Download or read book Synthesis and Fluorescence and in Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies of Some Rhenium I Diimine Complexes written by David H. Orsa and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer is the leading cause of death in the world. There are conventional methods for cancer treatment, but each has its limitations or drawbacks. These circumstances have led researchers to look for new cytotoxic agents which could be used for cancer treatment. Here, convenient one-pot synthesis of several photoluminescent rhenium(I) diimine complexes and their screening for anticancer properties are presented. The rhenium(I) complexes include fac-(CO)3(Bipy)ReCl (1), fac-(CO)3(Phen)ReCl (2), fac-(CO) 3(2,9-Me2Phen)ReCl (3), fac-(CO) 3(2,9-Me2-4,7-Ph2Phen)ReCl (4), (CO) 3(Quinox)Re(mu-OC5H11)2Re(CO) 3-(Quinox) (5), [(CO)3Re(mu-OC5H 11)2Re(CO)3]2(mu-Pyrazine)2 (6), [(CO)3Re(mu-OC5H11) 2Re(CO)3]2(mu-4,4'-Bipy)2 ( 7), and [(CO)3(2,9-Me2Phen)Re(mu-H)Re(2,9- Me2Phen)(CO)3]+[(CO)3Re (mu-OC 5H11)3Re(CO)3]- ( 8). The complexes have been characterized using spectroscopic techniques and the molecular structures of 3-8 have been confirmed through X-ray crystal structure determinations. As expected, these complexes exhibit fluorescence. The anticancer properties of 1-8 are evaluated using the human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) and breast cancer cell line (MCF-7A). The results of this study demonstrate that these complexes have significant anticancer properties. For example, the complex 6 is highly effective against MCF-7A and the complex 1 is highly effective against PC-3. Therefore, these complexes can potentially find applications in the treatment of some cancers.-- Abstract.

