Download or read book Survey of Transplanted Sea Otter Populations in Southeast Alaska April 30 May 16 1975 written by Karl Burton Schneider and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1965 and 1971, some 403 sea otters were transplated to six sites in Southeast Alaska. A survey was conducted jointly by Alaska Department of Fish and Game and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service between April 30 and May 16, 1975, to determine the distribution and abundance of sea otters there. Table 1 summarizes significant sea otter sightings between 1965 and 1975.
Download or read book Sea Otter Population and Transplant Studies in Alaska 1959 written by Karl W. Kenyon and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Marine Mammals of Alaska written by United States. Marine Mammal Commission and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A current summary of the biology and status of ten species of Alaskan marine mammals. - Pref.
Download or read book Workshop on Rebuilding Abalone Stocks in British Columbia written by Alan Campbell and published by NRC Research Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An international Workshop on Rebuilding Abalone Stocks in British Columbia was held during February 23-26 , 1999, in Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada. The main goal of the workshop was to develop a realistic strategy to rehabilitate depleted northern (pinto) abalone, Haliotis kamtschatkana, stocks in British Columbia. The workshop was also meant to clarify the roles, expectations, and shared interests of many of the interest groups in British Columbia,emphasizing the key role in the rebuilding plan of local communities,including First Nations and non-native communities.
Download or read book Selected Marine Mammals of Alaska written by Jack W. Lentfer and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes chapters on Pacific walrus, polar bear, ringed seal, bearded seal, ribbon seal, spotted seal, harbor seal, stellar sea lion, beluga whale and sea otter.
Download or read book Southern Sea Otters Translocation CA OR written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aerial Survey of Certain Aleutian Sea Otter Populations 19 27 May 1959 and Estimates of the Total Sea Otter Populations in Alaska written by Karl W. Kenyon and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Status and Trends of Sea Otter Populations in Southeast Alaska 1969 2003 written by George G. Esslinger and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alaska Sea Otter Research Workshop written by Daniela Maldini and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Resource Competition Space Use and Forage Ecology of Sea Otters Enhydra Lutris in Southern Southeast Alaska written by Zachary N. Hoyt and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing sea otter population in southern Southeast Alaska is impacting commercial shellfish, through foraging and expanding in range and abundance except where hunted for subsistence. Sea otters and their prey have coexisted in the North Pacific Ocean for approximately 750,000 years, but due to exploitation of sea otters from the 1770s until 1911, the species became extinct over much of its range, including southern Southeast Alaska. Subsequently, invertebrate species flourished and were commercially targeted in the late 1900s. Sea otters were relocated (n = 106) to southern Southeast Alaska in 1968. In this dissertation, I evaluated this marine mammal-fisheries conflict through multiple approaches. In Chapter 1, I analyzed geoduck clam and red sea urchin abundance surveys (1994-2012) and catch and effort data from commercial Dungeness crab fisheries (1969-2010) to identify interactions between sea otters and commercial shellfish. In Chapter 2, I collected geo-locations from 30 instrumented sea otters (2011-2014) to identify space use and range expansion. In Chapter 3, I collected sea otter abundance and distribution data from fixed wing aircraft (2010-2014) and observational forage data from sea otters (2010-2013) to determine contemporary population growth and consumption of commercially important shellfish by sea otters. The sea otter population in southern Southeast Alaska has grown from 106 to an estimated 13,139 individuals between 1968 and 2011 with an annual growth rate of 12% and expansion of its range by 117 km2 y-1. Results from a before-after, control-impact analysis indicate that sea otters are rapidly impacting red sea urchin and significantly reducing geoduck clam densities. Further, breakpoints predicted from regression models of Dungeness crab catch are correlated with known sea otter colonization timing. Forty-six percent of the population level diet of sea otters represented commercially important prey. Sea otters targeted commercially important species, specifically red sea urchins and Dungeness crab, when first colonizing an area, after which the diet of sea otters became more diverse as colonization durations increased. Using habitat models based on a bivariate normal probability distribution function, environmental covariates and subsistence hunting pressure on sea otters, I determined that sea otter range expansion was limited by subsistence hunting. Further, female and non-territorial males segregated based on habitat and likely prey preferences. I conclude that sea otter populations will likely continue to grow, and that current shellfisheries cannot coexist with sea otters under existing management. Further, conservation and management of sea otter populations, whether to increase the distribution through translocation efforts or reduce the distribution to avoid human conflicts, could benefit from insights gained from spatially explicit modeling at the landscape level.
