Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of CuSCN for Extremely Thin Absorber Solar Cells written by Thinh Le and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide and Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Powders Used as the Absorber of Thin film Solar Cells written by 林詣軒 and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thin Film Solar Cells From Earth Abundant Materials written by Subba Ramaiah Kodigala and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental concept of the book is to explain how to make thin film solar cells from the abundant solar energy materials by low cost. The proper and optimized growth conditions are very essential while sandwiching thin films to make solar cell otherwise secondary phases play a role to undermine the working function of solar cells. The book illustrates growth and characterization of Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 thin film absorbers and their solar cells. The fabrication process of absorber layers by either vacuum or non-vacuum process is readily elaborated in the book, which helps for further development of cells. The characterization analyses such as XPS, XRD, SEM, AFM etc., lead to tailor the physical properties of the absorber layers to fit well for the solar cells. The role of secondary phases such as ZnS, Cu2-xS,SnS etc., which are determined by XPS, XRD or Raman, in the absorber layers is promptly discussed. The optical spectroscopy analysis, which finds band gap, optical constants of the films, is mentioned in the book. The electrical properties of the absorbers deal the influence of substrates, growth temperature, impurities, secondary phases etc. The low temperature I-V and C-V measurements of Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 thin film solar cells are clearly described. The solar cell parameters such as efficiency, fill factor, series resistance, parallel resistance provide handful information to understand the mechanism of physics of thin film solar cells in the book. The band structure, which supports to adjust interface states at the p-n junction of the solar cells is given. On the other hand the role of window layers with the solar cells is discussed. The simulation of theoretical efficiency of Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 thin film solar cells explains how much efficiency can be experimentally extracted from the cells. - One of the first books exploring how to conduct research on thin film solar cells, including reducing costs - Detailed instructions on conducting research
Download or read book Investigation of L cystine Assisted Cu3BiS3 Synthesis for Energetically and Environmentally Improved Integration as Thin film Solar Cell P type Semiconductor Absorber written by Brian D. Viezbicke and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar photovoltaic energy technology is increasingly implemented in response to continuously growing global energy needs. While legacy technology utilizing silicon has captured much of the market, thin-film solar modules are projected to rise particularly in the U.S. production sector. Current materials utilized in production and deployment encounter resource and environmental impact constraints. This research investigates the viably controllable synthesis of multi-crystalline copper bismuth sulfide for potential use as an absorber layer in thin-film solar cells and early investigation of thin-film growth parameters which may enable a cost-effective route to full scale production of epitaxial copper bismuth sulfide films. The first step of this investigation has entailed a novel route for the solvo-thermally grown Cu3BiS3 films facilitated by L-cystine as a sulfur donating and complexing agent. In the characterization of the nanoparticulate product UV-VIS spectra were analyzed via the Tauc method of bandgap interpolation. The validity of the Tauc method in application to polycrystalline films has been investigated and proven to be robust for the material class. This justifies the bandgap assessment of the subject material and provides support for wider use of the method. With the synthesis method established, the reaction was transferred to a custom built continuous flow reactor to explore this process and help understand its capabilities and limits with respect to producing single layers for an eventual photovoltaic cell stack. Though the published work has established novel chemistry, the need to deposit and/or grow a functional p-type layer for further characterization and eventual device incorporation is key to the material evolution. First evidence of continuous flow micro-reactor deposition of Cu3BiS3 has been shown with an array of resulting microstructures. The grown microstructures are evaluated with relevance to prior synthesis laboratory procedure and recommendations are made for continuing the pursuit of a functional Cu3BiS3 coating mediated by L-cystine in a continuous flow micro-reactor.
Download or read book Solution Processing for Copper Indium Sulfide Solar Cells written by Stephen Thacker Connor and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the field of photovoltaics has become increasingly important due to rising energy demand and climate change. While most solar cells are currently composed of crystalline silicon, devices with thinner films of inorganic absorber materials might allow production at a greater scale due to their lower materials cost. In particular, thin films of CuInS2 are promising solar absorber materials due to their high efficiencies and low required thicknesses. However, the fabrication of thin film solar cells currently requires expensive vacuum techniques. As an alternative, solution-based deposition techniques have been proposed as a route to low-cost and high-throughput electronic device fabrication. I have studied how film growth depends on solutuion deposited precursor film quality, with the goal of producing large grained films of CuInS2 through solution processing. In the first approach, we used solvothermal decomposition of organometallic precursors at moderate temperatures to produce nanoparticles of CuInS2. Thin films of these nanoparticles were cast onto molybdenum coated glass and further processed to create CuInS2 solar cells. We found that performance was dependent on film porosity, grain size, and stoichiometry of the nanoparticles. Films with grain sizes of ~200nm were attained, from which 1.3% efficient solar cells were made. In addition, we showed that this synthesis could be extended to produce CuInS2 nanoparticles with partial substitution of Fe, Zn, and Ga. In the second approach, we synthesized an air-stable hybrid organometallic/nanoparticle ink at room temperature in ambient conditions through a vulcanization reaction. This ink could be coated onto substrates in smooth layers, and further reactive annealing formed large grained CuInS2 films. This process was characterized, and a correlation between residual carbon and grain growth was found. Additionally, the chemical transformation between precursor layers and final sulfide thin film was analyzed, with an emphasis on the difference between sulfurization and selenization. We demonstrated that the sulfurization process was producing morphological defects due to its nucleation limited growth mechanism. However, it was modified to more closely resemble the diffusion limited selenization mechanism, thus producing flat films of CuInS2 with grain sizes of ~500nm.
