Download or read book Synchronic and Diachronic Aspects of Kanashi written by Anju Saxena and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-02-21 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kanashi, a Sino-Tibetan (ST) language belonging to the West Himalayish (WH) subbranch of this language family, is spoken in one single village (Malana in Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh state, India), which is surrounded by villages where – entirely unrelated – Indo-Aryan (IA) languages are spoken. Until we started working on Kanashi, very little linguistic material was available. Researchers have long speculated about the prehistory of Kanashi: how did it happen that it ended up spoken in one single village, completely cut off from its closest linguistic relatives? Even though suggestions have been made of a close genealogical relation between Kanashi and Kinnauri (another WH language), at present separated by over 200 km of rugged mountainous terrain, their shared linguistic features have not been discussed in the literature. Based on primary fieldwork, this volume presents some synchronic and diachronic aspects of Kanashi. The synchronic description of Kanashi includes a general introduction on Malana and the Kanashi language community (chapter 1), linguistic descriptions of its sound system (chapter 2), of phonological variation in Kanashi (chapter 4), of its grammar (chapter 3) and of its intriguing numeral systems (chapter 5), as well as basic vocabulary lists (Kanashi-English, English-Kanashi) (chapter 9). As for the diachronic and genealogical aspects (chapters 6–8), we compare and contrast Kanashi with other ST languages of this region (in particular languages of Kinnaur, notably Kinnauri), thereby uncovering some intriguing linguistic features common to Kanashi and Kinnauri which provide insights into their common history. For instance: a subset of borrowed IA nouns and adjectives in both languages end in -(a)ŋ or -(a)s, elements which do not otherwise appear in Kanashi or Kinnauri, nor in the IA donor languages (chapter 6); and both languages have a valency changing mechanism where the valency increasing marker -jaː alternates with the intransitive marker -e(d) in borrowed IA verbs (again: elements without an obvious provenance in the donor or recipient language) (chapter 7). These features are neither found in IA languages nor in the WH languages geographically closest to Kanashi (Pattani, Bunan, Tinani), but only in Kinnauri, which is spoken further away. Intriguingly, traces of some of these features are also found in some ST languages belonging to different ST subgroups (both WH and non-WH), spoken in Uttarakhand in India and in western Nepal (e.g. Rongpo, Chaudangsi, Raji and Raute). This raises fundamental questions regarding genealogical classification, language contact and prehistory of the WH group of languages and of this part of the Indian Himalayas, which are also discussed in the volume (chapter 8).

Download or read book Synchronic and Diachronic Aspects of Kanashi written by Anju Saxena and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-02-21 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kanashi, a Sino-Tibetan (ST) language belonging to the West Himalayish (WH) subbranch of this language family, is spoken in one single village (Malana in Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh state, India), which is surrounded by villages where – entirely unrelated – Indo-Aryan (IA) languages are spoken. Until we started working on Kanashi, very little linguistic material was available. Researchers have long speculated about the prehistory of Kanashi: how did it happen that it ended up spoken in one single village, completely cut off from its closest linguistic relatives? Even though suggestions have been made of a close genealogical relation between Kanashi and Kinnauri (another WH language), at present separated by over 200 km of rugged mountainous terrain, their shared linguistic features have not been discussed in the literature. Based on primary fieldwork, this volume presents some synchronic and diachronic aspects of Kanashi. The synchronic description of Kanashi includes a general introduction on Malana and the Kanashi language community (chapter 1), linguistic descriptions of its sound system (chapter 2), of phonological variation in Kanashi (chapter 4), of its grammar (chapter 3) and of its intriguing numeral systems (chapter 5), as well as basic vocabulary lists (Kanashi-English, English-Kanashi) (chapter 9). As for the diachronic and genealogical aspects (chapters 6–8), we compare and contrast Kanashi with other ST languages of this region (in particular languages of Kinnaur, notably Kinnauri), thereby uncovering some intriguing linguistic features common to Kanashi and Kinnauri which provide insights into their common history. For instance: a subset of borrowed IA nouns and adjectives in both languages end in -(a)ŋ or -(a)s, elements which do not otherwise appear in Kanashi or Kinnauri, nor in the IA donor languages (chapter 6); and both languages have a valency changing mechanism where the valency increasing marker -jaː alternates with the intransitive marker -e(d) in borrowed IA verbs (again: elements without an obvious provenance in the donor or recipient language) (chapter 7). These features are neither found in IA languages nor in the WH languages geographically closest to Kanashi (Pattani, Bunan, Tinani), but only in Kinnauri, which is spoken further away. Intriguingly, traces of some of these features are also found in some ST languages belonging to different ST subgroups (both WH and non-WH), spoken in Uttarakhand in India and in western Nepal (e.g. Rongpo, Chaudangsi, Raji and Raute). This raises fundamental questions regarding genealogical classification, language contact and prehistory of the WH group of languages and of this part of the Indian Himalayas, which are also discussed in the volume (chapter 8).

