over medieval Europe, bright-yellow, green, or red colors have been obtained by a touch of metallic additions during glass blowing. This peculiar interaction of light with nanometals can be widely tuned through the morphology and assembly of nanoparticles, thereby expanding the range of potential applications, from energy and information storage to biomedicine, including novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods. This book compiles recent developments that clearly illustrate the state of the art in this cutting-edge research field. It comprises different review articles written by the teams of Prof. Luis Liz-Marzán, an international leader in chemical nanotechnology who has made seminal contributions to the use of colloid chemistry methods to understand and tailor the growth of metal particles at the nanoscale. Apart from synthesis, the book also describes in detail the plasmonic properties of nanomaterials and illustrates some representative applications. This book will appeal to anyone involved in nanotechnology, nanocrystal growth, nanoplasmonics, and surface-enhanced spectroscopies.
Download or read book Understanding the Growth of Graphene Encapsulated Noble Metal Nanoparticles written by Junchi Wu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major goal of this work was to study the morphological evolution of noble metal nanoparticles such as gold, palladium, and platinum nanoparticles as a function of single-parameter variation in simple synthesis approach. As a next step, these nanoparticles were plasma oxidized to result in surface oxidized noble metal nanoparticles. These noble metal nanoparticles were further utilized for the growth of graphene shells in a chemical vapor deposition method resulting in graphene encapsulated noble metal nanoparticles. In regard to morphological evolution of noble metal nanoparticles, systematic studies were performed, where single growth parameter (temperature, metal salt concentration, surfactant type or concentration, seed amount, or growth duration) was varied while other parameters were kept constant. Gold nanoparticles were synthesized by both single-step method and seed-growth method while palladium and platinum nanoparticles were synthesized at high temperature by alcohol reduction. The size, shape, crystallinity, and sample heterogeneity for the nanoparticles were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Single parameter systematic studies allowed for fundamentally understanding the growth and evolution of noble metal nanoparticles. As temperature increased, nanoparticles size increased due to the decrease of absolute value of volume Gibbs free energy. With the existence of surfactant (e.g. hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide), stabilizer molecules bind to nanoparticles surface with affinity to different facets. When synthesis temperature higher than boiling point of water, the annealing process resulted in rupture of surfactant from weak binding facets, and boosted anisotropic growth of nanoparticles. Subsequently, oxidation behavior of gold, palladium, and platinum were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Gold oxide, palladium oxide, and platinum oxide were found after plasma oxidation. Noble metal nanoparticles were plasma oxidized for 30 min, and then further utilized for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of graphene shells. These graphene encapsulated noble metal nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Aggregation of noble metal nanoparticles was observed after graphene growth. Raman spectra showed D-, G-band for graphene encapsulated gold, palladium and platinum nanoparticles after CVD growth. Raman chemical mapping indicates large area growth of graphene encapsulated nanoparticles.
Download or read book Noble Metal Based Nanocomposites written by Jun Yang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-06-10 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a systematic and coherent picture of the solution-based methods for the preparation of noble metal-based composite nanomaterials, their characterization, and potential applications in electrocatalysis Within the last decade, the development of wet-chemistry methods has led to the blossom of research in composite nanomaterials. However, the design and synthesis of composite nanomaterials with controlled properties remains a significant challenge. This book summarizes the solution-based methods for the preparation of noble metal-based composite nanomaterials. It examines their characterization, as well as their use in electrocatalysis. It also discusses the intrinsic relationship between the catalytic properties and the physical /chemical effects in the composite materials, and offers some perspectives for the future development of metal-based composite nanomaterials. In addition, the book not only provides a systematic and coherent picture of this field, but also inspires rethinking of the current processing technologies. Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites: Preparation and Applications offers in-depth chapter coverage of ethanol-mediated phase transfer of metal ions and nanoparticles. It presents the full range of nanocomposites consisting of chalcogenide semiconductors and gold, silver sulfide, or other noble metals. It also examines core-shell structured cadmium selenide-platinum nanocomposites; Pt-containing Ag2S-noble metal nanocomposites for direct methanol fuel cells operated at high fuel concentrations; and nanocomposites consisting of metal oxides and noble metals. In addition, the book looks at scientific issues derived from noble metal-based nanocomposites. -Covers all of the preparations of noble metal-based nanocomposites and their numerous applications -Highlights some of the recent breakthroughs in the design, engineering, and applications of noble metal-based nanocomposites -Appeals to a wide range audience, especially researchers in the areas of catalysis, chemistry, chemical engineering, materials synthesis and characterization, and fuel cell Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites: Preparation and Applications is an excellent book for inorganic chemists, materials scientists, catalytic chemists, chemical engineers, and those interested in the subject.
