Download or read book Sustaining Afghan Refugees in Pakistan written by Hanne Christensen and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The food aid distribution to the Afghan refugees in Pakistan is one of the world's largest relief operations. This report assesses the food situation and related aspects in the refugee settlements, with particular reference to the sources of food, links between the refugees and local communities, the division of labour between male and female refugees, income-generating projects, and vulnerable groups. The report is divided into four main sections: 1) background (history, former lifestyles and the situation in Pakistan); 2) general conditions in the refugee villages (including village organization); 3) the food situation in the villages; and 4) related social aspects (social organization, relations with aid administrators and with local communities). The author concludes that there is a vulnerable group (10-15%) which does not receive adequate food supplies. She found that the refugee women tended to suffer from depression and that tensions were increasing between the refugees and local communities. Her recommendations include: a) improved management and monitoring of the food distribution system; b) introduction of income-generating projects; c) search for alternative forms of energy; and d) more careful needs assessment of both food and non-food items.
Download or read book Afghanistan Iran and Pakistan written by Human Rights Watch (Organization) and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 2002 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Human Rights Watch report, "Closed Door Policy: Afghan Refugees in Pakistan and Iran," cautions against a hasty repatriation of Afghan refugees while conditions in Afghanistan remain unstable. Human Rights Watch interviewed many refugees, including members of various ethnic groups, and women and girls, who fear continuing human rights abuses inside Afghanistan. The decades long Afghan refugee emergency did not end with the fall of the Taliban. There remain three and a half million refugees in Pakistan and Iran, the vast majority of whom arrived before the current armed conflict. Although one hundred forty thousand Afghans went home from Pakistan and Iran in the past six weeks, fifty thousand new refugees fled Afghanistan to Pakistan during the same time period. Refugees interviewed by Human Rights Watch in Pakistan described the human toll caused by that government's treatment of the refugee population: With borders closed, most refugees had to resort to dangerous and unofficial routes into Pakistan. Refugees were beaten at unofficial checkpoints when they could not afford to pay extortionate bribes. At official crossing points, families were beaten back, or languished in squalor without food, water or latrines-hoping to be let in. Once inside Pakistan, refugees were harassed and imprisoned because they lacked identity documents. They also endured beatings by Pakistani police when queuing for food in camps."--Publisher website.
Download or read book Afghan Refugees written by Allen K.. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Continued Protection Sustainable Reintegration written by Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This briefing paper highlights the case of Afghans living in Iran, their current livelihoods and their processes of decision-making associated with returning to Afghanistan. It looks at living conditions in Iran and the return intentions of both refugee households and single labour migrants. A number of actions are recommended that could be taken to increase the prospects of return and sustainable reintegration for Afghans in Iran, such as formalising temporary labour migration as a means of supporting return strategies in the short to medium term. Recognising that not all Afghans will make this choice in the short term, however, further recommendations include continuing the protection of vulnerable Afghans who choose to remain in Iran, and investigating mechanisms that can provide more secure and predictable residence status to Afghans who have integrated into their host country.
Download or read book In security written by Saba Gul Khattak and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Legal Status of Afghan Refugees in Pakistan a Story of Eight Agreements and Two Suppressed Premises written by Marjoleine Zieck and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 25 per cent of present day refugees enjoy asylum in Pakistan, most of them having been there for more than a quarter of a century. Pakistan is not, however, a party to either the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees or the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees. The legal status of the Afghan refugees it hosts is therefore not a foregone conclusion, even though they were considered to be refugees on a prima facie basis during the first two decades of their exile in Pakistan. This article identifies the legal status of the Afghan refugees on the basis of a series of agreements Pakistan concluded with UNHCR and also occasionally with Afghanistan. By virtue of the last of the series of agreements, Afghan refugees can return to Afghanistan under a UNHCR-assisted voluntary repatriation programme until December 2009. In view of the fact that all Afghans have been granted leave to stay in Pakistan until the same date, many are expected to stay in Pakistan rather than return with the assistance of UNHCR. Unlike the preceding agreements, the last one does not address the fate of those who will still be in Pakistan upon completion of the voluntary repatriation programme. It seems therefore imperative to identify the legal status and corresponding entitlements of the Afghan refugees. It is argued that the prima facie recognition of refugee status can be sustained on the basis of the agreements referred to. In addition it is argued that the current lsquo;profiling' exercise of UNHCR, even while presumably beneficial for the most vulnerable refugees, is irreconcilable with the status and entitlements of the Afghan refugees, and the same holds true with respect to the usual practice of lsquo;screening' those refugees who have opted not to return under a voluntary repatriation programme. An alternative that would be reconcilable is a collective cessation of refugee status if and when the situation in the country of origin so warrants, provided individual refugees may contest this.