Download or read book Synthesis Optical and Luminescence Studies of Rhenium i Diimine Alkynyl Complexes and Their Utilization As Building Blocks for the Assembly of Multinuclear and Mixed Metal Complexes written by CHAN-FUNG. LAM and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Synthesis, Optical and Luminescence Studies of Rhenium(I) Diimine Alkynyl Complexes and Their Utilization as Building Blocks for the Assembly of Multinuclear and Mixed-metal Complexes" by Chan-fung, Lam, 林親鳳, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled SYNTHESIS, OPTICAL AND LUMINESCENCE STUDIES OF RHENIUM(I) DIIMINE ALKYNYL COMPLEXES AND THEIR UTILIZATION AS BUILDING BLOCKS FOR THE ASSEMBLY OF MULTINUCLEAR AND MIXED-METAL COMPLEXES submitted by LAM Chan Fung for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in July 2005 A series of mononuclear rhenium(I) diimine complexes with hyperbranched or functional alkynyl ligands, [C H -1,3-(HC C C H C C) -5-{Re(CO) (N N)(C C 6 3 6 4 2 3 t C H C C)}] (N N = bpy, Bu bpy) and [Re(CO) (N N)(C C C C R)] (R = C H I-p, 6 4 2 3 6 4 C H C C SiMe -p, CHC C H-p, C H OSiMe Bu-p, CHOH-p) have been 6 4 3 6 4 6 4 2 6 4 synthesized. The X-ray crystal structures of [CH-1,3-(HCCCHCC)-5-{Re(CO)(Bubpy)(CCCHCC)}] and 63 64 2 32 64 [Re(CO)(Bubpy)(CCCCCHCCH-p)] have been presented. By employing 32 64 [Re(CO) (N N)(C C C C C H I-p)] as a precursor, a series of dinuclear rhenium(I) 3 6 4 alkynyl complexes with extended conjugation, [Re(CO) (N N)(C CC C C H C C 3 6 4 t (C H ) C C C H C CC C)Re(CO) (N N)] [n = 0, 1; N N = Bu bpy, (CF ) bpy], 6 4 n 6 4 3 2 3 2 have been prepared. Additionally, a series of symmetrical and unsymmetrical trinuclear rhenium(I) alkynyl complexes, [C H -1,3,5-{Re(CO) (N N)(C C C C 6 3 3 t t C H C C)} ] [N N = Bu bpy, (CF ) bpy] and [C H -1,3-{Re(CO) (Bu bpy)(C C 6 4 3 2 3 2 6 3 3 2 C C C H C C C H C C)} -5-{Re(CO) ( Bu bpy)(C C C H C C)}], have also 6 4 6 4 2 3 2 6 4 been synthesized. The lowest-lying excited states of these complexes were 3 3 tentatively assigned as admixture of MLCT[d (Re) *(N N)], LLCT[ (C C R) 3 *(N N)] and IL[ (C C R) *(C C R)] origin. Besides, a series of luminescent heterometallic rhenium(I) palladium(II) t complexes, trans-[Pd(PEt ) Cl{(C C Ar C C)Re(CO) (N N)}] (N N = bpy, Bu bpy; 3 2 3 2 Ar = C H S, C H ) and trans-[Pd(PEt ) {(C C C H C C)Re(CO) ( Bu bpy)} ], have 4 2 6 4 3 2 6 4 3 2 2 been synthesized. The X-ray crystal structures of t trans-[Pd(PEt)Cl{(CCCHCC)Re(CO)(N N)}] (N N = bpy, Bu bpy) have been 32 64 3 2 determined. Their emission was attributed to MLCT[d (Re) *(N N)] 3 phosphorescence mixed with LLCT[ (C C R) *(N N)] character. A lower emission energy for the hetero-bimetallic complex was observed upon coordination of the electron-rich palladium(II) moiety into the rhenium(I) alkynyl system. However, replacement of the remaining chloro group on the palladium centre with an additional rhenium(I) alkynyl moiety resulted in a higher energy emission for the hetero-trimetallic complex. A series of luminescent heterometallic rhenium(I) platinum(II) phosphine complexes, [{Re(CO)(NN)(CCCHCC)}Pt(PP)] [PP = dppe, depe, 3 6 4 2 t cis-(PEt), trans-(PEt ); N N = Bu bpy, (CF ) bpy], have been synthesized. The 32 3 2 2 3 2 X-ray crystal structure of [{Re(CO){(CF)bpy}(C C CH C C)}Pt(dppe)] has 3 3 2 6 4 2 been determined. The emission was ascribed as derived from states of a [d (Re) 3 3 *(N N)] MLCT origin that mixed with LLCT[ (C C R) *(N N)] character; or alternatively, as an excited state of a [ {C C C H C C Pt(P P)} *(N N)] 6 4 metalloligand-to-ligand charge transfer character. Another new class of luminescent heterometallic rhenium(I)platinum(II) polypyridine alkynyl complexes, t [Re