Download or read book Synchronic and Diachronic Aspects of Kanashi written by Anju Saxena and published by De Gruyter Mouton. This book was released on 2022-07-20 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volumes in the Trends in Linguistics. Documentation series focus on the presentation of linguistic data. The series addresses the sustained interest in linguistic descriptions, dictionaries, grammars and editions of under-described and hitherto undocumented languages. All world-regions and time periods are represented.

Download or read book The Linguistic Landscape of the Indian Himalayas written by Anju Saxena and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-05-20 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is a contribution to the documentation of the linguistic situation of the Kinnaur district in Himachal Pradesh (Indian Himalayas) which has been so far almost undescribed. The Sino-Tibetan languages Kinnauri and Navakat and the Indo-Aryan language Kinnauri Pahari, all spoken in Kinnaur, are described both individually and as parts of a multifaceted linguistic ecology that extends into the surrounding wider Himalayan region. The author combines traditional linguistic description and a quantitative computational procedure to disentangle genealogical and areal characteristics of the languages of Kinnaur.

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Sociolinguistics Around the World written by Martin J. Ball and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-28 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on examples from a wide range of languages and social settings, The Routledge Handbook of Sociolinguistics Around the World was originally the first single-volume collection surveying the current research trends in international sociolinguistics. This new edition has been comprehensively updated and significantly expanded, and now includes more than 50 chapters written by leading authorities and a brand-new substantial introduction by John Edwards. Coverage has been expanded regionally and there is a critical focus on Indigenous languages. This handbook remains a key tool to help widen the perspective on sociolinguistics to readers interested in the field. Divided into sections covering the Americas, Asia, Australasia, Africa, and Europe, the book provides readers with a solid, up-to-date appreciation of the interdisciplinary nature of the field of sociolinguistics in each area. It clearly explains the patterns and systematicity that underlie language variation in use, along with the ways in which alternations between different language varieties mark personal style, social power, and national identity. The Routledge Handbook of Sociolinguistics Around the World is the ideal resource for all students in undergraduate sociolinguistics courses and for researchers involved in the study of language, society, and power.

Download or read book Chinese Grammar written by Hilary Chappell and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2004-01 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents pioneering accounts by leading scholars of twelve central aspects of the grammar of Chinese languages. Deploying a combination of historical and typological approaches it shows the variety and diversity of Chinese languages as well as the extent to which these and their dialects differ from Mandarin. Each author provides full background information on the language or dialect under consideration including its historical and contemporary context. In her introduction Dr Chappell describes the history and geography of Chinese languages. "A must-read... a vital reassessment of the field which shows there is much to be learned by integrating historical study with dialectal investigation." Journal of Linguistics "Chappell combines typological observations of Sinitic and non-Sinitic languages with general linguistic theory in a most satisfying fashion... A very welcome, refeshing and exciting contribution." Cahiers de Linguistique Hilary Chappell is senior lecturer in linguistics at La Trobe University. Her published work includes The Grammar of Inalienability (with William McGregor, Amsterdam, 1995). She is currently writing a book on the typology of Chinese languages,

Download or read book From Eden to the New Jerusalem written by T. Desmond Alexander and published by Kregel Academic. This book was released on 2009-10-13 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design of Structural Elements written by William McKenzie and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-04-19 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic and well-respected textbook provides the most comprehensive coverage of the process of design for structural elements and features a wealth of practical problems and real-world examples. It introduces readers to the design requirements of the Eurocodes for the four most commonly used materials in construction: concrete, steel, timber and masonry, and illustrates the concepts and calculations necessary for the design of the most frequently encountered basic structural elements. It includes a detailed section on structural analysis. The scope of this text is wide, and its numerous examples, problems and easy-to-follow diagrams make it an ideal course text. This user-friendly text is an indispensable resource both for undergraduates in all years of civil engineering and structural engineering, in construction and architecture, and for practising engineers looking to refresh their knowledge.