Download or read book Sea Otter Survey Southeast Alaska 1986 written by Terri Simon-Jackson and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sea Otters in Southeast Alaska written by Wendel W. Raymond and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recovery of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) to Southeast Alaska is a conservation success story, but their increasing population raises questions about sea otter population dynamics and the ecological role of this top-level predator. In Chapter 1, we addressed these questions by investigating patterns and population effects of subsistence sea otter harvest. Subsistence harvest reduced populations at a small scale, with potential to slow or stop population growth, but across Southeast Alaska the population continues to grow, even with an average 3% subsistence harvest rate. In Chapters 2 and 3 we investigated the ecological role of sea otters in seagrass (Zostera marina) communities. When we tested for generality in a sea otter - seagrass trophic cascade across a large spatial scale in Southeast Alaska, we found a positive relationship between sea otters and seagrass. However, we found no evidence of a relationship between crabs and epifauna, suggesting that the ecological mechanisms in Southeast Alaska may differ from other regions. Our comparison of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (SI) to assess the role of sea otters on trophic structure and energetic pathways of seagrass beds found little effect of sea otters in overall community trophic niche space, suggesting similar carbon sources and food chain length in seagrass meadows regardless of sea otters. Conversely, the FA profiles of diverse consumer suggest variation in dietary sources with and without sea otters. This result suggests that the trophic cascade may not be the only or primary energetic pathway in Southeast Alaska seagrass communities. In all, our studies have revealed that sea otters in Southeast Alaska are linked to both people and a common Southeast Alaska nearshore habitat, seagrass. These results describe the varied interactions of a recovering top predator and highlight a need to consider these diverse interactions in resource management, conservation, and ecological research.
Download or read book Diet Composition and Fate of Contaminants in Subsistence Harvested Northern Sea Otters Enhydra Lutris Kenyoni from Icy Strait Alaska written by Kristin Lynn Brown and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) in Southeast Alaska have experienced a significant population increase since their successful reintroduction to the area after previous near extirpation owing to historic fur trading. The purpose of this study was to examine sea otter diet and metals contamination in an area of Southeast Alaska with the most robust increases in sea otter numbers, Glacier Bay/Icy Strait, with the intent of gathering baseline data for a healthy population of sea otters and as a reflection of the local coastal environmental health of the area. This research was a collaborative effort with Alaska Native subsistence hunters and the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation. In Chapter 1, sea otter stomachs (n=25) were obtained in April 2015 and April 2016 from Alaska Native subsistence hunters in Icy Strait, Alaska. There were no differences in sea otter diet between years. Bivalves dominated the sea otter diet. Northern horsemussels (Modiolus modiolus) made up the greatest proportion of the diet (0.46 ± 0.48). Fat gaper clams (Tresus capax) and northern horsemussels were found in the highest proportion of stomachs (0.64 and 0.60, respectively). There was not an apparent trend between sea otter age and the minimum number of total prey items, stomach contents mass, or mean frequency of occurrence of the top four prey species. Sea otters from this study are likely to be dietary generalists throughout their lives. In Chapter 2, brain, gonad, kidney, and liver tissues, as well as stomach contents were analyzed for arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, total mercury, and selenium for the 2015-harvested sea otters that were also referenced in Chapter 1 (n=14). In general, arsenic and lead had the highest concentrations in stomach contents, cadmium and selenium were highest in the kidneys, and copper and total mercury were highest in the livers. While brains and gonads had the lowest metals concentrations of any tissue, the metal with the greatest concentration within the brain was copper, and within the gonads was selenium. Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, total mercury, and lead demonstrated a relationship with sea otter length. In general, all the mean metals concentrations for these sea otters were below published effects threshold values for marine mammals. Only total mercury demonstrated biomagnification from the stomach contents (i.e., the prey) to all higher-level tissues. Selenium health benefit values were positive in all sea otter tissue types analyzed in the present study, indicating that concentrations of selenium had an overall health benefit in protecting those tissues against mercury toxicity. Evaluating how contaminants concentrate and get distributed in tissues of top trophic levels provides an indication for potential exposure to humans and demonstrates how these keystone species act as indicators of local coastal ecosystem health. The results of studies on dietary exposure and metals contamination in top trophic level consumers such as sea otters can be used in monitoring the health of sea otter populations and the local environment that they inhabit.
Download or read book Draft Environmental Impact Statement for Proposed Translocation of Southern Sea Otters written by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Office of Sea Otter Coordination and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Mammals Ashore written by Joseph R. Geraci and published by National Aquarium in Baltimore. This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive manual for understanding and carrying out marine mammal rescue activities for stranded seals, manatees, dolphins, whales, or sea otters.
Download or read book Hierarchical Modeling and Inference in Ecology written by J. Andrew Royle and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-10-15 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to data collection, modeling and inference strategies for biological survey data using Bayesian and classical statistical methods.This book describes a general and flexible framework for modeling and inference in ecological systems based on hierarchical models, with a strict focus on the use of probability models and parametric inference. Hierarchical models represent a paradigm shift in the application of statistics to ecological inference problems because they combine explicit models of ecological system structure or dynamics with models of how ecological systems are observed. The principles of hierarchical modeling are developed and applied to problems in population, metapopulation, community, and metacommunity systems. The book provides the first synthetic treatment of many recent methodological advances in ecological modeling and unifies disparate methods and procedures.The authors apply principles of hierarchical modeling to ecological problems, including * occurrence or occupancy models for estimating species distribution* abundance models based on many sampling protocols, including distance sampling* capture-recapture models with individual effects* spatial capture-recapture models based on camera trapping and related methods* population and metapopulation dynamic models* models of biodiversity, community structure and dynamics - Wide variety of examples involving many taxa (birds, amphibians, mammals, insects, plants) - Development of classical, likelihood-based procedures for inference, as well as Bayesian methods of analysis - Detailed explanations describing the implementation of hierarchical models using freely available software such as R and WinBUGS - Computing support in technical appendices in an online companion web site
Download or read book Southern Sea Otter Recovery Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
