Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Polymer Actuators written by Nathan Alan Vandesteeg and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conducting polymers are known to mechanically respond to electrochemical stimuli and have been utilized as linear actuators. To date, the most successful mechanism for actuation is ionic ingress and egress, though mechanisms based on conformational changes and molecular interactions have also been proposed. In the pursuit of new conducting polymer actuators it is necessary to design, synthesize, and characterize new materials, spanning scientific disciplines from synthetic chemistry to materials and mechanical engineering. As such, the topics of synthesis and characterization of new conducting polymers are discussed, highlighting developments in techniques and instrumentation. Actuation in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), or PEDOT, and composites of PEDOT and carbon nanotubes is presented, demonstrating strains of 4.5% and strain rates of 0.2% per second with faster responses generated in carbon nanotube composites. Actuation in poly(3-hexylthiophene) is presented, demonstrating the observation of a novel actuation mechanism relating the potential of the polymer to the mechanical response. Further study of the actuation of polypyrrole at temperatures above 25°C is also discussed, in which response times decrease and magnitudes increase with temperature. Discrete time models of equivalent circuits and diffusion are utilized to predict conducting polymer actuator performance.
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Conducting Polymer Actuators written by Priam Vasudevan Pillai and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conducting polymers such as polypyrrole, polythiophene and polyaniline are currently studied as novel biologically inspired actuators. The actuation mechanism of these materials depends upon the motion of ions in and out of the polymer film during electrochemical cycling. The diffusion of ions into the bulk of the film causes the dynamic mechanical and electrical properties of the material to change during oxidation and reduction. The mechanism of this change is not fully understood, as it can depend on many different factors such as oxidation state, solvation of the film and the level of counter ion swelling. In-situ measurement of the dynamic mechanical compliance and electrical impedance of polypyrrole as a function of charge is difficult, since the compliance depends upon the excitation frequency as well as the electrochemical stimulus. Here, we have developed novel experimental techniques that use stochastic input waveforms to dynamically measure the compliance and impedance response of conducting polymers as a function of frequency and an electrochemical stimulus. A stochastic stress input signal with a bandwidth of 30 Hz is used, which allows us to compute the mechanical compliance transfer function of polypyrrole as function of the electrochemistry. The low frequency compliance changes between 50-80%, as charge is injected into polypyrrole in neat 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate. The compliance changes reversibly as ions diffuse in and out of the film, which indicates that the compliance depends upon the level of counter ion swelling. The effect of cationic and anionic charging on the polypyrrole compliance is demonstrated in multiple ionic/solvent combinations. The stochastic signals are also used to the characterize the isometric and isotonic responses of conducting polymer actuators. This technique is used to demonstrate the effect of temperature and solution conductivity on actuation and to develop methods that can be used to improve polymer actuator performance. Efficient techniques to incorporate functionalized carbon nanotubes into conducting polymers using layer by layer deposition and drop casting methods have been explored. These new composite materials and techniques significantly reduce creep, improve conductivity and increase stiffness of the polymer actuators.
Download or read book Aspects on Fundaments and Applications of Conducting Polymers written by Artur Motheo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-01-20 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the establishment of the conductive properties of intrinsic conductive polymers, a huge variety of basic and applied research has been carried out, involving different polymers, copolymers, blends, mixtures and composites. Thus, fundamental understanding of physical and chemical properties of these materials has been sought, while the applied aspects have advanced very rapidly, crossing the boundaries between disciplines. Today, the applications of conducting polymers in various fields such as neuroscience, nanotechnology and green chemistry, are easily found. This development is dynamic and it needs to be updated and hence the motivation for the set of results presented in this book; which provides information about the development of fundamentals, and about some applications of conductive polymers.
Download or read book Electrically Conductive Polymers and Polymer Composites written by Anish Khan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the latest research trends in conductive polymers and polymer hybrids, summarizing recent achievements. The book begins by introducing conductive polymer materials and their classification, while subsequent chapters discuss the various syntheses, resulting properties and up-scaling as well as the important applications in biomedical and biotechnological fields, including biosensors and biodevices. The whole is rounded off by a look at future technological advances. The result is a well-structured, essential reference for beginners as well as experienced researchers.
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Polypyrrole Actuators and Composites written by Christine Chan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conducting polymers are unique materials that have generated much research interest because of their intrinsic actuation and conductive properties. Polypyrrole, the choice of conducting polymer used in this thesis, can be fabricated using electrochemical or chemical synthesis. For this research thesis, both fabrication methods were used to study polypyrrole actuators as well as its composites with polylactide. First, a fabrication study was conducted to analyze the effect of the processing parameters in electrochemical synthesis on the morphology and actuation properties of polypyrrole bi-layer and tri-layer actuators. Second, the chemical synthesis of polypyrrole on various polylactide host substrates was conducted to fabricate novel conductive composites. The two types of composites developed were conductive porous composites and conductive patterned composites, and they were each characterized with respect to their physical, conductive, and mechanical properties. Finally, the experimental results obtained for the composites were mapped with finite element modelling.
Download or read book Electroactive Polymers for Robotic Applications written by Kwang J. Kim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-17 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the fundamental properties, modeling, and demonstration of Electroactive polymers in robotic applications. It particularly details artificial muscles and sensors. In addition, the book discusses the properties and uses in robotics applications of ionic polymer–metal composite actuators and dielectric elastomers.