Download or read book Design and Synthesis of Rhenium I Tricarbonyl Complexes and Scientific Education of Nuclear Chemistry written by Chilaluck Charlene Konkankit and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite significant advances in medicinal chemistry, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In conjunction with surgical resection and radiotherapy, chemotherapy is still the predominant strategy for cancer treatment. The current standard of care for this disease typically include the use of platinum-based drugs, such as cisplatin. Despite its widespread success and implementation, some patients experience relapse forms of the disease. For example, approximately 70% of ovarian cancer patients will experience relapse in which previous chemotherapy regimens are no longer effective. This platinum resistance is multifactorial, and the investigation of alternative anticancer metal complexes that lack cross resistance with cisplatin is a promising approach for developing new drug candidates. Among the potential alternative transition metals, complexes of rhenium have demonstrated their effectiveness at killing cancer. The most common class of rhenium compounds investigated for chemotherapy are the rhenium(I) tricarbonyl (Re(CO)3) structures, often bearing diimine ligands. Our lab has studied this class of compounds extensively, and here, I discuss our approaches for designing different structures of rhenium and our findings on their mechanisms of action. Chapter 1 is a comprehensive review of the anticancer activities of different drug candidates bearing the third row transition metals, rhenium, osmium, and iridium. Chapter 2 discusses the promising in vivo antitumor properties of a first-generation Re(CO)3 developed in our lab. Chapter 3 pursues a new route for generation a library of Re(CO)3 complexes in a quick, facile manner with studies on circumventing platinum resistance. Chapter 4 investigates how the lipophilicity of these structures affect the rate at which they induce cancer cell death. In Chapter 5, we discuss the addition of a covalently bound axial ligand, how its incorporation affects biological activity, and exploit the use of X-ray fluorescence microscopy to reveal the speciation of this class of rhenium isonitrile compounds. Appendix A reports a folate receptor targeting compound for treating ovarian cancer. In addition to my work on developing rhenium-based anticancer agents, I have also contributed significantly to the educational aspect of the Wilson Research Group. In this dissertation, I discuss the lack of tools and opportunities for teaching nuclear chemistry and radioactivity to students at the middle school, high school, and undergraduate levels. In Chapter 6, I discuss the design of workshop activities to provide tangible, hands-on activities for students to learn about radioactivity and isotopes. In Chapter 7 appears a new undergraduate laboratory experiment emphasizing radioactive safety including distance, shielding, and exposure time to radioactive sources. This research details synthetic protocols for developing rhenium compounds as well as novel approaches for teaching nuclear chemistry and radioactivity. As new complexes of rhenium are generated, we gain more insight on how to design future anticancer agents and what mechanisms of action contribute to circumventing cross resistance with platinum-based drugs. Additionally, the implementation of the activities and experiments outlined in Chapters 6 and 7 will give rise to a generation of scientists that have more knowledge and experience handling radioactive materials.

Download or read book Design and Synthesis of Luminescent Rhenium i and Ruthenium ii Diimine Complexes for the Recognition of Ions and Small Molecules by Host Guest Interactions written by 紀思輝 and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Design and Synthesis of Luminescent Rhenium(I) and Ruthenium(II) Diimine Complexes for the Recognition of Ions and Small Molecules by Host-guest Interactions" by 紀思輝, Sze-fai, Alex, Kai, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3123866 Subjects: Rhenium compounds - Synthesis Ions Molecular recognition