Download or read book Metallic Nanostructures written by Yujie Xiong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the design for creation of metal nanomaterials with optimal functionality for specific applications. The authors describe how to make desired metal nanomaterials in a wet lab. They include an overview of applications metal nanomaterials can be implemented in and address the fundamentals in the controlled synthesis of metal nanostructures.
Download or read book Metal Nanocrystals written by Kallum M. Koczkur and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2020-07-31 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our society depends heavily on metals. They are ubiquitous construction materials, critical interconnects in integrated circuits, common coinage materials, and more. Excitingly, new uses for metals are emerging with the advent of nanoscience, as metal crystals with nanoscale dimensions can display new and tunable properties. The optical and photothermal properties of metal nanocrystals have led to cancer diagnosis and treatment platforms now in clinical trials, while, at the same time, the ability to tune the surface features of metal nanocrystals is giving rise to designer catalysts that enable more sustainable use of precious resources. These are just two examples of how metal nanocrystals are addressing important social needs.
Download or read book Metal Nanoparticles written by Yesenia Saylor and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal nanoparticles that have already found numerous applications in science and technology may be obtained in different ways. In the opening study included in Metal Nanoparticles: Properties, Synthesis and Applications, several factors affecting metal nanoparticle morphology in island films are determined. The formation of islet metal films during their deposition in the process of thermal evaporation on a dielectric substrate and their spontaneous changes at room temperature are also described.Following this, the authors present their experimental results on synthesis, modification and destruction of silver nanoparticles in the bulk and surface of silicate glasses. Special attention is paid to the effects of laser and electron-beam irradiation on the above-mentioned processes.The authors go on to review the synthesis of embedded noble metal nanoparticles and their optical properties and potential applications in surface enhanced Raman scattering. The optical properties of NMNPs due to the localized surface plasmon resonance and the enhanced local electromagnetic field which govern their SERS activity will be discussed along with their fundamental mechanisms.The effects of zinc, titanium, copper and oxide thin films with nanostructured surfaces and iron oxide and silver nanoparticles on Enterococcus hirae and Escherichia coli growth and membrane activity are also presented and discussed. The authors suggest that different types of metal nanoparticles could be applied in medicine due to their antimicrobial activity, effeciency in anti-inflammatory effects and potential in anticancer therapy.Next, the development of platinum-metal nanoparticles and their core-shell structures is discussed. The authors analyze in detail the polymeric composite of the metal nanoparticles on the surface of different carbon support materials (e.g. carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon-nanospheres, mesoporous carbon, and carbon nanofibers), showing the synergetic effects on the active surface area of platinum metal catalysts.In one review, the past decade's data regarding the effects of nanoparticles of noble metals on higher plants are considered, as well as possible nanoparticle phytotoxicity. The review discusses the various effects that gold and silver nanoparticles can have on the state, growth, and productivity of plants. Published evidence, although incomplete and contradictory, indicates that metal nanoparticles can have both positive and negative effects on plants.Lastly, glassy carbon electrodes modified with polyphenazine conducting polymers and metallic nanoparticles were used to study the interaction between H2O2 and ascorbic acid. The antioxidant capacity of ascorbic acid measured from this interaction agreed with that reported using non-electrochemical techniques.