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Silver Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Thin film Solar Cells written by 吳俊杰 and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization Modification of Copper and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Application as Absorber Material in Silicon Based Thin Film Solar Cells written by Maurice René Nuys and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Copper Indium Diselenide based Solar Cells with a Thin Zinc Selenide Intermediate Layer written by Ji-Beom Yoo and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemically Deposited Nanocrystalline Metal Oxide Thin Films written by Fabian I. Ezema and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-26 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book guides beginners in the areas of thin film preparation, characterization, and device making, while providing insight into these areas for experts. As chemically deposited metal oxides are currently gaining attention in development of devices such as solar cells, supercapacitors, batteries, sensors, etc., the book illustrates how the chemical deposition route is emerging as a relatively inexpensive, simple, and convenient solution for large area deposition. The advancement in the nanostructured materials for the development of devices is fully discussed.
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Solar Cells on Flexible Substrates written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on Cu2znsnse4 Thin Film As Solar Cell Absorber Layer written by Suresh Babu Gandham and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-08 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar cells have high potential as an alternative energy technology for fulfilling the energy needs. It has the additional advantage being environmentally friendly. Solar photovoltaic cells based on single crystalline Si are prohibitively expensive. Hence, researchers are looking for solar cell materials which are cheap and abundant. Successful thin film solar cells based on CuInGaSe2 uses costly and non-abundant elements like In & Ga, CdTe uses toxic material Cd. To overcome these associated difficulties, we have chosen Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin films which contain elements which are relatively cheap, abundant and less toxic. In this book a brief review of the solar cell absorber layers were presented along with their successes and present market values. Focus is mainly concentrated on the qualities and suitability of Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin films as absorber layers. Preparation (using co-evaporation)and characterization details of this materials are highlighted. Parameters like optimum deposition conditions and ratio between elements re given. Brief description of window preparation and characterization is also presented along with the scope for future work to encourage the readers.
Download or read book Nanostructured Ceramic Oxides for Supercapacitor Applications written by Avinash Balakrishnan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-19 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fresh and innovative technology is currently being recognized as a viable replacement for batteries. Research in the field of supercapacitors, as well as in the area of ceramic materials and their application to supercapacitor development, has spawned Nanostructured Ceramic Oxides for Supercapacitor Applications. Featuring key contributions from
Download or read book Physics Chemistry and Application of Nanostructures written by V. E. Borisenko and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2009 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents invited reviews and original short notes with recent results obtained in fabrication study and application of nanostructures, which are promising for new generations of electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Download or read book Cu2ZnSnSe4 Synthesis and Characterization written by Zhiqiang Wang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin film photovoltaic has attracted much attention for its high potential to decrease production cost to develop cost-effective and high performance solar cells. Among all these promising materials, chalcopyrite copper indium gallium selenide Cu(In, Ga)(S, Se)2 have gained the highest reputation for its achieved high power conversion efficiency. Laboratory-scale conversion efficiency up to 20.3% has been recently achieved for a CIGS solar cell deposited on a glass substrate. Therefore, the successful commercialization of CIGS cell technology highly relies on the cost reduction. However, the element Indium in CIGS is not earth abundant and therefore hinders the further decrease in production cost. As a potential substitute, quaternary chalcogenide Cu 2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) has received more attention nowadays, as it consists of all earth abundant elements and therefore is more environmentally friendly. So in this research, we focus on the synthesis and characterization of CZTSe. In this research, quaternary Cu2ZnSnSe4 particles, useful for low cost solar cell synthesis, were successfully prepared using sonochemistry assisted solid state synthesis method. The pathways of the reactions during the synthesis as a function of the annealing temperature were studied by X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) with the identification of the intermediate binary phases (Cu-Se, Zn-Se, Sn-Se), ternary phases (Cu-Sn-Se, Cu-Zn-Se) and the eventual formation of the quaternary phase Cu2ZnSnSe4. The obtained particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis optical absorption spectoscopy. The results showed that the annealing temperature of 450°C is optimal for the formation of pure quaternary phase. However, the temperature range within which pure Cu2ZnSnSe4 could be obtained was very narrow and Cu2ZnSnSe4 decomposes to various binary and ternary phases as the temperature is increased above the stability range. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy illustrated that the particles had high absorption of visible light and had a direct band gap around 1.2 eV. These findings demonstrated a low-cost and environmentally friendly method to synthesize CZTSe particles.
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Silver Indium Diselenide Used as the Absorber in Thin film Solar Cells written by 簡思佳 and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Growth Characterization and Thermodynamic Modeling of Absorber and Transparent Conducting Oxides for Copper Indium Diselenide Based Thin Film Solar Cells written by Lei L. Kerr and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Processes at the Semiconductor Solution Interface 4 written by C. O'Dwyer and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The symposium consisted of four half-day sessions on topics at the forefront of semiconductor electrochemistry and solution-based processing including etching, patterning, passivation, porosity formation, electrochemical film growth, energy conversion materials, deposition, semiconductor surface functionalization, photoelectrochemical and optical properties, and other related processes. This issue of ECS Transactions contains 18 of the papers presented including invited papers by H. Föll (Christian-Albrechts University Kiel), J. N. Chazalviel (Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS), D. N. Buckley (University of Limerick, and Past President, ECS), J. D. Holmes (University College Cork), E. Chassaing (IRDEP, EDF-CNRS-ENSCP).