Download or read book Synthesis Optical and Luminescence Studies of Rhenium I Diimine Alkynyl Complexes and Their Utilization as Building Blocks for the Assembly of Multinuclear and Mixed metal Complexes written by Chan-fung Lam and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Synthesis and Photosensitizing Properties of Sublimable Rhenium Diimine Complexes written by Hei-Ling Wong and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Synthesis and Photosensitizing Properties of Sublimable Rhenium Diimine Complexes" by Hei-ling, Wong, 黃喜玲, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOSENSITIZING PROPERTIES OF SUBLIMABLE RHENIUM DIIMINE COMPLEXES Submitted by Wong Hei Ling for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in January 2007 Two series of rhenium diimine complexes based on bis(phenylimino)acenaphthene-derived and benzothiazole-derived ligands were synthesized and their uses in fabricating highly efficient photovoltaic devices are presented. The electronic absorption bands, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels of these rhenium complexes could be modified easily by changing the structure of ligands. These rhenium complexes were used as the photosensitizers in photovoltaic cells. A series of multilayer bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices with the device structure ITO/CuPc/Complex: C /C /Al (ITO = indium tin oxide coated glass, 60 60 and CuPc = copper phthalocyanine) based on different rhenium complex photosensitizers co-deposited with C in the active layer was fabricated. ITO 60 serves as the anode and Al as the cathode. CuPc and C were used as the hole and 60 electron transport materials, respectively. The complexes are thermally stable and can be processed by thermal evaporation under high vacuum. Multilayer thin films with very good optical quality and smooth surface morphology were prepared. The effects of varying the hole transport material, thickness of hole transport material, rhenium complex photosensitizer, mixed layer thickness, active layer composition, and light intensity to the performance of the photovoltaic cells were studied systematically. It was found that the short-circuit current (I ) and SC fill-factor (FF) could be significantly affected by varying the device configuration. However no significant change in the open-circuit voltage (V ) was observed., OC For the devices fabricated from rhenium diimine complexes based on bis(phenylimino)acenaphthene-derived ligands, it was found that the highest power conversion efficiency (η ) was achieved for the bulk heterojunction photovoltaic device ITO/CuPc(10 nm)/Complex: C [3:7](125 nm)/C (10 60 60 nm)/Al(60 nm), in which bis(phenylimino)acenaphthene rhenium tricarbonyl chloride was used as the photosensitizer. The highest I and η were measured to SC p be 5.97 mA/cm and 1.40 %, respectively under air mass (AM) 1.5 simulated solar light illumination (100mW/cm ). For the devices fabricated from rhenium diimine complexes based on benzothiazole-derived ligands, it was found that the optimized device structure was ITO/CuPc(10 nm)/Complex: C [4:6](150 60 nm)/C (10 nm)/Al(60 nm), in which 1-(2-benzothiazolyl)isoquinoline rhenium 60 tricarbonyl chloride was used as the photosensitizer. The highest I and η were SC p measured to be 5.71 mA/cm and 1.72 %, respectively. The role of these rhenium complexes in the photosensitization process was studied by measuring the incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE) at different wavelengths. The photocurrent response agreed well with the absorption spectra of the rhenium complexes, CuPc, and C . This suggests that all these compounds are playing important roles as the 60 photosensitizers in the photovoltaic cell and essential to the photovoltaic process. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3786589 Subjects: Rhenium compounds - Synthesis Photosensitizing compounds Photovoltaic

Download or read book Synthesis Characterization Electrochemistry and Photophysical Studies of Rhenium I Tricarbonyl Diimine Complexes with Carboxaldehyde Alkynyl Ligands written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diimine Complexes of Ruthenium ii Rhenium i and Iron ii from Synthesis to DFT Studies written by R. A. Kirgan and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Author's abstract] The chloro and pyridinate derivatives of rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes containing the diimine ligands 2,2'-bipyrazine (bpz) and 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyrazine (Me2bpz) are discussed. When compared to similar rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes of 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) and 2,2'-bipyrimidine (bpm), the Me2bpz complexes are comparable to bpm derivatives and their properties are intermediate between those of bpy and bpz complexes. Also discussed is the synthesis and properties of two new analogues of ruthenium(II) tris-bipyridine, a monomer and dimer. The complexes contain the ligand 6,6'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis-2,2'-bipyridine (O-bpy) which contains two bipyridine units bridged in the 6,6' positions by an ethylene group. Crystal structures of the two complexes formulated as [Ru(bpy)(O-bpy)](PF6)2 and [(Ru(bpy)2)2(O-bpy)](PF6)4 reveal structures of lower symmetry than D3 which affects the electronic properties of the complexes as revealed by Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) calculations. Iron(II) tris-bipyrazine undergoes dissociation in solution with loss of the three bipyrazine ligands. The rate of the reaction in acetonitrile depends on the concentration of anions present in the solution. The rate is fastest in the presence of Cl- and slowest in the presence of Br-. In a second discussion DFT calculations are used to explore four iron(II) diimine complexes. DFT calculations show the higher energy HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) orbitals of the four complexes are metal centered and the lower energy LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals) are ligand centered.