Download or read book Metal Nanoparticles written by Daniel L. Fedlheim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-26 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art reference, Metal Nanoparticles offers the latest research on the synthesis, characterization, and applications of nanoparticles. Following an introduction of structural, optical, electronic, and electrochemical properties of nanoparticles, the book elaborates on nanoclusters, hyper-Raleigh scattering, nanoarrays, and several applications including single electron devices, chemical sensors, biomolecule sensors, and DNA detection. The text emphasizes how size, shape, and surface chemistry affect particle performance throughout. Topics include synthesis and formation of nanoclusters, nanosphere lithography, modeling of nanoparticle optical properties, and biomolecule sensors.
Download or read book Green Metal Nanoparticles written by Suvardhan Kanchi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking book uniquely focuses on the exploration of the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their characterization and applications. Metal nanoparticles are the basic elements of nanotechnology as they are the primary source used in the design of nanostructured devices and materials. Nanomaterials can be manufactured either incidentally, with physical or chemical methods, or naturally; and the high demand for them has led to their large-scale production by various toxic solvents or high energy techniques. However, due to the growing awareness of environmental and safety issues, the use of clean, nontoxic and environment-friendly ways to synthesize metal nanoparticles has emerged out of necessity. The use of biological resources, such as microbes, plant parts, vegetable wastes, agricultural wastes, gums, etc., has grown to become an alternative way of synthesizing metal nanoparticles. This biogenic synthesis is green, environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and nontoxic. The current multi-authored book includes recent information and builds a database of bioreducing agents for various metal nanoparticles using different precursor systems. Green Metal Nanoparticles also highlights different simple, cost-effective, environment-friendly and easily scalable strategies, and includes parameters for controlling the size and shape of the materials developed from the various greener methods.
Download or read book Biomimetic Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanocrystals written by Chin-Yi Chiu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the nanometer scale, the physical and chemical properties of materials heavily depend on their sizes and shapes. This fact has triggered considerable efforts in developing controllable nanomaterial synthesis. The controlled growth of colloidal nanocrystal is a kinetic process, in which high-energy facets grow faster and then vanish, leading to a nanocrystal enclosed by low-energy facets. Identifying a surfactant that can selectively bind to a particular crystal facet and thus lower its surface energy, is critical and challenging in shape controlled synthesis of nanocrystals. Biomolecules exhibiting exquisite molecular recognition properties can be exploited to precisely engineer nanostructured materials. In the first part of my thesis, we employed the phage display technique to select a specific multifunctional peptide sequence which can bind on Pd surface and mediate Pd crystal nucleation and growth, achieving size controlled synthesis of Pd nanocrystals in aqueous solution. We further demonstrated a rational biomimetic approach to the predictable synthesis of nanocrystals enclosed by a particular facet in the case of Pt. Specifically, Pt {100} and Pt {111} facet-specific peptides were identified and used to synthesize Pt nanocubes and Pt nano-tetrahedrons, respectively. The mechanistic studies of Pt {111} facet-specific peptide had led us to study the facet-selective adsorption of aromatic molecules on noble metal surfaces. The discoveries had achieved the development of design strategies to select facet-selective molecules which can synthesize nanocrystals with expected shapes in both Pt and Pd system. At last, we exploited Pt facet-specific peptides and controlled the molecular interaction to produce one- and three- dimensional nanostructures composed of anisotropic nanoparticles in synthetic conditions without supramolecular pre-organization, demonstrating the full potential of biomolecules in mediating material formation process. My research on biomimetic synthesis of nanocrystals with shape control and nanostructures with control over the anisotropy are unprecedented, representing a step forward in achieving the goal of producing complex nanostructures with required properties. The fundamental studies on the biomolecule-inorganic interfaces have contributed to advancing the synthesis tool of colloidal nanomaterials and enriching understating of organic-inorganic interface, impacting many applications.
Download or read book Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles written by Mozhgan Bahadory and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metallic Nanomaterials written by Kumar Challa and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents latest research results on synthesis and application of metallic nanomaterials. Fabrication techniques, analytic properties, as well as theoretical aspects are discussed. Size- and shape-controlled synthesis of silver, gold, copper, ruthenium, tellurium, selenium and palladium nanoparticles are reviewed. Further topics are the synthesis from microplasma and shape-control for electrocatalytic applications.