Download or read book Nanostructured Conductive Polymers written by Ali Eftekhari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-07 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a vital link between nanotechnology and conductive polymers, this book covers advances in topics of this interdisciplinary area. In each chapter, there is a discussion of current research issues while reviewing the background of the topic. The selection of topics and contributors from around the globe make this text an outstanding resource for researchers involved in the field of nanomaterials or polymer materials design. The book is divided into three sections: From Conductive Polymers to Nanotechnology, Synthesis and Characterization, and Applications.
Download or read book Advances in Hybrid Conducting Polymer Technology written by Syed Shahabuddin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-11 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents synthesis methods, characterization techniques, properties and applications of hybrid conducting polymers. Special emphasis is given to the applications of hybrid conductive polymers, with chapters ranging from electronic devices, environmental remediation, and sensors, to medical applications.
Download or read book Electromechanically Active Polymers written by Federico Carpi and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Polymer Interconnects written by Corrine Lee Curtis and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of a Conducting Polymer written by Nargis Afroj and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Polymers with New Architectural Motifs written by Paul David Byrne and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) The synthetic scheme was also utilized to produce a monomer that could be electrochemically cross-linked in a controlled fashion. In chapter four, a variety of polythiophene derivatives that incorporated azaferrocenes complexes into the main polymer chain were synthesized. These polymers were then used to ascertain the effect of a n-bound metal on the main chain of a conducting polymer. The oxidation of the metal centers in the polymer produced a significant change in the conductivity of the polymer film. Changing the length and oxidation potential of the polythiophene section of the monomer appeared to alter the charge delocalization of the polymers. In chapter five, a series of polythiophene derivatives containing cyclobutadiene cobalt cyclopentadiene complexes in the main polymer chain were synthesized. The viability of the electropolymerization of the complexes was determined by the relative position of organic section's oxidation potential versus the oxidation of the metal centers. The metal coordinated cyclobutadiene ring of the complex appeared to have a modest charge transport ability.
Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of Solid state Conducting Polymer Actuators written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We report here the fabrication and characterization of solid-state, conducting polymer actuators. The electrochemical activity of polyaniline (PANI) thin film coated with solid-state polyelectrolyte is very similar to the polyaniline thin film in an aqueous solution. The solid-state actuator is adhere to a lever arm of an force transducer and the force generation is measured in real time. The force generated by the actuator is found to be length dependent. However, the overall torques generated by the actuators with different lengths remains essentially the same. The effect of stimulation signals such as voltage, current, on the bending angle and displacement is also studied using square wave potential.
Download or read book Handbook of Polymer Synthesis Characterization and Processing written by Enrique Saldivar-Guerra and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-04 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering a broad range of polymer science topics, Handbook of Polymer Synthesis, Characterization, and Processing provides polymer industry professionals and researchers in polymer science and technology with a single, comprehensive handbook summarizing all aspects involved in the polymer production chain. The handbook focuses on industrially important polymers, analytical techniques, and formulation methods, with chapters covering step-growth, radical, and co-polymerization, crosslinking and grafting, reaction engineering, advanced technology applications, including conjugated, dendritic, and nanomaterial polymers and emulsions, and characterization methods, including spectroscopy, light scattering, and microscopy.
Download or read book Electroactive Polymeric Materials written by Inamuddin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-28 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electroactive polymers are smart materials that can undergo size or shape structural deformations in the presence of an electrical field. These lightweight polymeric materials possess properties such as flexibility, cost-effectiveness, rapid response time, easy controllability (especially physical to electrical), and low power consumption. Electroactive Polymeric Materials examines the history, progress, synthesis, and characterization of electroactive polymers and then details their application and potential in fields including biomedical science, environmental remediation, renewable energy, robotics, sensors and textiles. Highlighting the flexibility, lightweight, cost-effective, rapid response time, easy controllability, and low power consumption characteristics of electroactive polymers, respected authors in the field explore their use in sensors, actuators, MEMS, biomedical apparatus, energy storage, packaging, textiles, and corrosion protection to provide readers with a powerhouse of a reference to use for their own endeavors. Features: Explores the most recent advances in all categories of ionic/electroactive polymer composite materials Includes basic science, addresses novel topics, and covers multifunctional applications in one resource Suitable for newcomers, academicians, scientists and R&D industrial experts working in polymer technologies .
Download or read book Conductive Polymers written by César Quijada and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-02 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pioneering work by Nobel Prize Laureates Heeger, MacDiarmid, and Shirakawa marked the birth of conductive polymers, a new family of revolutionary organic materials at the boundaries between classic plastics, metals, and semiconductors. Since then, a host of chemically diverse conducting polymeric structures has been devised with fascinating optical, electrical, magnetic, and redox properties that can be tuned using easy chemical/electrochemical doping. In recent decades, the combination and blend of conductive polymers with other materials families (e.g., carbon nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles or oxide nanostructures, common polymers, and resins) fostered the advent of a new generation of hybrid multifunctional composites with enhanced properties and high potential for present and near-future everyday life applications, ranging from photovoltaics, OLEDs, smart windows and garments, plastic batteries for sensors, and intelligent actuators. In this book, we compile some of the latest advances in the field, covering both old issues and new examples emphasizing emerging applications in biomedical science, healthcare, separation science, and water pollution abatement.
Download or read book Electroactive Polymers written by Muralisrinivasan Natamai Subramanian and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-01-18 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the development of high performance, high efficiency electroactive polymers (EAPs), and electromechanically active polymers by controlling molecular chemical structure and morphology for all applications. This book is ideal for academicians and researchers in polymer and materials science.