Download or read book Synthesis and Photoconducting Properties of Molecular and Polymeric Rhenium Diimine Complexes written by 林思敏 and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Synthesis and Photoconducting Properties of Molecular and Polymeric Rhenium Diimine Complexes" by 林思敏, Sze-man, Lillian, Lam, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3124324 Subjects: Rhenium compounds Photoconductivity

Download or read book Synthesis and Photophysical Studies of Some Rhenium Tricarbonyl and Tetracarbonyl Complexes written by Randy J. Shaver and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reviews in Fluorescence 2010 written by Chris D. Geddes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-25 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews in Fluorescence 2010, the seventh volume of the book serial from Springer, serves as a comprehensive collection of current trends and emerging hot topics in the field of fluorescence and closely related disciplines. It summarizes the year’s progress in fluorescence and its applications, with authoritative analytical reviews specialized enough to be attractive to professional researchers, yet also appealing to the wider audience of scientists in related disciplines of fluorescence. Reviews in Fluorescence offers an essential reference material for any lab working in the fluorescence field and related areas. All academics, bench scientists, and industry professionals wishing to take advantage of the latest and greatest in the continuously emerging field of fluorescence will find it an invaluable resource. Key features: Accessible utility in a single volume reference. chapters authored by known leading figures in the fluorescence field, new volume publishes annually, comprehensive coverage of the year's hottest and emerging topics, each Reviews in Fluorescence volume is citable (ISI) and indexed. Reviews in Fluorescence 2010 topics include: Novel Metal-based Luminophores for Biological Imaging. hydration Dynamics of Probes and Peptides in Captivity, how does tobacco etch viral mRNA get translated? A fluorescence study of competition, stability and kinetics, synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Its Applications in Clinical Analysis and Food Safety Evaluation, quantitative molecular imaging in living cells via FLIM, a Multiparametric Imaging of Cellular Coenzymes for Monitoring Metabolic and Mitochondrial Activities, optimal Conditions for Live Cell Microscopy and Raster Image Correlation Spectroscopy (RICS).

Download or read book Technetium and Rhenium written by Kenji Yoshihara and published by Springer. This book was released on 1995-11-15 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Metallo Drugs Development and Action of Anticancer Agents written by Astrid Sigel and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 18, entitled Metallo-Drugs: Development and Action of Anticancer Agents of the series Metal Ions in Life Sciences centers on biological, medicinal inorganic chemistry. The serendipitous discovery of the antitumor activity of cis-diamminodichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin) by Barnett Rosenberg in the 1960s is a landmark in metallodrug-based chemotherapy. The success of cisplatin in the clinic, followed by oxaliplatin and carboplatin, along with their drawbacks relating mainly to resistance development and severe toxicity, initiated research on polynuclear platinum complexes and on Pt(IV) complexes as prodrugs. Furthermore, the indicated shortcomings led to the exploration of other transition and main group metal ions, among them Ru(II/III), Au(I/III), Ti(IV), V(IV/V), and Ga(III) including also the essential metal ions Fe(II/III), Cu(I/II), and Zn(II). Ionic as well as covalent and non-covalent interactions between structurally very different complexes and biomolecules like nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates are studied and discussed with regard to their possible anticancer actions. Hence, MILS-18 summarizes the research at the forefront of medicinal inorganic chemistry, including studies on the next-generation, tailor-made anticancer drugs. All this and more is treated in an authoritative and timely manner in the 17 stimulating chapters of this book, written by 39 internationally recognized experts from 10 nations (from the US via Europe to China and Australia). The impact of this vibrant research area is manifested by more than 2700 references, nearly 150 illustrations (more than half in color) and several comprehensive tables. Metallo-Drugs: Development and Action of Anticancer Agents is an essential resource for scientists working in the wide range from enzymology, material sciences, analytical, organic, and inorganic biochemistry all the way through to medicine including the clinic ... not forgetting that it also provides excellent information for teaching.