Download or read book Socio economic Inclusion of Afghan Refugees in Pakistan written by Asif Javed and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pakistan Coercion UN Complicity written by Gerald Simpson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The report, "Pakistan Coercion, UN Complicity: The Mass Forced Return of Afghan Refugees," documents Pakistan's abuses and the role of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in promoting the exodus. Through enhancing its "voluntary repatriation" program and failing to publicly call for an end to coercive practices, the UN agency has become complicit in Pakistan's mass refugee abuse. The UN and international donors should press Pakistan to end the abuses, protect the remaining 1.1 million Afghan refugees in Pakistan, and allow refugees among the other estimated 750,000 unregistered Afghans there to seek protection, Human Rights Watch said"--Publisher's description.
Download or read book U S Strategy for Pakistan and Afghanistan written by Richard Lee Armitage and published by Council on Foreign Relations. This book was released on 2010 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Council on Foreign Relations sponsors Independent Task Forces to assess issues of current and critical importance to U.S. foreign policy and provide policymakers with concrete judgments and recommendations. Diverse in backgrounds and perspectives, Task Force members aim to reach a meaningful consensus on policy through private and non-partisan deliberations. Once launched, Task Forces are independent of CFR and solely responsible for the content of their reports. Task Force members are asked to join a consensus signifying that they endorse "the general policy thrust and judgments reached by the group, though not necessarily every finding and recommendation." Each Task Force member also has the option of putting forward an additional or a dissenting view. Members' affiliations are listed for identification purposes only and do not imply institutional endorsement. Task Force observers participate in discussions, but are not asked to join the consensus. --Book Jacket.
Download or read book Statelessness governance and the problem of citizenship written by Tendayi Bloom and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-12 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a person is not recognised as a citizen anywhere, they are typically referred to as ‘stateless’. This can give rise to challenges both for individuals and for the institutions that try to govern them. Statelessness, governance, and the problem of citizenship breaks from tradition by relocating the ‘problem’ to be addressed from one of statelessness to one of citizenship. It problematises the governance of citizenship – and the use of citizenship as a governance tool – and traces the ‘problem of citizenship’ from global and regional governance mechanisms to national and even individual levels. With contributions from activists, affected persons, artists, lawyers, academics, and national and international policy experts, this volume rejects the idea that statelessness and stateless persons are a problem. It argues that the reality of statelessness helps to uncover a more fundamental challenge: the problem of citizenship.
Download or read book Refugee Manipulation written by Stephen John Stedman and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004-05-13 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since World War II, refugee organizations have faced a recurrent challenge: the manipulation of refugees by warring parties to further their own aims. Some armies in civil wars, facing military defeat, use refugees as assets to establish the international legitimacy of their cause, treat refugee camps as sanctuaries and recruitment pools, and limit access to refugees to ensure that they will not repatriate. Focusing on the geopolitical security environment surrounding militarized camps and the response of humanitarian agencies, the contributors to this volume examine the ways armed groups manipulate refugees and how and why international actors assist their manipulation. They then offer suggestions for reducing the ability of such groups to use the suffering of refugees to their own advantage. The contributors examine three cases: Cambodian refugees along the Thai border in the 1970s and 1980s, Afghan refugees in Pakistan in the 1980s and 1990s, and Rwandan refugees in Eastern Zaire from 1994–96. They argue that refugee manipulation occurs because warring parties gain resources in their fight for power and other actors, often the host government and regional and major powers encourage and support it. Manipulation is allowed to occur because the international refugee regime and major states have not identified a consistent approach to stopping it. In the post-Cold War era the United Nations and its members have chosen to treat the issue as a humanitarian problem instead of a security problem. As the contributors make clear, however, manipulation of refugees has important ramifications for international security, turning some civil wars into larger protracted regional wars. They argue that the geopolitics of refugee manipulation leads to sanguine conclusions about stopping it. Solutions must change the moral, political, and strategic calculations of states that are implicated in the manipulation. As long as the problem is not deemed a security threat
Download or read book Developing Sustainable Agriculture in Pakistan written by Iqrar Ahmad Khan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 1230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economy and development of Pakistan providing food to consumers, raw materials to industries, and a market for industrial goods. Unfortunately, agricultural production is stagnant due to several barriers including a fixed cropping pattern, reliance on a few major crops, a narrow genetic pool, poor seed quality, and a changing climate. In addition, the high cost of production, weak phytosanitary compliance mechanisms, and a lack of cold chain facilities makes Pakistan agriculturally uncompetitive in export markets. Despite all these issues, agriculture is the primary industry in Pakistan and small farmers continue to dominate the business. Small farmers grow crops for subsistence under a fixed cropping pattern and a holistic approach is required to develop agriculture to improve the livelihoods of the rural populace. This book presents an exhaustive look at agriculture in Pakistan. Chapters provide critical analyses of present trends, inadequacies in agriculture, strategic planning, improvement programs and policies while keeping in view the natural resources, plant- and animal-related agricultural production technologies, input supplies, population planning, migration and poverty, and balanced policies on finance, credit, marketing, and trade.