Download or read book Japanese Counterculture written by Steven C. Ridgely and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the significant impact of this countercultural figure of postwar Japan.

Download or read book Atlas of the World s Languages in Danger written by Christopher Moseley and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Languages are not only tools of communication, they also reflect a view of the world. Languages are vehicles of value systems and cultural expressions and are an essential component of the living heritage of humanity. Yet, many of them are in danger of disappearing. UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger tries to raise awareness on language endangerment. This third edition has been completely revised and expanded to include new series of maps and new points of view.

Download or read book Japanese written by Shoichi Iwasaki and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-23 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japanese ranks as the ninth most widely spoken language of the world with more than 127 million speakers in the island state of Japan. Its genetic relation has been a topic of heated discussion, but Altaic and Austronesian languages appear to have contributed to the early formation of this language. Japanese has a long written tradition, which goes back to texts from the eighth century CE. The modern writing system employs a mixture of Chinese characters and two sets of syllabary indigenously developed based on the Chinese characters. This book consists of sixteen chapters covering the phonology, morphology, writing system, tense and aspect systems, basic argument structure, grammatical constructions, and discourse and pragmatic phenomena of Japanese. It provides researchers with a useful typological reference and students of Japanese with a theory-neutral introduction to current linguistic research issues.

Download or read book Intermediate Microeconomics with Calculus A Modern Approach written by Varian, Hal R. and published by W.W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Google's chief economist, Varian's best-selling intermediate microeconomics texts are revered as some of the best in the field. And now students can work problems online with Smartwork5, Norton's online homework system, packaged at no additional charge with the Media Update Editions. In addition to online homework, the texts now include four-color graphs and new interactive animations.

Download or read book Contrastive Functional Analysis written by Andrew Chesterman and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998-03-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is a raven like a writing-desk? The concept of similarity lies at the heart of this new book on contrastive analysis. Similarity judgements depend partly on properties of the objects being compared, and partly on what the person judging considers to be relevant to the assessment; similarity thus has both objective and subjective aspects. The author shows how contrastive analysis and translation theory make use of the concept in different ways, and explains how it relates to the problematic notions of equivalence and tertium comparationis. The book then develops a meaning-based contrastive methodology, and outlines one theory of semantic structure which can be used in this methodology. The approach is illustrated with four sample studies covering different kinds of phenomena in some European languages. The final part of the book proposes an extension of the theoretical framework to cover contrastive rhetoric: the aim is to suggest a unified approach linking aspects of semantics, pragmatics and rhetoric. Keywords: similarity, contrastive analysis, functional grammar, semantics, rhetoric, translation.

Download or read book Atlas of the World s Languages written by R.E. Asher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the first appearance of the Atlas of the World's Languages in 1993, all the world's languages had never been accurately and completely mapped. The Atlas depicts the location of every known living language, including languages on the point of extinction. This fully revised edition of the Atlas offers: up-to-date research, some from fieldwork in early 2006 a general linguistic history of each section an overview of the genetic relations of the languages in each section statistical and sociolinguistic information a large number of new or completely updated maps further reading and a bibliography for each section a cross-referenced language index of over 6,000 languages. Presenting contributions from international scholars, covering over 6,000 languages and containing over 150 full-colour maps, the Atlas of the World's Languages is the definitive reference resource for every linguistic and reference library.

Download or read book Tibeto Burman Languages of the Himalayas written by David Bradley and published by Pacific Linguistics. This book was released on 1997 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cataloguing the World s Endangered Languages written by Lyle Campbell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cataloguing the World’s Endangered Languages brings together the results of the extensive and influential Catalogue of Endangered Languages (ELCat) project. Based on the findings from the most extensive endangered languages research project, this is the most comprehensive source of accurate information on endangered languages. The book presents the academic and scientific findings that underpin the online Catalogue, located at www.endangeredlanguages.com, making it an essential companion to the website for academics and researchers working in this area. While the online Catalogue displays much data from the ELCat project, this volume develops and emphasizes aspects of the research behind the data and includes topics of great interest in the field, not previously covered in a single volume. Cataloguing the World’s Endangered Languages is an important volume of particular interest to academics and researchers working with endangered languages.

Download or read book South Asian Languages written by Kārumūri V. Subbārāo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-26 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the similarities and differences of about forty South Asian languages from the four different language families.