Download or read book Advances in Induction and Microwave Heating of Mineral and Organic Materials written by Stanisław Grundas and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-02-14 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers comprehensive coverage of the broad range of scientific knowledge in the fields of advances in induction and microwave heating of mineral and organic materials. Beginning with industry application in many areas of practical application to mineral materials and ending with raw materials of agriculture origin the authors, specialists in different scientific area, present their results in the two sections: Section 1-Induction and Microwave Heating of Mineral Materials, and Section 2-Microwave Heating of Organic Materials.

Download or read book Luminescent and Photoactive Transition Metal Complexes as Biomolecular Probes and Cellular Reagents written by Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-30 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Structure and Bonding publishes critical reviews on topics of research concerned with chemical structure and bonding. The scope of the series spans the entire Periodic Table and addresses structure and bonding issues associated with all of the elements. It also focuses attention on new and developing areas of modern structural and theoretical chemistry such as nanostructures, molecular electronics, designed molecular solids, surfaces, metal clusters and supramolecular structures. Physical and spectroscopic techniques used to determine, examine and model structures fall within the purview of Structure and Bonding to the extent that the focus is on the scientific results obtained and not on specialist information concerning the techniques themselves. Issues associated with the development of bonding models and generalizations that illuminate the reactivity pathways and rates of chemical processes are also relevant. The individual volumes in the series are thematic. The goal of each volume is to give the reader, whether at a university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to a larger scientific audience. Thus each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years should be presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. A description of the physical basis of the experimental techniques that have been used to provide the primary data may also be appropriate, if it has not been covered in detail elsewhere. The coverage need not be exhaustive in data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the new principles being developed that will allow the reader, who is not a specialist in the area covered, to understand the data presented. Discussion of possible future research directions in the area is welcomed. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Readership: research scientists at universities or in industry, graduate students Special offer For all customers who have a standing order to the print version of Structure and Bonding, we offer free access to the electronic volumes of the Series published in the current year via SpringerLink.

Download or read book Cadmium From Toxicity to Essentiality written by Astrid Sigel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-26 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 11 provides in an authoritative and timely manner in 16 stimulating chapters, written by 40 internationally recognized experts from 11 nations, and supported by more than 2600 references, 35 tables, and over 100 illustrations, many in color, a most up-to-date view on the role of cadmium for life, presently a vibrant research area. MILS-11 covers the bioinorganic chemistry of Cd(II), its biogeochemistry, anthropogenic release into the environment, and speciation in the atmosphere, waters, soils, and sediments. The analytical tools for Cd determination, its imaging in cells, and the use of 113Cd NMR to probe Zn(II) and Ca(II) proteins are summarized, as are Cd(II) interactions with nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino acids, and proteins including metallothioneins. The phytoremediation by Cd(II)-accumulating plants, etc., the toxicology of Cd(II), its damage to mammalian organs, and its role as a carcinogen for humans, are highlighted.

Download or read book Energy Resources through Photochemistry and Catalysis written by Michael Gratzel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy Resources through Photochemistry and Catalysis reviews the state of the art in the development of energy conversion devices based on catalytic and photochemical reactions. The focus is on catalysis of redox reactions and their application to the photocleavage of water, reduction of carbon dioxide, and fixation of nitrogen. Some fundamental aspects of catalysis as it relates to processes of light energy harvesting and charge separation in photochemical or photoelectrochemical conversion systems are also discussed. This monograph is comprised of 16 chapters covering light-induced redox reactions and reaction dynamics in organized assemblies such as micelles, colloidal metals, or semiconductors, together with strategies for molecular engineering of artificial photosynthetic devices. The principles of electrochemical conversion of light energy via semiconductor electrodes or semiconducting particles are also considered. Furthermore, thermodynamic characteristics for some reactions that can be utilized for storage of solar energy in the form of chemical energy are examined. The remaining chapters look at the role of porphyrins in natural and artificial photosynthesis; the use of semiconductor powders and particulate systems for photocatalysis and photosynthesis; and hydrogen-generating solar cells based on platinum-group metal activated photocathodes. This text will be a useful resource for scientists and policymakers concerned with finding alternative sources of energy.