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Achieving Sustainable Development Goals With Sustainable Marketing written by Gigauri, Iza and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-06-26 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prominent idea of sustainable development has influenced almost all disciplines, changing our understanding and behavior toward sustainability. In this respect, marketing has also been transforming from the sustainability point of view as emerging social and ecological problems caused by the exponential growth require sustainable solutions and joint efforts. Sustainable marketing intends to integrate ecological, social, and ethical concerns while creating value. Consumers, along with other stakeholders, expect that brands will contribute to work toward the sustainable development goals; therefore, companies need to redesign their marketing initiatives to create, promote, and deliver values that are in line with sustainability. The Handbook of Research on Achieving Sustainable Development Goals With Sustainable Marketing illuminates current developments in sustainable marketing and the new trends and tendencies concerning the concept in theory and practice. The book also explores the concept of sustainable marketing in todays context of the digital age, explains its boundaries and benefits, and describes the challenges and opportunities as well as the advantages and potential disadvantages of sustainable marketing and branding efforts. Covering key topics such as branding, marketing ethics, and corporate social responsibility, this premier reference source is ideal for marketers, business owners, managers, industry professionals, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students.
Download or read book No Win War written by Zahid Hussain and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-08-03 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the post-9/11 relations between the US and Pakistan. The growing divergence between Washington and Islamabad has taken an already uneasy alliance to a point of estrangement. Yet, a complete breakup is not an option. The underlying cause of the tension, within the partnership the two had entered on 13 September 2001, has never been fully understood. What is rarely discussed is how Pakistan's decision to ally itself with the US pushed the country into a war with itself; the cost of Pakistan's tight roping between alignment with the US and old links with the Afghan Taliban; and its long-term implications for the region and global security. This book elucidates implications for Afghanistan in the so-called war on terror while revealing US and Pakistan's foreign policy initiatives. The author explores all this through little known facts and through the players involved in this cloak and dagger game. The book tells the story behind the headlines: how equivocal is ISI's break with the Afghan Taliban fighting the coalition forces in Afghanistan; the shootout in Lahore involving a CIA agent; and the killing of Osama bin Laden.
Download or read book Sustainable Reintegration of Returning Migrants A Better Homecoming written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many OECD countries, how to ensure the safe and dignified return to their origin countries of migrants who do not have grounds to remain is a key question. Sustainable Reintegration of Returning Migrants: A Better Homecoming reports the results of a multi-country peer review project carried out by the OECD, with support from the German Corporation for International Cooperation (GIZ) on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).
Download or read book Sustainable Economic Development written by Arsenio Balisacan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-09-20 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Economic Development: Resources, Environment, and Institutions presents 25 articles that lay the foundations of sustainable development in a way that facilitates effective policy design. The editors mix broad thematic papers with focused micro-papers, balancing theories with policy designs.The book begins with two sections on sustainable development principles and practice and on specific settings where sustainable development is practiced. Two more sections illuminate institutions, governance, and political economy. Additional sections cover sustainable development and agriculture, and risk and economic security, including disaster management. This rich source of information should appeal to any institution involved in development work, and to development practitioners grappling with an array of difficult on-the-ground developmental challenges. Analyzes policies that move markets and resource use patterns towards achieving sustainability Articles are kaleidoscopic in scope and creativity Authors embody extraordinary diversity and qualifications
Download or read book Afghanistan state Building Sustaining Growth and Reducing Poverty written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Afghanistan has come a long way since emerging from major conflict in late 2001. The economy has recovered strongly, growing by nearly 50% cumulatively in the last two years (not including drugs). Some three million internally and externally displaced Afghans have returned to their country. More than four million children, a third of them girls, are in school, and immunization campaigns have achieved considerable success. The Government has supported good economic performance by following prudent macroeconomic policies and it has made extraordinary efforts to develop key national programs and to revive social services like education and health. Nevertheless, Afghanistan remains one of the poorest countries in the world in terms of both per-capita incomes and social indicators, with large gender gaps. The difficult challenge of poverty reduction is made even more difficult by continuing insecurity, weak rule of law, and narcotics. Afghanistan - State Building, Sustaining Growth, and Reducing Poverty provides a greater understanding of the core challenges that lie ahead for Afghanistan and key priorities for national reconstruction. The Afghan economy has been shaped by more than two decades of debilitating conflict and has some very unusual features which this study analyzes. The authors argue that the country must break out of the vicious cycle that would keep it insecure, fragmented politically, weakly governed, poor, dominated by the illicit economy, and a hostage to the drug industry. The study presents key elements for a breakthrough in the next two years but the daunting agenda will require strong commitment, actions, and persistence on the part of the Government and robust support from the international community."
